全并联供电保护控制方式研究
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摘要
我国铁路建设正在向高速、重载铁路快速进展,牵引负荷增加,使得牵引网电压下降。目前复线区段一般采用在供电臂末端通过分区所将上下行接触网并联的供电方式,已经不能完全满足接触网导流能力和电力机车工作电压的需要,若将馈线供电臂长度进一步缩短,会导致牵引变电所数量增加、电分相装置也就更密集。不但使牵引供电系统和外部电源建设投资增加,同时给电力机车运行带来更大困难。为此,必需研究、采用新的牵引供电方式——全并联供电方式。
本文首先给出了全并联供电方式的概念,简要分析了其工作机理。对分开单边供电、末端并联供电及全并联供电的接触网阻抗进行计算比较,得出全并联供电方式下牵引网阻抗最小。全并联供电方式是通过在接触网中接入并联所来实现的。相关研究人员提出了三种并联所主接线形式的备选方案：单纯并联所、半分段并联所、全分段关联所。笔者分别对这三种接线形式进行了分析,并计算出这三种接线形式下接触网计划停电检修时的牵引网阻抗,进而比较出最优方案。
针对选定的全分段并联所方案,分析其每个供电分区的故障情况,研究讨论其保护配置方案,并给出了相关保护的整定计算原则。然后对全分段并联所各组合开关的控制及组合开关之间的逻辑控制关系进行分析,确定其控制方案。
最后分析全分段并联所的实现过程。确定全分段并联所在接触网的安装位置及接入方式。给出全分段并联所的结构类型。分析了主要设备的具体控制过程,完成并联所电气原理图的绘制。
China's railway construction characteristic of high-speed and heavy load is developing rapidly nowadays. Therefore traction loads increase increase severely, which makes traction electric network voltage decrease enormously. The power supply mode, which is up and down contact lines paralleled via section posts at the end of power arms, used in double track railways now cannot meet the capacity of contact lines'conductivity and electric locomotives'operating voltage. If the power supply arm length is further shortened, the number of substations will increase and device in neutral sections will become more intensive. This will not only invest more money in the traction power supply system and the construction of external power supply, but also bring more difficulties to run electric locomotives. Therefore, we must study and adopt new traction power supply-all parallel power supply.
First, this paper introduced all sub-parallel power supply and analyzed its working principles. Then it made a comparison about the impedance value between separate unilateral power supply, end parallel power supply and all parallel power supply concluding the value of all sub-parallel wiring the smallest. Three options of the parallel power supply's wiring:a simple parallel wiring, semi-sub-parallel wiring and all sub-parallel wiring were proposed in order to realize all sub-parallel power supply. According to the three wring types, the impedance value of each circuit was calculated when contact network was at both normal and abnormal operation, and then came to an optimal solution.
In terms of the all sub-parallel power supply, the paper analyzed the fault of each power supply section, and discussed the program of protection and the relatively protection setting calculation. Then, it discussed the controlling of combination switch and the relationship between the combined switches'logic controlling, arriving at a controlling scheme.
At the end of the paper, the parallel device's installation location and access mode was settled and its structure was given. Then it discussed the process of the main control and completed the electrical schematics drawing. Key word Traction power supply system; All parallel power supply;
Feeder protection; Engineering design
本文首先给出了全并联供电方式的概念,简要分析了其工作机理。对分开单边供电、末端并联供电及全并联供电的接触网阻抗进行计算比较,得出全并联供电方式下牵引网阻抗最小。全并联供电方式是通过在接触网中接入并联所来实现的。相关研究人员提出了三种并联所主接线形式的备选方案：单纯并联所、半分段并联所、全分段关联所。笔者分别对这三种接线形式进行了分析,并计算出这三种接线形式下接触网计划停电检修时的牵引网阻抗,进而比较出最优方案。
针对选定的全分段并联所方案,分析其每个供电分区的故障情况,研究讨论其保护配置方案,并给出了相关保护的整定计算原则。然后对全分段并联所各组合开关的控制及组合开关之间的逻辑控制关系进行分析,确定其控制方案。
最后分析全分段并联所的实现过程。确定全分段并联所在接触网的安装位置及接入方式。给出全分段并联所的结构类型。分析了主要设备的具体控制过程,完成并联所电气原理图的绘制。
China's railway construction characteristic of high-speed and heavy load is developing rapidly nowadays. Therefore traction loads increase increase severely, which makes traction electric network voltage decrease enormously. The power supply mode, which is up and down contact lines paralleled via section posts at the end of power arms, used in double track railways now cannot meet the capacity of contact lines'conductivity and electric locomotives'operating voltage. If the power supply arm length is further shortened, the number of substations will increase and device in neutral sections will become more intensive. This will not only invest more money in the traction power supply system and the construction of external power supply, but also bring more difficulties to run electric locomotives. Therefore, we must study and adopt new traction power supply-all parallel power supply.
