太平岭火山岩带爆破角砾岩（型）钼铜、金矿成矿条件与找矿模型
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摘要
研究区地处佳木斯地台南缘，西临敦密断裂。成矿区划上属于古亚洲成矿域，吉黑成矿省，太平岭成矿带。是吉黑东部与晚侏罗—早白垩世火山—次火山岩浆活动有关的金及多金属成矿远景区之一。
本次研究的目的，分析太平岭火山岩带与隐爆角砾岩筒密切相关的中~酸性次火山岩成因。研究区内角砾岩(筒)的特征及分类。根据成矿年代因素、火山~次火山岩因素、物理化学条件因素、成矿物质来源因素，研究隐爆角砾岩（筒）型矿床成矿条件。通过对典型矿床地质特征、地球物理特征、地球化学特征及遥感影像特征的研究，总结区内控矿规律，提取综合找矿信息，建立找矿模型。为区内进一步的矿产勘查工作提供依据。
研究区内岩石化学特征显示次火山岩为一套属钙碱性系列的过铝质—偏铝质岩石。分析认为成岩的的大地构造环境为岛弧（或活动陆缘）型挤压造山环境向造山后拉张环境转换的阶段。根据角砾岩（筒）典型矿床的具体特征，将其分为两个大类：与中性岩体有关的角砾岩筒、与酸性岩体有关的角砾岩(筒)，并且中性岩体隐爆角砾岩筒与Au元素成矿相关，酸性岩体角砾岩(筒)与Cu、Mo多金属成矿相关。
金场沟铜钼矿花岗闪长斑岩，采用激光探针U-Pb法测年，加权平均年龄为114.08±0.82Ma。结合区内其他矿床的测年资料，得出研究区内同类型矿床成矿时代基本集中在96.9-118.9Ma间。同位素及微量元素显示成矿物质来源具壳幔混染特征，成矿热液主要具岩浆水特征，并混染了一定的大气水。流体包裹体测试显示其成矿温度在60°~550°之间，推测其成矿深度为0.6~2.5km.研究认为鸡东金场沟铜钼金矿是与酸性岩体有关的隐爆角砾岩筒。金厂金矿是与中性岩体有关的隐爆角砾岩筒。
太平岭火山岩带隐爆角砾岩（筒）矿床主要控矿因素为多期构造活动和燕山期中~酸性岩浆活动。构造为主导，燕山期中酸性岩浆活动为决定因素。浅成—超浅成和次火山侵入岩类其地质地球化学特征及成矿专属性与以金、铜等多金属为主的成矿作用关系密切，是重要的找矿标志。断裂交汇部位控制着火山喷发中心和次火山—浅成相岩体的空间分布。黄松群浅变质岩是区内矿床的主要围岩，主要岩性为二云片岩，与中~酸性浅成侵入岩的接触部位可以作为区内的找矿标志。筒内出现的蚀变组合以硅化—黄铁矿化—绢云母化和绢云母花—高岭土化组合为主，同时也具较强钾化、碳酸盐化、绿泥石化等蚀变。
1/5万~1/10万水系沉积物测量，圈出Cu-Pb-Zn-Mo-Au-Ag-As组合异常是寻找金及多金属矿床的重要远景区，土壤地球化学异常与隐爆角砾岩筒具一定对应关系。近矿元素Cu、Mo、Au、Ag等的地球化学异常呈环状分带特征。航磁和重力是圈定与隐爆角砾岩筒相关的隐伏中~酸性岩体的重要方法。角砾岩筒内部矿化或存在矿体的部位显示的是低阻高极化特征。矿体的上部呈现的是联剖正交点；而且ρs测深断面等值线变化特征与岩筒倾斜及倾角较陡的特征相符合。隐爆角砾岩型矿脉（体）均分布于大环构造边缘附近、大环与小环构造交切部位、断裂与环形构造组成的“φ”型构造部位。综合上述各种资料，建立区内含矿隐爆角砾岩筒“地质-地球物理-地球化学-遥感”综合方法找矿模式
The study area is south margin of Jiamusi Terrain, bordered by the Dunmi faultedzone, which metallogenetic division belongs to Palaeo-Asian metallogenic domain, Jilinand Heilongjiang metallogenic provinces and Tai Ping Ling metallogenic belt. Thisregion is one of gold and polymetallic metallogenic prospecting areas related to avolcano-magmatic activity during late Jurassic and the early stage in eastern Jilin andHeilongjiang provinces.
