川西北江油、剑阁地区长兴（大隆）组沉积特征研究
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摘要
本文以碳酸盐岩沉积学、石油地质学、储层地质学国内外最新研究进展为理论指导,以野外剖面和岩样薄片为主要研究对象,采用多学科、多技术的综合分析方法,对川西北江油、剑阁地区上二叠统长兴组及大隆组的代表性剖面进行了研究,重点研究了其沉积相的主要特征及主要成岩作用及其对储层的影响。最后,对长兴组生物礁、滩发育和分布规律进行了总结,并对生物礁滩体含油气前景进行了预测。
区内长兴组主要岩性几乎为各种生屑泥粒岩,仅底部数层内含少量白云质,内部散布了大量海百合、海绵、腹足、腕足、有孔虫、藻类等生物碎屑。大隆组由于其是与长兴组同时异相的深水沉积,因此其岩性则较为统一:几乎一致为黑灰色灰泥岩与泥质条带互层或偶夹泥质条带,生物则以放射虫及海绵骨针为主,此外,偶尔可见少量海百合碎片和腕足刺。研究区内上二叠统长兴组储层的储集空间类型组合主要由生物体腔孔、晶间孔、晶间溶孔、晶内溶孔及裂缝等组成;而大隆组储集性因水深原因导致岩层硅化严重而十分不佳。
研究表明,自晚二叠世长兴组沉积初期以来,广元—梁平海湾属于上扬子台地内部产生的裂谷型同沉积拉张性断裂形成的海湾,江油二郎庙地区鱼洞梁和坪上长兴组剖面发育浅水开阔台地及潮坪沉积,其间有生屑滩沉积,在坪上剖面见有尚未发育成熟的海绵生物礁;研究区北部的剑阁长江沟剖面则发育与长兴组同时异相的大隆组深水沉积,富含海绵骨针和放射虫。长兴组主要储集空间类型为粒间溶孔、晶间孔、裂缝型洞穴、构造缝及溶蚀缝等。总之,川西北广元—旺苍海湾边缘礁位于江油二郎庙与广元下寺之间,长兴组深埋地腹,是勘探地下生物礁—滩组合的有利地区。
In this paper, the Changxing (Dalong) formation’s stratigraphy, lithology, sedimentary diagenesis and reservoir characteristics in upper Permian, have been painstaking researched in northwest region of Sichuan. The research by the theoretical guidance of carbonate sedimentology and petroleum geology, reservoir geology, and the latest research progress at home and abroad, with the research object to profiles and thinsections. Focusing on the sedimentary facies of the main features, the main role of diagenetic reservoir. Finally, I made a summary on Changxing reef, beach development and distribution regular pattern, predicted the oil and gas prospects of reef body too.
In our research area, the lithology of the Changxing formation is dominated by bioclastic pack-stone which contains many organisms, such as sponges, crinoideas, gastropods, brachiopodas, foraminiferas and so on. The Dalong formation is different from Changxing formation by sedimentary facies but identical in time. It is marked by a deep water sediments which are formed by black mud-stone and have many kinds of organisms dominated by sponge spicules. The reservoir of the Changxing formation has different types of the pore space which mainly includes intergranular pore, biologic framework pore and fracture. While the quality of the reservoir in the Dalong formation is bad because the silication.
Research shows that since from the initial deposition stage of Late Permian Changxing formation, Guangyuan–Liangping area is a gulf which formed by the rift-type synsedimentary fault in Upper Yangtze Platform. Tidal flat and open platform (with bioclastic shoal)have developed on profiles of Jiangyou Changxing Yudongliang and Pingshan Changxing formation. Immature sponge reefs have been also developed on Pingshang profile. Jiange Changjianggou profile have developed deep water deposits (rich in sponge spicules and radiolarians) on Dalong Formation, whose age is same to Changxing formation. Main types of storage space are intergranular dissolution pores, intergranular pore, fracture-type caves, structural fratures and dissolution fratures. In a word, reefs on the edge of Guangyuan - wangcang Gulf located on the Guangyuan Erlangmiao in Jiangyou and Xiasi in Guangyuan where Changxing Formation is deep buried, are a favorable layer for exploration of underground reef -beach combination.