First, this paper introduced all sub-parallel power supply and analyzed its working principles. Then it made a comparison about the impedance value between separate unilateral power supply, end parallel power supply and all parallel power supply concluding the value of all sub-parallel wiring the smallest. Three options of the parallel power supply's wiring:a simple parallel wiring, semi-sub-parallel wiring and all sub-parallel wiring were proposed in order to realize all sub-parallel power supply. According to the three wring types, the impedance value of each circuit was calculated when contact network was at both normal and abnormal operation, and then came to an optimal solution.
In terms of the all sub-parallel power supply, the paper analyzed the fault of each power supply section, and discussed the program of protection and the relatively protection setting calculation. Then, it discussed the controlling of combination switch and the relationship between the combined switches'logic controlling, arriving at a controlling scheme.
At the end of the paper, the parallel device's installation location and access mode was settled and its structure was given. Then it discussed the process of the main control and completed the electrical schematics drawing. Key word Traction power supply system; All parallel power supply;
Feeder protection; Engineering design
引文
[1]李群湛、贺建闽编著.牵引供电系统分析[M].西南交通大学出版社,2007
[2]电气化铁道设计手册：牵引供电系统.北京：中国铁道出版社,1988
[3]渡边宽.交流电气化铁道牵引供电系统继电保护.北京：中国铁道出版社1981
[4]贺威俊,高仕斌,张淑琴,王勋.电力牵引供变电技术[M].西南交通大学出版社,2007
[5]谭秀炳.铁路电力与牵引供电系统继电保护[M].西南交通大学出版社2007
[6]杨奇逊.微型机继电保护基础(第二版).中国电力出版社,2005
[7]冯金柱.中国电气化铁路50年[J].铁道知识.2008
[8]谭秀炳.交流电气化铁道牵引供电系统[M].第二版.西南交通大学出版社2007
[9]汪自成.高速铁路牵引变电所接线分析[J].电气化铁道,2005
[10]国电南京自动化股份有限公司WXB-65ZHB微机馈线保护测控装置技术说明书.2010
[11]高仕斌.高速铁路牵引供电系统新型保护原理研究[D].西南交通大学博士学位论文,2004
[12]熊列彬.全并联AT供电方式下供电臂保护控制方案[J].电力系统自动化,2006,(22)：73-76
[13]王继芳.全并联AT供电牵引网故障测距研究[D].西南交通大学,2006
[14]C. Courois. Why the 2×25kV alternative [J]. IEEE Colloquium on 50kV autotransformer traction supply system-French Experience (Part4), Nov.1993:1-4
[15]B. Sehwob. Economic justification of the TGV and development of the high Speed rail system [J]. International Conference on Main Line Railway Electrification,1989:7-11
[16]G. Petit. Evolution of the Electrical equipment of TGV train sets [J]. International Conference on main Line Railway Electrification,1989:403-407
[17]Hirofumi Fujie. Fault locator system in autotransformer feeding circuit of AC electric railway [J]. Quarterly Report of the Railway Technical Research Institute,1997,18(3):33-38
[18]R. Natarajan, John Popoff. Analysis of Grounding Systems for Electric Traction [J]. IEEE Traction on Power Delivery,2001, VOL.16 (NO.3)
[19]缪耀珊.上下行AT牵引网在ATP实行并联的电能节约[J].电气化铁道2004,(06)
[20]丁丽娜.高速铁路供电系统保护配置[D].西南交通大学,2005
[21]邓云川.高速铁路牵引供电系统相关问题的分析与研究[D].西南交通大学,2005
[22]喻奇.客运专线牵引供电系统电气模型的研究[D].西南交通大学,2009
