惠民凹陷北部油气成藏动力系统与资源潜力研究
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摘要
论文以地质、地震、钻井、测井、分析测试等资料为依据,以油气成藏动力系统和层序地层学理论为指导,对惠民凹陷北部阳信、滋镇两个洼陷进行油气资源评价研究。在构造背景、沉积特征和温压场研究的基础上,识别和划分油气成藏动力系统,对油气成藏条件和成藏作用进行深入研究,分层、分期、分区、动态、定量计算洼陷的生烃量、排烃量、资源量,揭示油气资源在系统中形成、运移和聚集分布的特征,提出了有利勘探目标。
根据沉积旋回特征、欠压实带分布与层序地层相结合的方法,将该区划分为5个成藏动力子系统,即:Ⅰ.底部自源高压半封闭成藏动力子系统,Ⅱ.下部自源-它源高压半封闭成藏动力子系统,Ⅲ.中部自源-它源高压半封闭成藏动力子系统,Ⅳ.上部它源常压半封闭成藏动力子系统,Ⅴ.顶部它源常压开放成藏动力子系统。主要的联络体系为断层、火成岩侵入体、不整合面以及层内砂体、岩性岩相变化带等。
成藏条件研究表明,烃源条件阳信洼陷有机质丰度沙三段以优质烃源岩为主,沙一段和沙四段较好烃源岩;滋镇洼陷有机质丰度沙三下亚段为好和较好烃源岩,沙四上亚段为较差烃源岩;阳信洼陷干酪根类型沙一段为I型;沙三段以I型为主,其次为Ⅱ1型和III型;沙四段4种类型均有分布;滋镇洼陷沙三下亚段、沙四上亚段中上部干酪根类型以混合型为主,沙四上亚段中部干酪根类型略差于沙四上亚段上部。
烃源岩总体埋藏较浅,成熟门限以Tmax435℃,Ro0.5%为标志:阳信洼陷烃源岩深度小于2550m为未熟低熟阶段,深度大于2550m为成熟阶段,3150mRo达0.82%。滋镇洼陷深度小于2250m为未熟-低熟阶段,深度大于2250m为成熟阶段。阳信洼陷成熟烃源岩面积仅占总面积的50.31%,滋镇洼陷占86.69%。两洼陷总体成熟度不高。
阳信洼陷储集砂体为北部陡坡带扇三角洲、南部斜坡带河流三角洲,岩性是三角洲沉积的砂岩、粉细砂岩等,阳信洼陷东部次洼的火成岩体也是重要的储集层;盖层为区域分布的厚层泥岩;圈闭有构造圈闭、岩性圈闭、构造—岩性圈闭等类型。
成藏作用研究表明,生烃期晚,排烃期短,油气以近油源聚集为特点,通过联络体系侧向和垂向运移至构造高部位聚集成藏。通过阳信洼陷的研究,认为成藏模式有中部隆起带、火成岩带、洼陷带、北部陡坡带和南部斜坡带五种模式。
资源量计算表明,滋镇洼陷沙三段、沙四段总资源量为1.2971亿吨,阳信洼陷沙四段资源量为0.7493亿吨。以综合研究为指导,分析了有利汇聚区,提出了有利勘探目标。
By using geology, seismic, drilling, log and geochemical data, according to the theory of dynamic system of petroleum accumulation and sequence stratigraphy, This Paper evaluates the petroleum resources of Yangxin and Zizhen sag in the north of Huimin depression: discussing the characteristics of structure, deposition and thermobaric, identifying and classifying the dynamic system of petroleum accumulation, studying the conditions and processes of petroleum accumulation and the characteristics of generation, migration and accumulation in the system, calculating the quantities of petroleum generation, expelling and resources, and optimizing several prospects.
