湖南韶山煤田上三叠统沉积环境及聚煤规律研究
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摘要
湖南东北部的韶山煤田位于扬子地台与华南褶皱带的拼接部位,区域构造格局和构造演化历史复杂,多期构造作用造就了其NNE向雁列式断裂系控制的盆、隆相间的含煤盆地。经过多年的开发利用,区内煤炭的保有储量严重不足。因此,有必要对区内主要的含煤岩系(上三叠统)进行科学地研究,总结其聚煤规律。这将对今后区内的找煤工作具有一定的指导意义。
本文是在综合前人研究成果、野外露头、钻孔、岩石样品测试分析等各种地质资料的基础上,应用煤盆地分析的方法与原理并结合地层学、沉积学、岩石学及层序地层学等理论完成的。对韶山煤田上三叠统含煤地层的岩石类型、岩性特征及沉积构造等进行了详细分析,并对该区进行了沉积体系的划分和系统的成因相组合分析。研究表明,上三叠统含煤地层主要为海湾-泻湖沉积体系,沉积相类型有潮坪、泻湖、障壁砂坝、泥炭沼泽等,揭示了沉积体系的沉积特征及空间分布规律。同时,编制了岩相古地理图。最后,根据研究区的古构造、古地理、古气候和古植物相互间的关系及沉积环境的演化,总结了聚煤规律,并指出了本区上三叠统今后找煤工作的优选区。
ShaoShan coalfield in the northeastern Hunan is situated on the jointing part of the Yangzi platform and South China folded belt, tectonics framework and structural evolution history are very complex, multiple staged structural actions have formed northeastern Hunan NNE en echelon system controlled basins and uplifts alternative coal-bearing basins. After it developed and utilized for several years, the retention of coal in this area is serious scarcity. Therefore, it needs to research scientifically to the main coal-bearing strata-Upper Triassic, and sum up the coal accumulation regular pattern. As it has some guiding significance to coal searching work in ShaoShan coalfield in the future.
The paper is finished by the method and principle of the coal basin analysis, and combining theoretics such as stratigraphy, sedimentology, petrology and sequence stratigraphy, based on all kinds of geologic documents such as predecessors'research fruits, the outcrop, drills data and by the means of test analysis of samples. This paper studies in detail on the rock type, lithologic characteristics and sedimentary structure, and divides the depositional system and analyzes systematically genetic facies association of coal-bearing strata of Upper Triassic in ShaoShan coalfield. It suggests the main depositional system is gulf-lagoon depositional system. The types of sedimentary facies include the tide flat, the lagoon, the barrier sand dam, peat marsh and so on. It reveals sedimentary characteristics and the law of spatial distribution of all kinds of sedimentary systems. Meanwhile, the paleogeography was reconstructed. Finally, it sums up the coal accumulation regular pattern, based on interrelationship of palaeotectonics, palaeogeography palaeoclimate, and palaeobotany, and evolution of sedimentary environment. And then points out the advantaged local section of Upper Triassic for coal searching work in the future.
本文是在综合前人研究成果、野外露头、钻孔、岩石样品测试分析等各种地质资料的基础上,应用煤盆地分析的方法与原理并结合地层学、沉积学、岩石学及层序地层学等理论完成的。对韶山煤田上三叠统含煤地层的岩石类型、岩性特征及沉积构造等进行了详细分析,并对该区进行了沉积体系的划分和系统的成因相组合分析。研究表明,上三叠统含煤地层主要为海湾-泻湖沉积体系,沉积相类型有潮坪、泻湖、障壁砂坝、泥炭沼泽等,揭示了沉积体系的沉积特征及空间分布规律。同时,编制了岩相古地理图。最后,根据研究区的古构造、古地理、古气候和古植物相互间的关系及沉积环境的演化,总结了聚煤规律,并指出了本区上三叠统今后找煤工作的优选区。
ShaoShan coalfield in the northeastern Hunan is situated on the jointing part of the Yangzi platform and South China folded belt, tectonics framework and structural evolution history are very complex, multiple staged structural actions have formed northeastern Hunan NNE en echelon system controlled basins and uplifts alternative coal-bearing basins. After it developed and utilized for several years, the retention of coal in this area is serious scarcity. Therefore, it needs to research scientifically to the main coal-bearing strata-Upper Triassic, and sum up the coal accumulation regular pattern. As it has some guiding significance to coal searching work in ShaoShan coalfield in the future.
The paper is finished by the method and principle of the coal basin analysis, and combining theoretics such as stratigraphy, sedimentology, petrology and sequence stratigraphy, based on all kinds of geologic documents such as predecessors'research fruits, the outcrop, drills data and by the means of test analysis of samples. This paper studies in detail on the rock type, lithologic characteristics and sedimentary structure, and divides the depositional system and analyzes systematically genetic facies association of coal-bearing strata of Upper Triassic in ShaoShan coalfield. It suggests the main depositional system is gulf-lagoon depositional system. The types of sedimentary facies include the tide flat, the lagoon, the barrier sand dam, peat marsh and so on. It reveals sedimentary characteristics and the law of spatial distribution of all kinds of sedimentary systems. Meanwhile, the paleogeography was reconstructed. Finally, it sums up the coal accumulation regular pattern, based on interrelationship of palaeotectonics, palaeogeography palaeoclimate, and palaeobotany, and evolution of sedimentary environment. And then points out the advantaged local section of Upper Triassic for coal searching work in the future.
引文
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