[23]朱飞雄,张伟.哈大线牵引供电系统及其特点[J].电气化铁道,1999,(01)
[24]侯树清.哈大线牵引供电设计特点[J].中国铁路,2003,(08)
[25]哈大线电气化工程特点[J].中国铁路,2001,(04)
[26]胡建侠.哈大线电气化铁路工程施工特点[J].中国铁路,2003,(10)
[27]范陆军,王勇.哈大线220kV牵引变电所采用的新技术[J].电气化铁道,2002,(02)
[28]黄绍平,金国彬,李玲.成套开关设备实用技术[M].机械工业出版社,2007
[29]王进.全并联供电方式下微机馈线保护的整定[A].中国铁道学会电气化委员会2006年学术会议论文集[C],2006
[30]林国松.牵引供电系统新型保护与测距原理研究[D].西南交通大学,2010
[31]武玉明,张春燕.牵引网电压过低的解决方案[J].电气化铁道,2006,(04)
[32]E. Pio, L. Roueo, A. Femandez. A reduced representation of 2×25kV electrical systems for high-speed railways. Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE/ASME Joint Rail Conference.2003(4):199-205
[33]Andrea Mariseotti. Distribution of the Traction Return Current in AC and DC Electric Railway Systems. IEEE TRANSACTIONON POWER DELIVER, 18(4):1422-142
[34]R. Cella, Giuseppe GiangasPero, A. Mariseotti, A. Montepagano, P. Pozzobon, M. Ruseelli, M.Vailti. Measurement of AT electric railway system currents at Power-supply frequency and validation of a multiconductor transmission-line model. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Volume21, Issue3, July 2006:1721-172
[35]Ibrahim Senol, Halak Gorgun, M. Gurkan Aydeniz, General Comparison of The Electrical Transportation Systems That Are Fed With 1×25kV or 2×25kV and Expectations From These system.9th Mediterranean Electro Technical Conference, Mediterranean, Israel,1998:885-887
[36]S. Sokolov, M. Mushkin, V. Zhivs, Sovier Train for High-speed Service, International Rail-way Journal, August 1974 page(s) 21-34
[37]A. Msriscoth, P. Pozzobon, M. Vanti. Distribution of the traction return current in AT Electric railway systems. IEEE Transaction on power Delivery, Volume 20, Issue3, July 2005:2119-2128
[38]N. Golovanov, GC. Lazaroiu, M.Roseia, D. Aninelli, Voltage Unbalance Vulnerability Areas in Power system supplying High-speed Railway. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting,2005:1-6
[39]黄建平.高速铁路牵引供电系统馈线保护研究[D].武汉理工大学,2009
[40]王继芳.全并联AT供电牵引网故障测距研究[D].西南交通大学,2006
[41]李向国.高速铁路技术[M].中国铁道出版社,2005
[42]简克良主编.电力系统分析[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,1993.12
[43]鲍英豪.全并联AT供电系统馈线保护与故障测距方案研究[D].西南交通大学,2008
[44]彭晨.高速铁路AT牵引供电系统的保护配置与整定[D].西南交通大学,2009
[45]何俊文.牵引供电系统负荷过程仿真[D].西南交通大学,2010
[46]J. P. Menuet. The autotransformer and other equipment.50kW Autotransformer Traction Supply Systems-the French Experience, IEE Colloquium.9 Nov 1993: Page(s):3/1-3/4
[47]P. C. Tan, P. C. Loh, D. G. Holmes. High-Performance Harmonic Extraction Algorithm for a 25 kW Traction Power Quality Conditioner. Electric Power Applications, ICE Proceedings,2004, Volume 151 (Issue 5):Page(s) 505-512
[48]W. Staudt, C. Heising, A. Steimel. Advanced simulation concept for the power train of an AC locomotive and its verification. Power Electronics,2007. ICPE 07.7th International Conference on 22-26 Oct 2007:Page(s) 866-870