The aim of this paper is to analyze the cause of acid subvolcanic rock closely relatedto crypto-explosive breccia pipe in Tai Ping Ling volcanic rock zone and thecharacteristic and classification of breccia pipe in study area. In condition, based onore-forming age, volcanic and sub-volcanic rock, physicochemical property and genesisof this deposit, it aims to study the geological characteristics of crypto-explosive brecciatype deposit. Thought spot investigation in typical deposit, this paper generalizes theore-control regularity, prospecting indications and information from geophysics,geochemistry and remote sensing in study area so as to build prospecting model andprovide important evidence for future prospecting in the area.
According to the petrochemical characteristics, subvolcanic rocks in this areabelongs to metaluminous to peraluminous and calc-alkaline series.Geochemicalcharacteristics and regional tectonic evolution background indicate that the rocks formedin island arc（active continental margin）type from compressive orogenic environment topost-orogenic extension environment. Based on some specific characteristics of brecciatype deposit, it can be divided into two groups：breccia pipe related to intermediate rock and breccia pipe related to acid rock. It is found that crypto-explosive breccia pipe ofintermediate rocks interrelates to Au and it of acid rocks interrelates to Cu, Mopolymetallic mineralization.
The granodiorite porphyry of copper-molybdenum deposit in Jin Chang Gou hasbeen tested by U-Pb method and its weighted mean age is114.08±0.82Ma. Combinedwith other associated data, metallogenic epoch of the same type deposits baselyconcentrates on96.9-118.9Ma. Isotopic and trace elements data show that the majormetallogenetic matters originated from crust-mantle contamination. Hydrothermal oreforming solution mainly comes from magmatic water mixed by atmospheric water. Theresult from fluid inclusion examination indicates that the ore-forming temperature isabout60-550℃and ore-forming depth is0.6-2.5km. The Cu-Mo-Au deposit in JinChang Gou can be regarded as crypto-explosive breccia pipe related to acid rocks. JinChang gold deposit is crypto-explosive breccia pipe related to intermediate rocks.
The main ore control factors of crypto-explosive breccia deposit in Tai Ping Lingvolcanic rock zone are multiphase tectonic activities and acid magmatic activities duringYanshannian period, which multiphase tectonic activities are dominant and acidmagmatic activities are decisive. The geological-geochemical characters andmetallogenetic specialization of hypabyssal-ultrahypabyssal and sub-volcanic intrusiverocks have a close relationship with Au, Cu poly-metallic metallogenesis, which are theimportant prospecting marks. The intersection part of faults dominate spatial distributionof eruption centers and sub-volcanic hypabyssal rock. Huangsongqun Gr low grademetamorphic rocks are main surrounding rock of the deposits, two-mica quartz shist,which contact zone with intermediate-acid rocks can be taken as prospecting criteria.Alteration assemblages of pipe are mainly silicification-pyritized-sericitization andsericitization-kaolinization based, and potassic alteration, carbonatation, chloritization.
Stream sediment survey of1:50000-1:100000indicates that the composite anomalyof Cu, Pb, Zn, Mo, Au, Ag, and As is significant prospective area for gold polymetallicdeposits. There is a corresponding relationship between soil geochemical anomaly andcrypto-explosive breccia pipe. Geochemical anomaly of front elements like Cu, Mo, Au, Ag arranged in circles. Gravimetric and aeromagnetic methods are important fordelineation intermediate-acid rocks related to crypto-explosive breccia pipe.Mineralization in breccia pipe or where the ore bodies might be present shows lowresistance high polarization. The upper part of the ore body appears combined profilingorthogonal point. The varying characteristics of ρs section isoline corresponds to tiltedcharacter of the pipe. Crypto-explosive breccia vein are distributed in the edge of largecircular structure, intersect places of large circular structure and small one, the structurewhich formed as "φ" by fracture and circular structure. In all, through an integratedapproach of "geological-geophysical-geochemical-remote sensing", prospecting modelcan be built for crypto-explosive breccia pipe with orebody.