区内长兴组主要岩性几乎为各种生屑泥粒岩,仅底部数层内含少量白云质,内部散布了大量海百合、海绵、腹足、腕足、有孔虫、藻类等生物碎屑。大隆组由于其是与长兴组同时异相的深水沉积,因此其岩性则较为统一:几乎一致为黑灰色灰泥岩与泥质条带互层或偶夹泥质条带,生物则以放射虫及海绵骨针为主,此外,偶尔可见少量海百合碎片和腕足刺。研究区内上二叠统长兴组储层的储集空间类型组合主要由生物体腔孔、晶间孔、晶间溶孔、晶内溶孔及裂缝等组成;而大隆组储集性因水深原因导致岩层硅化严重而十分不佳。
研究表明,自晚二叠世长兴组沉积初期以来,广元—梁平海湾属于上扬子台地内部产生的裂谷型同沉积拉张性断裂形成的海湾,江油二郎庙地区鱼洞梁和坪上长兴组剖面发育浅水开阔台地及潮坪沉积,其间有生屑滩沉积,在坪上剖面见有尚未发育成熟的海绵生物礁;研究区北部的剑阁长江沟剖面则发育与长兴组同时异相的大隆组深水沉积,富含海绵骨针和放射虫。长兴组主要储集空间类型为粒间溶孔、晶间孔、裂缝型洞穴、构造缝及溶蚀缝等。总之,川西北广元—旺苍海湾边缘礁位于江油二郎庙与广元下寺之间,长兴组深埋地腹,是勘探地下生物礁—滩组合的有利地区。
In this paper, the Changxing (Dalong) formation’s stratigraphy, lithology, sedimentary diagenesis and reservoir characteristics in upper Permian, have been painstaking researched in northwest region of Sichuan. The research by the theoretical guidance of carbonate sedimentology and petroleum geology, reservoir geology, and the latest research progress at home and abroad, with the research object to profiles and thinsections. Focusing on the sedimentary facies of the main features, the main role of diagenetic reservoir. Finally, I made a summary on Changxing reef, beach development and distribution regular pattern, predicted the oil and gas prospects of reef body too.
In our research area, the lithology of the Changxing formation is dominated by bioclastic pack-stone which contains many organisms, such as sponges, crinoideas, gastropods, brachiopodas, foraminiferas and so on. The Dalong formation is different from Changxing formation by sedimentary facies but identical in time. It is marked by a deep water sediments which are formed by black mud-stone and have many kinds of organisms dominated by sponge spicules. The reservoir of the Changxing formation has different types of the pore space which mainly includes intergranular pore, biologic framework pore and fracture. While the quality of the reservoir in the Dalong formation is bad because the silication.
Research shows that since from the initial deposition stage of Late Permian Changxing formation, Guangyuan–Liangping area is a gulf which formed by the rift-type synsedimentary fault in Upper Yangtze Platform. Tidal flat and open platform (with bioclastic shoal)have developed on profiles of Jiangyou Changxing Yudongliang and Pingshan Changxing formation. Immature sponge reefs have been also developed on Pingshang profile. Jiange Changjianggou profile have developed deep water deposits (rich in sponge spicules and radiolarians) on Dalong Formation, whose age is same to Changxing formation. Main types of storage space are intergranular dissolution pores, intergranular pore, fracture-type caves, structural fratures and dissolution fratures. In a word, reefs on the edge of Guangyuan - wangcang Gulf located on the Guangyuan Erlangmiao in Jiangyou and Xiasi in Guangyuan where Changxing Formation is deep buried, are a favorable layer for exploration of underground reef -beach combination.
引文
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