基于PM的高校创新实践活动评价体系研究
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摘要
创新实践活动是各高校开辟“第二课堂”的重要阵地,在学校建设发展中发挥着重要的作用,几乎所有高校都在积极寻求开展创新实践活动的新模式和新思路,以期在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出。
本文从项目管理经典理论入手,深入研究工程项目管理后评价和企业、组织绩效评价的相关知识,针对高校创新实践活动评价模型所包括的评价指标体系的构建和评价方法的选择这两个核心内容展开了研究。
首先,结合当前高校创新实践活动在活动设置、资源配置、时间协调、项目效果和组织评价等方面存在的问题,引入项目管理概念和相关理论的阐述与应用,探索高校创新实践活动与项目管理之间的相通与融合,将高校创新实践活动项目化管理的理念传输给高校学生工作处、各级团委部门,使之逐步落实,科学管理。
其次,依据构建指标体系的独立性、代表性、可行性、可比性和针对性等原则,本文对工程项目管理后评价和企业、组织绩效评价的相关理论和评价方法做了深入的研究。在此基础上,结合高校创新实践活动的特点,全面分析影响活动成功与否的主要因素,从而构建了高校创新实践活动的评价内容和由4个准则层、20个指标层构成的指标体系框架,并采用主观赋权——层次分析法(AHP)对各级指标权重进行了计算,进一步建立了权重分配表。然后,提出层次分析——模糊综合评价方法的工作流程,并对其数学模型的应用进行了分析和阐述。
最后,在前述工作的基础上系统地建立了高校创新实践活动的评价模型,并以第二届全国大学生结构设计竞赛为例,对模型的准确性进行了验证与分析。
Innovative activities is an important front as the "second class" which colleges and universities tend to open up,and are playing an important role in the university development. Almost all the colleges and universities want to excel itself in the fierce competition by exploring novel methods or models to carry through innovative activities.
Proceeded with the classic theory of management and based on a thoroughly study of post-PM evaluation and performance evaluation for organizations or enterprises,this paper is a study of the two core parts of "Evaluation Model for Innovative Activities in colleges" construction of Evaluation Index System and selection of Evaluation Method.
First of all,considering the existing problems like activities setting,resource allocation, time coordination,project outcome,the organization of evaluation and so on,the concept of PM and relative theory are introduced to explore the similarity and compatibility between innovative activities and programme management.It aims to help regulate the scientific management in all levels of student office departments by implementing the PM conception in innovative activities.
Second,based on principles in constructing index system like independence, representativeness,feasibility,comparability and pertinence,this paper deeply discussed relative concepts of post-PM evaluation and performance evaluation for organizations or enterprises.And a comprehensive analysis is made by referring to the features of innovative activities in colleges.On this basis,the evaluation content for innovative activities formed together with the frame for evaluation index system which comprises 4 levels of principles and 20 levels of index.In the process,subjective weight—AHP is adopted to calculate the index weight for each level,and to establish weight distribution table.Then work flow for Analytic Hierarchy Process—Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method is brought up and detailedly analysed and discussed.
By now,an evaluation model for innovative activities in colleges is systematically built based on all above.And finally take "The Second National Structural Design Competition for College Student" for example to verify and analyze the correctness of the model.
本文从项目管理经典理论入手,深入研究工程项目管理后评价和企业、组织绩效评价的相关知识,针对高校创新实践活动评价模型所包括的评价指标体系的构建和评价方法的选择这两个核心内容展开了研究。
首先,结合当前高校创新实践活动在活动设置、资源配置、时间协调、项目效果和组织评价等方面存在的问题,引入项目管理概念和相关理论的阐述与应用,探索高校创新实践活动与项目管理之间的相通与融合,将高校创新实践活动项目化管理的理念传输给高校学生工作处、各级团委部门,使之逐步落实,科学管理。
其次,依据构建指标体系的独立性、代表性、可行性、可比性和针对性等原则,本文对工程项目管理后评价和企业、组织绩效评价的相关理论和评价方法做了深入的研究。在此基础上,结合高校创新实践活动的特点,全面分析影响活动成功与否的主要因素,从而构建了高校创新实践活动的评价内容和由4个准则层、20个指标层构成的指标体系框架,并采用主观赋权——层次分析法(AHP)对各级指标权重进行了计算,进一步建立了权重分配表。然后,提出层次分析——模糊综合评价方法的工作流程,并对其数学模型的应用进行了分析和阐述。
最后,在前述工作的基础上系统地建立了高校创新实践活动的评价模型,并以第二届全国大学生结构设计竞赛为例,对模型的准确性进行了验证与分析。
Innovative activities is an important front as the "second class" which colleges and universities tend to open up,and are playing an important role in the university development. Almost all the colleges and universities want to excel itself in the fierce competition by exploring novel methods or models to carry through innovative activities.
Proceeded with the classic theory of management and based on a thoroughly study of post-PM evaluation and performance evaluation for organizations or enterprises,this paper is a study of the two core parts of "Evaluation Model for Innovative Activities in colleges" construction of Evaluation Index System and selection of Evaluation Method.
First of all,considering the existing problems like activities setting,resource allocation, time coordination,project outcome,the organization of evaluation and so on,the concept of PM and relative theory are introduced to explore the similarity and compatibility between innovative activities and programme management.It aims to help regulate the scientific management in all levels of student office departments by implementing the PM conception in innovative activities.