本次研究的目的，分析太平岭火山岩带与隐爆角砾岩筒密切相关的中~酸性次火山岩成因。研究区内角砾岩(筒)的特征及分类。根据成矿年代因素、火山~次火山岩因素、物理化学条件因素、成矿物质来源因素，研究隐爆角砾岩（筒）型矿床成矿条件。通过对典型矿床地质特征、地球物理特征、地球化学特征及遥感影像特征的研究，总结区内控矿规律，提取综合找矿信息，建立找矿模型。为区内进一步的矿产勘查工作提供依据。
研究区内岩石化学特征显示次火山岩为一套属钙碱性系列的过铝质—偏铝质岩石。分析认为成岩的的大地构造环境为岛弧（或活动陆缘）型挤压造山环境向造山后拉张环境转换的阶段。根据角砾岩（筒）典型矿床的具体特征，将其分为两个大类：与中性岩体有关的角砾岩筒、与酸性岩体有关的角砾岩(筒)，并且中性岩体隐爆角砾岩筒与Au元素成矿相关，酸性岩体角砾岩(筒)与Cu、Mo多金属成矿相关。
金场沟铜钼矿花岗闪长斑岩，采用激光探针U-Pb法测年，加权平均年龄为114.08±0.82Ma。结合区内其他矿床的测年资料，得出研究区内同类型矿床成矿时代基本集中在96.9-118.9Ma间。同位素及微量元素显示成矿物质来源具壳幔混染特征，成矿热液主要具岩浆水特征，并混染了一定的大气水。流体包裹体测试显示其成矿温度在60°~550°之间，推测其成矿深度为0.6~2.5km.研究认为鸡东金场沟铜钼金矿是与酸性岩体有关的隐爆角砾岩筒。金厂金矿是与中性岩体有关的隐爆角砾岩筒。
太平岭火山岩带隐爆角砾岩（筒）矿床主要控矿因素为多期构造活动和燕山期中~酸性岩浆活动。构造为主导，燕山期中酸性岩浆活动为决定因素。浅成—超浅成和次火山侵入岩类其地质地球化学特征及成矿专属性与以金、铜等多金属为主的成矿作用关系密切，是重要的找矿标志。断裂交汇部位控制着火山喷发中心和次火山—浅成相岩体的空间分布。黄松群浅变质岩是区内矿床的主要围岩，主要岩性为二云片岩，与中~酸性浅成侵入岩的接触部位可以作为区内的找矿标志。筒内出现的蚀变组合以硅化—黄铁矿化—绢云母化和绢云母花—高岭土化组合为主，同时也具较强钾化、碳酸盐化、绿泥石化等蚀变。
1/5万~1/10万水系沉积物测量，圈出Cu-Pb-Zn-Mo-Au-Ag-As组合异常是寻找金及多金属矿床的重要远景区，土壤地球化学异常与隐爆角砾岩筒具一定对应关系。近矿元素Cu、Mo、Au、Ag等的地球化学异常呈环状分带特征。航磁和重力是圈定与隐爆角砾岩筒相关的隐伏中~酸性岩体的重要方法。角砾岩筒内部矿化或存在矿体的部位显示的是低阻高极化特征。矿体的上部呈现的是联剖正交点；而且ρs测深断面等值线变化特征与岩筒倾斜及倾角较陡的特征相符合。隐爆角砾岩型矿脉（体）均分布于大环构造边缘附近、大环与小环构造交切部位、断裂与环形构造组成的“φ”型构造部位。综合上述各种资料，建立区内含矿隐爆角砾岩筒“地质-地球物理-地球化学-遥感”综合方法找矿模式
The study area is south margin of Jiamusi Terrain, bordered by the Dunmi faultedzone, which metallogenetic division belongs to Palaeo-Asian metallogenic domain, Jilinand Heilongjiang metallogenic provinces and Tai Ping Ling metallogenic belt. Thisregion is one of gold and polymetallic metallogenic prospecting areas related to avolcano-magmatic activity during late Jurassic and the early stage in eastern Jilin andHeilongjiang provinces.