[49]T. Kneschke, P. Mbika. Determination of traction power distribution system impedances and susceptances for AC railroad electrification systems. Rail Conference,2004.Proceedings of the 2004 ASME/IEEE Joint.6-8 April 2004: Page(s) 27-34
[50].T. K. Ho, Y. L. Chi, J. Wang, K. K. Leung. Load flow in electrified railway. Power Electronics, Machines and Drives,2004. Second International Conference on (Conf.Publ.No.498).31 March-2 April 2004, Volume 2:Page(s) 498-503
[51]电气简图用图形符号国家标准汇编[M].中国标准出版社,2001,(04)
[52]刘增良,刘国亭.电气工程CAD[M].中国水利水电出版社,2005
[53]李之乐.世界电气化铁道发展概况[J].电气化铁道,2004,(03)
[54]王猛.AT所全并联供电方式牵引网电压损失分析[A].中国铁道学会—2004年度学术活动优秀论文评奖论文集[C],2005
[55]刘兴学.全并联AT牵引供电方式继电保护配置的研究[J].电气化铁道,2007,(02)
[56]AT和BT供电方式简介[J].铁道工程学报,1986,(02)
[57]辛成山.27.5kV供电的AT供电系统性能分析[J].电气化铁道,2002,(02)
[2]电气化铁道设计手册：牵引供电系统.北京：中国铁道出版社,1988
[3]渡边宽.交流电气化铁道牵引供电系统继电保护.北京：中国铁道出版社1981
[4]贺威俊,高仕斌,张淑琴,王勋.电力牵引供变电技术[M].西南交通大学出版社,2007
[5]谭秀炳.铁路电力与牵引供电系统继电保护[M].西南交通大学出版社2007
[6]杨奇逊.微型机继电保护基础(第二版).中国电力出版社,2005
[7]冯金柱.中国电气化铁路50年[J].铁道知识.2008
[8]谭秀炳.交流电气化铁道牵引供电系统[M].第二版.西南交通大学出版社2007
[9]汪自成.高速铁路牵引变电所接线分析[J].电气化铁道,2005
[10]国电南京自动化股份有限公司WXB-65ZHB微机馈线保护测控装置技术说明书.2010
[11]高仕斌.高速铁路牵引供电系统新型保护原理研究[D].西南交通大学博士学位论文,2004
[12]熊列彬.全并联AT供电方式下供电臂保护控制方案[J].电力系统自动化,2006,(22)：73-76
[13]王继芳.全并联AT供电牵引网故障测距研究[D].西南交通大学,2006
[14]C. Courois. Why the 2×25kV alternative [J]. IEEE Colloquium on 50kV autotransformer traction supply system-French Experience (Part4), Nov.1993:1-4
[15]B. Sehwob. Economic justification of the TGV and development of the high Speed rail system [J]. International Conference on Main Line Railway Electrification,1989:7-11
[16]G. Petit. Evolution of the Electrical equipment of TGV train sets [J]. International Conference on main Line Railway Electrification,1989:403-407
[17]Hirofumi Fujie. Fault locator system in autotransformer feeding circuit of AC electric railway [J]. Quarterly Report of the Railway Technical Research Institute,1997,18(3):33-38
[18]R. Natarajan, John Popoff. Analysis of Grounding Systems for Electric Traction [J]. IEEE Traction on Power Delivery,2001, VOL.16 (NO.3)
[19]缪耀珊.上下行AT牵引网在ATP实行并联的电能节约[J].电气化铁道2004,(06)
[20]丁丽娜.高速铁路供电系统保护配置[D].西南交通大学,2005
[21]邓云川.高速铁路牵引供电系统相关问题的分析与研究[D].西南交通大学,2005
[22]喻奇.客运专线牵引供电系统电气模型的研究[D].西南交通大学,2009
[23]朱飞雄,张伟.哈大线牵引供电系统及其特点[J].电气化铁道,1999,(01)
[24]侯树清.哈大线牵引供电设计特点[J].中国铁路,2003,(08)
[25]哈大线电气化工程特点[J].中国铁路,2001,(04)
[26]胡建侠.哈大线电气化铁路工程施工特点[J].中国铁路,2003,(10)
[27]范陆军,王勇.哈大线220kV牵引变电所采用的新技术[J].电气化铁道,2002,(02)
[28]黄绍平,金国彬,李玲.成套开关设备实用技术[M].机械工业出版社,2007
[29]王进.全并联供电方式下微机馈线保护的整定[A].中国铁道学会电气化委员会2006年学术会议论文集[C],2006
[30]林国松.牵引供电系统新型保护与测距原理研究[D].西南交通大学,2010
[31]武玉明,张春燕.牵引网电压过低的解决方案[J].电气化铁道,2006,(04)
[32]E. Pio, L. Roueo, A. Femandez. A reduced representation of 2×25kV electrical systems for high-speed railways. Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE/ASME Joint Rail Conference.2003(4):199-205
[33]Andrea Mariseotti. Distribution of the Traction Return Current in AC and DC Electric Railway Systems. IEEE TRANSACTIONON POWER DELIVER, 18(4):1422-142