Second,based on principles in constructing index system like independence, representativeness,feasibility,comparability and pertinence,this paper deeply discussed relative concepts of post-PM evaluation and performance evaluation for organizations or enterprises.And a comprehensive analysis is made by referring to the features of innovative activities in colleges.On this basis,the evaluation content for innovative activities formed together with the frame for evaluation index system which comprises 4 levels of principles and 20 levels of index.In the process,subjective weight—AHP is adopted to calculate the index weight for each level,and to establish weight distribution table.Then work flow for Analytic Hierarchy Process—Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method is brought up and detailedly analysed and discussed.
By now,an evaluation model for innovative activities in colleges is systematically built based on all above.And finally take "The Second National Structural Design Competition for College Student" for example to verify and analyze the correctness of the model.
引文
[1]陈刚.投资项目后评价研究:(硕士学位论文).重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[2]吴之明,卢有杰.项目管理引论.北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[3]姚荣斌.基于项目管理的高校校园文化建设研究:(硕士学位论文).南京:南京理工大学,2007.
[4]陈文晖.项目管理的理论与实践.北京:机械工程出版社,2008.
[5]郭磊,姚伟龙.如何在大型学生活动中运用项目管理方法.成人教育,2008,(5):87-88.
[6]徐仲伟,朱方彬.项目化管理:课外活动管理的创新引擎——21世纪高校课外活动管理制度新实践.江南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2006,(4):107-109.
[7]戴绍松.大学生素质拓展活动项目管理探析.福建师范大学福清分校学报,2007,(1):108-111.
[8]Tom Kendrick.Controlling a Project When the Team Doesn't Report to You.New York:AMACOM,2006.
[9]宋伟.项目组织与团队管理.北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[10]曹友欣,王东生.基于激励因素分析的项目管理激励运作研究.现代企业教育,2007,(8):56-57.
[11]罗亚.素质拓展活动中项目管理的运用实践.河南广播电视大学学报,2006,(7):72-73.
[12]任新刚,罗伟.研究生校园文化活动项目管理模式的探索.山西高等学校社会科学学报,2007,(8):100-103.
[13]姜伟新,张三力.投资项目后评价.北京:中国石化出版社,2001.
[14]普雷母詹德.公共支出管理.北京:中国金融出版社,1995.
[15]张一驰.人力资源管理.北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
[16]孟建民.中国企业绩效评价.北京:中国财政经济出版社,2002.
[17]鲍良.公共投资项目绩效评价与管理体系——以京津风沙源治理工程项目为例:(博士学位论文).北京:中国地质大学,2008.
[18]王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论.北京:中国人民大学出版社,1988.
[19]高汝江,谷欣,焦立国.层次分析法在招标项目后评价中的应用.黑龙江水专学报,2005,(12):117-119.
[20]胡永宏,贺思辉.综合评价方法.北京:科学出版社,2000.
[21]白松梅,赵雪山.多种综合评价方法的优劣判断研究.数量经济技术经济研究,2000(7):45-48.
[22]S Butler,R Letza,et al.Linking the balanced scorecard to strategy,Long Range Planning,1997,(2):42-53.
[2]吴之明,卢有杰.项目管理引论.北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[3]姚荣斌.基于项目管理的高校校园文化建设研究:(硕士学位论文).南京:南京理工大学,2007.
[4]陈文晖.项目管理的理论与实践.北京:机械工程出版社,2008.
[5]郭磊,姚伟龙.如何在大型学生活动中运用项目管理方法.成人教育,2008,(5):87-88.
[6]徐仲伟,朱方彬.项目化管理:课外活动管理的创新引擎——21世纪高校课外活动管理制度新实践.江南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2006,(4):107-109.
[7]戴绍松.大学生素质拓展活动项目管理探析.福建师范大学福清分校学报,2007,(1):108-111.
[8]Tom Kendrick.Controlling a Project When the Team Doesn't Report to You.New York:AMACOM,2006.
[9]宋伟.项目组织与团队管理.北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[10]曹友欣,王东生.基于激励因素分析的项目管理激励运作研究.现代企业教育,2007,(8):56-57.
[11]罗亚.素质拓展活动中项目管理的运用实践.河南广播电视大学学报,2006,(7):72-73.
[12]任新刚,罗伟.研究生校园文化活动项目管理模式的探索.山西高等学校社会科学学报,2007,(8):100-103.
[13]姜伟新,张三力.投资项目后评价.北京:中国石化出版社,2001.
[14]普雷母詹德.公共支出管理.北京:中国金融出版社,1995.
[15]张一驰.人力资源管理.北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
[16]孟建民.中国企业绩效评价.北京:中国财政经济出版社,2002.
[17]鲍良.公共投资项目绩效评价与管理体系——以京津风沙源治理工程项目为例:(博士学位论文).北京:中国地质大学,2008.
[18]王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论.北京:中国人民大学出版社,1988.
[19]高汝江,谷欣,焦立国.层次分析法在招标项目后评价中的应用.黑龙江水专学报,2005,(12):117-119.
[20]胡永宏,贺思辉.综合评价方法.北京:科学出版社,2000.
[21]白松梅,赵雪山.多种综合评价方法的优劣判断研究.数量经济技术经济研究,2000(7):45-48.
[22]S Butler,R Letza,et al.Linking the balanced scorecard to strategy,Long Range Planning,1997,(2):42-53.
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