The aim of this paper is to analyze the cause of acid subvolcanic rock closely relatedto crypto-explosive breccia pipe in Tai Ping Ling volcanic rock zone and thecharacteristic and classification of breccia pipe in study area. In condition, based onore-forming age, volcanic and sub-volcanic rock, physicochemical property and genesisof this deposit, it aims to study the geological characteristics of crypto-explosive brecciatype deposit. Thought spot investigation in typical deposit, this paper generalizes theore-control regularity, prospecting indications and information from geophysics,geochemistry and remote sensing in study area so as to build prospecting model andprovide important evidence for future prospecting in the area.
According to the petrochemical characteristics, subvolcanic rocks in this areabelongs to metaluminous to peraluminous and calc-alkaline series.Geochemicalcharacteristics and regional tectonic evolution background indicate that the rocks formedin island arc（active continental margin）type from compressive orogenic environment topost-orogenic extension environment. Based on some specific characteristics of brecciatype deposit, it can be divided into two groups：breccia pipe related to intermediate rock and breccia pipe related to acid rock. It is found that crypto-explosive breccia pipe ofintermediate rocks interrelates to Au and it of acid rocks interrelates to Cu, Mopolymetallic mineralization.
The granodiorite porphyry of copper-molybdenum deposit in Jin Chang Gou hasbeen tested by U-Pb method and its weighted mean age is114.08±0.82Ma. Combinedwith other associated data, metallogenic epoch of the same type deposits baselyconcentrates on96.9-118.9Ma. Isotopic and trace elements data show that the majormetallogenetic matters originated from crust-mantle contamination. Hydrothermal oreforming solution mainly comes from magmatic water mixed by atmospheric water. Theresult from fluid inclusion examination indicates that the ore-forming temperature isabout60-550℃and ore-forming depth is0.6-2.5km. The Cu-Mo-Au deposit in JinChang Gou can be regarded as crypto-explosive breccia pipe related to acid rocks. JinChang gold deposit is crypto-explosive breccia pipe related to intermediate rocks.
The main ore control factors of crypto-explosive breccia deposit in Tai Ping Lingvolcanic rock zone are multiphase tectonic activities and acid magmatic activities duringYanshannian period, which multiphase tectonic activities are dominant and acidmagmatic activities are decisive. The geological-geochemical characters andmetallogenetic specialization of hypabyssal-ultrahypabyssal and sub-volcanic intrusiverocks have a close relationship with Au, Cu poly-metallic metallogenesis, which are theimportant prospecting marks. The intersection part of faults dominate spatial distributionof eruption centers and sub-volcanic hypabyssal rock. Huangsongqun Gr low grademetamorphic rocks are main surrounding rock of the deposits, two-mica quartz shist,which contact zone with intermediate-acid rocks can be taken as prospecting criteria.Alteration assemblages of pipe are mainly silicification-pyritized-sericitization andsericitization-kaolinization based, and potassic alteration, carbonatation, chloritization.
Stream sediment survey of1:50000-1:100000indicates that the composite anomalyof Cu, Pb, Zn, Mo, Au, Ag, and As is significant prospective area for gold polymetallicdeposits. There is a corresponding relationship between soil geochemical anomaly andcrypto-explosive breccia pipe. Geochemical anomaly of front elements like Cu, Mo, Au, Ag arranged in circles. Gravimetric and aeromagnetic methods are important fordelineation intermediate-acid rocks related to crypto-explosive breccia pipe.Mineralization in breccia pipe or where the ore bodies might be present shows lowresistance high polarization. The upper part of the ore body appears combined profilingorthogonal point. The varying characteristics of ρs section isoline corresponds to tiltedcharacter of the pipe. Crypto-explosive breccia vein are distributed in the edge of largecircular structure, intersect places of large circular structure and small one, the structurewhich formed as "φ" by fracture and circular structure. In all, through an integratedapproach of "geological-geophysical-geochemical-remote sensing", prospecting modelcan be built for crypto-explosive breccia pipe with orebody.
引文
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