[34]R. Cella, Giuseppe GiangasPero, A. Mariseotti, A. Montepagano, P. Pozzobon, M. Ruseelli, M.Vailti. Measurement of AT electric railway system currents at Power-supply frequency and validation of a multiconductor transmission-line model. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Volume21, Issue3, July 2006:1721-172
[35]Ibrahim Senol, Halak Gorgun, M. Gurkan Aydeniz, General Comparison of The Electrical Transportation Systems That Are Fed With 1×25kV or 2×25kV and Expectations From These system.9th Mediterranean Electro Technical Conference, Mediterranean, Israel,1998:885-887
[36]S. Sokolov, M. Mushkin, V. Zhivs, Sovier Train for High-speed Service, International Rail-way Journal, August 1974 page(s) 21-34
[37]A. Msriscoth, P. Pozzobon, M. Vanti. Distribution of the traction return current in AT Electric railway systems. IEEE Transaction on power Delivery, Volume 20, Issue3, July 2005:2119-2128
[38]N. Golovanov, GC. Lazaroiu, M.Roseia, D. Aninelli, Voltage Unbalance Vulnerability Areas in Power system supplying High-speed Railway. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting,2005:1-6
[39]黄建平.高速铁路牵引供电系统馈线保护研究[D].武汉理工大学,2009
[40]王继芳.全并联AT供电牵引网故障测距研究[D].西南交通大学,2006
[41]李向国.高速铁路技术[M].中国铁道出版社,2005
[42]简克良主编.电力系统分析[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,1993.12
[43]鲍英豪.全并联AT供电系统馈线保护与故障测距方案研究[D].西南交通大学,2008
[44]彭晨.高速铁路AT牵引供电系统的保护配置与整定[D].西南交通大学,2009
[45]何俊文.牵引供电系统负荷过程仿真[D].西南交通大学,2010
[46]J. P. Menuet. The autotransformer and other equipment.50kW Autotransformer Traction Supply Systems-the French Experience, IEE Colloquium.9 Nov 1993: Page(s):3/1-3/4
[47]P. C. Tan, P. C. Loh, D. G. Holmes. High-Performance Harmonic Extraction Algorithm for a 25 kW Traction Power Quality Conditioner. Electric Power Applications, ICE Proceedings,2004, Volume 151 (Issue 5):Page(s) 505-512
[48]W. Staudt, C. Heising, A. Steimel. Advanced simulation concept for the power train of an AC locomotive and its verification. Power Electronics,2007. ICPE 07.7th International Conference on 22-26 Oct 2007:Page(s) 866-870
[49]T. Kneschke, P. Mbika. Determination of traction power distribution system impedances and susceptances for AC railroad electrification systems. Rail Conference,2004.Proceedings of the 2004 ASME/IEEE Joint.6-8 April 2004: Page(s) 27-34
[50].T. K. Ho, Y. L. Chi, J. Wang, K. K. Leung. Load flow in electrified railway. Power Electronics, Machines and Drives,2004. Second International Conference on (Conf.Publ.No.498).31 March-2 April 2004, Volume 2:Page(s) 498-503
[51]电气简图用图形符号国家标准汇编[M].中国标准出版社,2001,(04)
[52]刘增良,刘国亭.电气工程CAD[M].中国水利水电出版社,2005
[53]李之乐.世界电气化铁道发展概况[J].电气化铁道,2004,(03)
[54]王猛.AT所全并联供电方式牵引网电压损失分析[A].中国铁道学会—2004年度学术活动优秀论文评奖论文集[C],2005
[55]刘兴学.全并联AT牵引供电方式继电保护配置的研究[J].电气化铁道,2007,(02)
[56]AT和BT供电方式简介[J].铁道工程学报,1986,(02)
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