Combining the characterstics of sequence stratigraphic framework, depositional cycle and the distribution of sub-pressure, The north of Huimin depression is devided into 5 subsystems:⑴the bottom authigenic, overpressure and semi-seal subsystem,⑵the lower authigenic- allochthonous, overpressure and seal subsystem,⑶the middle authigenic-allochthonous, overpressure and semi-seal subsystem ,⑷the upper allochthonous, normal pressure and semi-seal subsystem and⑸the top allochthonous, normal pressure and opening subsystem. The main conduit systems consist of faults, unconformities, igneous intrusive bodies and transitional zones of lithology or lithofacies.
Studying on the conditions of petroleum accumulation suggests that Es3 is the best source rocks, and Es1 and Es4 are good source rock in the Yangxin sag. In Zizhen sag, the source rocks in the lower of Es3 is better than the upper of Es4. The kerogen type in Yangxin sag is characterized by type I in Es1 and Es3, II1 and II2 distributed in other formations, four types in Es4, But in Zizhen sag, the kerogen type is characterized by type II in the lower part of Es3 and the upper and middle part of the upper Es4, and the kerogen type in the upper part is better than its in the middle part in the upper Es4.
Owing to shallow burial depth, the organic maturity is not very high. The Tmax of [0]oil generation threshold is 435℃, and the Ro is 0.5%. The depth limit between prematuration and maturation is 2550m, and Ro is 0.82% in 3150m in Yangxin sag; this value is 2250m in Zizhen sag. The mature source rocks accounts for 50% in Yangxin sag, and accounts for 86.69% in Zizhen sag.
The reservoir is characterized by sandstone and siltstone from fan delta in the north steep slope and from delta in the south gentle slope. The igneous rock in the eastern Yangxin sag is also the important reservoir. The seal is the areal distributed thick shale. The traps are mainly structural, lithologic, structural-lithologic and buried hill trap.
Studying on the processes of petroleum accumulation shows petroleum generated late and expelled in a short period. Through the conduit systems,petroleum migrated to the high in lateral and vertical direction and accumulated in the near place. There are five petroleum accumulation patterns: the middle uplift zone, the igneous rock zone, the sag zone, the north steep slope zone and the south gentle slope.
The basin resource evaluation shows 1.2971×10~8t oil & gas resources of Es3 and Es4 in Zizhen sag and 0.7493×10~8t of Es4 in Yangxin sag, indicates the favorable accumulation areas and plays are by synthetic study.
根据沉积旋回特征、欠压实带分布与层序地层相结合的方法,将该区划分为5个成藏动力子系统,即:Ⅰ.底部自源高压半封闭成藏动力子系统,Ⅱ.下部自源-它源高压半封闭成藏动力子系统,Ⅲ.中部自源-它源高压半封闭成藏动力子系统,Ⅳ.上部它源常压半封闭成藏动力子系统,Ⅴ.顶部它源常压开放成藏动力子系统。主要的联络体系为断层、火成岩侵入体、不整合面以及层内砂体、岩性岩相变化带等。
成藏条件研究表明,烃源条件阳信洼陷有机质丰度沙三段以优质烃源岩为主,沙一段和沙四段较好烃源岩;滋镇洼陷有机质丰度沙三下亚段为好和较好烃源岩,沙四上亚段为较差烃源岩;阳信洼陷干酪根类型沙一段为I型;沙三段以I型为主,其次为Ⅱ1型和III型;沙四段4种类型均有分布;滋镇洼陷沙三下亚段、沙四上亚段中上部干酪根类型以混合型为主,沙四上亚段中部干酪根类型略差于沙四上亚段上部。
烃源岩总体埋藏较浅,成熟门限以Tmax435℃,Ro0.5%为标志:阳信洼陷烃源岩深度小于2550m为未熟低熟阶段,深度大于2550m为成熟阶段,3150mRo达0.82%。滋镇洼陷深度小于2250m为未熟-低熟阶段,深度大于2250m为成熟阶段。阳信洼陷成熟烃源岩面积仅占总面积的50.31%,滋镇洼陷占86.69%。两洼陷总体成熟度不高。
阳信洼陷储集砂体为北部陡坡带扇三角洲、南部斜坡带河流三角洲,岩性是三角洲沉积的砂岩、粉细砂岩等,阳信洼陷东部次洼的火成岩体也是重要的储集层;盖层为区域分布的厚层泥岩;圈闭有构造圈闭、岩性圈闭、构造—岩性圈闭等类型。
成藏作用研究表明,生烃期晚,排烃期短,油气以近油源聚集为特点,通过联络体系侧向和垂向运移至构造高部位聚集成藏。通过阳信洼陷的研究,认为成藏模式有中部隆起带、火成岩带、洼陷带、北部陡坡带和南部斜坡带五种模式。
