广西平果原生铝土矿矿石微观特征、地球化学特征及成矿环境格局研究
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摘要
广西平果原生铝土矿是平果矿区重要的后备资源,长期以来前人对原生矿的研究工作侧重于宏观成矿环境和成矿物质来源,原生矿的空间分布规律尚未被人们掌握。本论文在分析相关文献和已有资料的基础上,结合野外调查和室内分析、测试工作,对太平、那豆矿区原生铝土矿的矿石类型、结构构造、物质组成、地球化学特征进行综合研究分析,试图构建太平、那豆矿区原生矿的成矿环境格局,为矿山原生矿找矿工作提供理论依据。
主要开展的工作及取得的认识有：
1、根据矿石特征将原生铝土矿划分为三种类型,确定了不同矿石类型的空间分布特点为从SE-NW分布致密块状矿石、含砾矿石和少砾矿石,并总结了三种类型矿石微观特征。
2、利用显微镜和X射线衍射法确定了矿石的矿物组成,三类型矿石均含硬水铝石,锐钛矿、高岭石,不同类型矿石矿物组成存在差异：致密块状矿石中有少量黄铁矿,显示为还原环境；含砾矿石中绿泥石和褐铁矿同时出现,其形成环境相对氧化环境；少砾矿石中硬水铝石含量相对较低,且赤铁矿、针铁矿、高岭石的含量较高,显示为矿区氧化相对最强的环境。
3、对三种类型矿石进行了主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学分析,利用其地球化学特征示踪了矿区为偏陆相的成矿环境,并存在由致密块状矿石→含砾矿石→少砾矿石的形成环境具有从相对还原环境到氧化环境的空间变异。
4、三种类型矿石的结构构造、矿物组成及地球化学特征指示意义的比较分析表明这些指示意义能互相映证,结合其空间分布勾勒出太平、那豆矿区的成矿环境格局及三个分带,由SE端向NW端其氧化环境的程度逐渐增强,并对应水体→水陆交互→偏陆环境的变化。
Pingguo primary bauxite is an important reserve resources for a long time to the primary ore of the research focused on the macroeconomic environment and the forming material source, the spatial distribution of primary ore has not yet been mastered. In this thesis, on the base of the analysis of relevant papers and existing data, the author carry out the research on bauxite ore composition, structure and construction, geochemical characteristics and space distribution constraints by using X-ray diffraction, microscopic identification, main elment, trace elments, REE analysis and so on.
The main work and some new understanding as follows:
1.Basing on ore character analysis under the microscope, primary bauxite ore is divided into three types. The author identified the spatial distribution of different types of ore:distribution from SE to NW of dense massive ore, pebbly ore and containing a small amount of gravel ore, and summarized micro-characteristics of the three types ore.
2.Using microscopy and X-ray diffraction to determine the mineral composition of the ore, the three types of ore inclusive of diaspore, anatase, kaolinite, composed of different types of ore minerals are different:a small amount of dense massive pyrite ore, shown as reducing environment; pebbly chlorite and limonite ore simultaneously, and their formation environment is relatively oxidizing environment; little gravel content of the ore is relatively low diaspore and hematite, goethite, kaolinite higher levels, showing the relative oxidation of the strongest for the mining environment.
3.Through analyzing the major elments, trace elments, REE of the three types of ore, the author think the metallogenic environment of primary mine is terrestrial environment. And there by dense massive ore→pebbly ore→containing a small amount of gravel ore with the formation of ore from a relatively oxygen-free environment to oxidizing environment.
4. Making a comparative analysis of the ore composition, structure, construction and geochemical characteristics, it is found that all the referential meaning can corroborate each other. Combined with the spatial distribution of ore, the author sketched out space distribution constraints of Taiping and Nadou:from NW side to the SE side the extent of the oxidation environment gradually increased, and the corresponding surface water→interaction→partial land changes in the environment.
主要开展的工作及取得的认识有：
1、根据矿石特征将原生铝土矿划分为三种类型,确定了不同矿石类型的空间分布特点为从SE-NW分布致密块状矿石、含砾矿石和少砾矿石,并总结了三种类型矿石微观特征。
2、利用显微镜和X射线衍射法确定了矿石的矿物组成,三类型矿石均含硬水铝石,锐钛矿、高岭石,不同类型矿石矿物组成存在差异：致密块状矿石中有少量黄铁矿,显示为还原环境；含砾矿石中绿泥石和褐铁矿同时出现,其形成环境相对氧化环境；少砾矿石中硬水铝石含量相对较低,且赤铁矿、针铁矿、高岭石的含量较高,显示为矿区氧化相对最强的环境。
3、对三种类型矿石进行了主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学分析,利用其地球化学特征示踪了矿区为偏陆相的成矿环境,并存在由致密块状矿石→含砾矿石→少砾矿石的形成环境具有从相对还原环境到氧化环境的空间变异。
4、三种类型矿石的结构构造、矿物组成及地球化学特征指示意义的比较分析表明这些指示意义能互相映证,结合其空间分布勾勒出太平、那豆矿区的成矿环境格局及三个分带,由SE端向NW端其氧化环境的程度逐渐增强,并对应水体→水陆交互→偏陆环境的变化。
Pingguo primary bauxite is an important reserve resources for a long time to the primary ore of the research focused on the macroeconomic environment and the forming material source, the spatial distribution of primary ore has not yet been mastered. In this thesis, on the base of the analysis of relevant papers and existing data, the author carry out the research on bauxite ore composition, structure and construction, geochemical characteristics and space distribution constraints by using X-ray diffraction, microscopic identification, main elment, trace elments, REE analysis and so on.
The main work and some new understanding as follows:
1.Basing on ore character analysis under the microscope, primary bauxite ore is divided into three types. The author identified the spatial distribution of different types of ore:distribution from SE to NW of dense massive ore, pebbly ore and containing a small amount of gravel ore, and summarized micro-characteristics of the three types ore.
2.Using microscopy and X-ray diffraction to determine the mineral composition of the ore, the three types of ore inclusive of diaspore, anatase, kaolinite, composed of different types of ore minerals are different:a small amount of dense massive pyrite ore, shown as reducing environment; pebbly chlorite and limonite ore simultaneously, and their formation environment is relatively oxidizing environment; little gravel content of the ore is relatively low diaspore and hematite, goethite, kaolinite higher levels, showing the relative oxidation of the strongest for the mining environment.
3.Through analyzing the major elments, trace elments, REE of the three types of ore, the author think the metallogenic environment of primary mine is terrestrial environment. And there by dense massive ore→pebbly ore→containing a small amount of gravel ore with the formation of ore from a relatively oxygen-free environment to oxidizing environment.
4. Making a comparative analysis of the ore composition, structure, construction and geochemical characteristics, it is found that all the referential meaning can corroborate each other. Combined with the spatial distribution of ore, the author sketched out space distribution constraints of Taiping and Nadou:from NW side to the SE side the extent of the oxidation environment gradually increased, and the corresponding surface water→interaction→partial land changes in the environment.
引文
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[8]韩忠华.贵州道县大塘铝土矿沉积相特征[J].矿产与地质,2008,22(5)：428-432
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[10]龙永珍.桂西铝多金属矿矿床地质地球化学特征及综合利用研究：[博士论文].长沙：中南大学,2003
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