资源量计算表明,滋镇洼陷沙三段、沙四段总资源量为1.2971亿吨,阳信洼陷沙四段资源量为0.7493亿吨。以综合研究为指导,分析了有利汇聚区,提出了有利勘探目标。
By using geology, seismic, drilling, log and geochemical data, according to the theory of dynamic system of petroleum accumulation and sequence stratigraphy, This Paper evaluates the petroleum resources of Yangxin and Zizhen sag in the north of Huimin depression: discussing the characteristics of structure, deposition and thermobaric, identifying and classifying the dynamic system of petroleum accumulation, studying the conditions and processes of petroleum accumulation and the characteristics of generation, migration and accumulation in the system, calculating the quantities of petroleum generation, expelling and resources, and optimizing several prospects.
Combining the characterstics of sequence stratigraphic framework, depositional cycle and the distribution of sub-pressure, The north of Huimin depression is devided into 5 subsystems:⑴the bottom authigenic, overpressure and semi-seal subsystem,⑵the lower authigenic- allochthonous, overpressure and seal subsystem,⑶the middle authigenic-allochthonous, overpressure and semi-seal subsystem ,⑷the upper allochthonous, normal pressure and semi-seal subsystem and⑸the top allochthonous, normal pressure and opening subsystem. The main conduit systems consist of faults, unconformities, igneous intrusive bodies and transitional zones of lithology or lithofacies.
Studying on the conditions of petroleum accumulation suggests that Es3 is the best source rocks, and Es1 and Es4 are good source rock in the Yangxin sag. In Zizhen sag, the source rocks in the lower of Es3 is better than the upper of Es4. The kerogen type in Yangxin sag is characterized by type I in Es1 and Es3, II1 and II2 distributed in other formations, four types in Es4, But in Zizhen sag, the kerogen type is characterized by type II in the lower part of Es3 and the upper and middle part of the upper Es4, and the kerogen type in the upper part is better than its in the middle part in the upper Es4.
Owing to shallow burial depth, the organic maturity is not very high. The Tmax of [0]oil generation threshold is 435℃, and the Ro is 0.5%. The depth limit between prematuration and maturation is 2550m, and Ro is 0.82% in 3150m in Yangxin sag; this value is 2250m in Zizhen sag. The mature source rocks accounts for 50% in Yangxin sag, and accounts for 86.69% in Zizhen sag.
The reservoir is characterized by sandstone and siltstone from fan delta in the north steep slope and from delta in the south gentle slope. The igneous rock in the eastern Yangxin sag is also the important reservoir. The seal is the areal distributed thick shale. The traps are mainly structural, lithologic, structural-lithologic and buried hill trap.
Studying on the processes of petroleum accumulation shows petroleum generated late and expelled in a short period. Through the conduit systems,petroleum migrated to the high in lateral and vertical direction and accumulated in the near place. There are five petroleum accumulation patterns: the middle uplift zone, the igneous rock zone, the sag zone, the north steep slope zone and the south gentle slope.
The basin resource evaluation shows 1.2971×10~8t oil & gas resources of Es3 and Es4 in Zizhen sag and 0.7493×10~8t of Es4 in Yangxin sag, indicates the favorable accumulation areas and plays are by synthetic study.
引文
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