基于短距离通信和射频识别的CAN总线故障信息分析系统
摘要
基于短距离通信和射频识别的CAN总线故障信息分析系统
随着现代电子技术和通信技术的飞速发展,测试技术领域发生了巨大的变化。现代测试系统日趋小型化、智能化、自动化以及专业化。首先,随着微电子科学的发展,芯片的设计技术及制造工艺迅速提高,使得芯片的性能提升了,与之相反,芯片价格却下降了,各种高性能的微控制器和微处理器得以进入各种领域。同时芯片性能的提升也使越来越多专用于PC机上的操作系统和软件都能够移植到嵌入式CPU上,如Linux. Windows.Vxworks等,这些都为现代测试系统向小型化和便携化发展提供了坚实的基础。其次,随着物联网技术的发展,作为关键技术之一的RFID技术已广泛应用于智能监控及物流管理等领域。RFID技术是一种自动识别技术,它通过射频信号可自动识别目标对象并读取相关数据,无需人工干预。因此,将RFID技术应用到测试系统中,能够有效的提高测试系统的自动化程度。第三,各种无线通信技术的发展使设备之间的通信摆脱了通信电缆的限制。因此,将无线通信技术应用到测试系统中,使测试设备摆脱通信电缆的限制,能够有效提高测试系统的便携性。
本课题以汽车生产装配线为应用背景,提出了一种基于ARM+FPGA处理器架构,并融合了射频识别技术和2.4G无线通信技术的CAN总线故障分析系统。本文首先定义了系统功能,在此基础上,划分了系统功能单元模块并给出了系统功能框图。然后,从硬件设计和软件设计方面论述了各模块的设计。在主控制器模块,论述了主控制器硬件电路设计和初始化过程中的注意事项。在CAN节点模块,论述了收发器电路设计,分析了CAN控制器的初始化过程。在射频识别模块论述了硬件电路设计,包括高频滤波电路、接收电路、天线及匹配电路,分析了射频识别模块的SPI接口时序和初始化过程,并编写了卡操作函数,完成了功能测试。在无线通信模块中论述了硬件电路设计,分析了无线通信模块的SPI接口时序和初始化过程,并编写了无线发送函数,完成了相应的功能测试。在FPGA设计中,论述了硬件电路设计,着重讲述了配置模式的选择和配置电路的设计；论述了FPGA的开发流程、开发工具及策略；分模块讲述了各功能单元的设计,绘制了功能框图并给出了仿真结果。接着,论述了系统布局和印制电路板设计的注意事项,分析了系统主程序流程。最后,设计了系统测试方案,并给出了测试结果。测试结果表明,该系统可以稳定运行,能够实现所定义的系统功能。
CAN-Bus Fault Analysis System Based-on Short-range communication and RFID
With the rapid development of modern electronic technology and communication technology, test technology has undergone tremendous change. The current test system has become increasingly miniaturized, intelligent, automatic and specialized. First of all, with the development of microelectronics science, the technology and manufacturing process of chip design improve rapidly, resulting in the chip performance improved. In contrast, the price of chip has dropped, and a variety of high-performance microcontrollers and microprocessors have been applied in various fields. At the same time, with the remarkable performance of chips, more and more operating system and software, such as Linux, Windows, Vxworks, which were dedicated to PC, can be transplanted to the embedded CPU. These factors provide a solid foundation for the miniaturization and portability of the modern test system. Secondly, with the development of Internet of Things, RFID, as one of the key technologies of it, has been widely used in intelligent monitoring and logistics management. RFID is an automatic identification technology. It can automatically identify the target object and read the relevant data through the RF signal, without human intervention. Therefore, to apply RFID to the modern test system can effectively improve its degree of automation. Thirdly, the development of wireless communication technology enables communication between devices to get rid of the limitations of the communication cable. Therefore, to apply wireless communication technology to the modern test system can effectively improve its portability.
This thesis, taking automobile assembly line as its application background, proposes a CAN bus fault analysis system based on ARM+FPGA, which also combines RFID technology and2.4G wireless communications technology. The thesis first defines the system functions, divides the system into unit modules and gives the system block diagram. Then, it exposits each module in hardware design and software design. In the main controller module section, it discusses the circuit design of the main controller and the matters need attention when initialize it. In the CAN node module section, it discusses the circuit design of the transceiver and the CAN controller initialization process. In the RFID module section, it discusses the circuit design of the RFID, including the high-frequency filter circuit, the receiver circuit, the antenna and matching circuit, analyses the SPI interface timing and initialization process, writes a card manipulation function and complete the functional test. In the wireless communication module section, it discusses the circuit design of the module, analyses the SPI interface timing and initialization process, writes transmitting function and complete the functional test. In the FPGA section, it discusses the circuit design of the FPGA, especially discusses configuration mode selection and the configuration circuit design in detail, then discusses the FPGA development process, development tools, design method, describes the design of functional units, draws a functional block diagram and simulates the design. Then it discusses the system layout and the matters need attention when design the printed circuit board, analyses the system main program. Finally, I design a test method and obtain test results. The test results show that the system can operate stably, and achieve the functionality required by the system.
随着现代电子技术和通信技术的飞速发展,测试技术领域发生了巨大的变化。现代测试系统日趋小型化、智能化、自动化以及专业化。首先,随着微电子科学的发展,芯片的设计技术及制造工艺迅速提高,使得芯片的性能提升了,与之相反,芯片价格却下降了,各种高性能的微控制器和微处理器得以进入各种领域。同时芯片性能的提升也使越来越多专用于PC机上的操作系统和软件都能够移植到嵌入式CPU上,如Linux. Windows.Vxworks等,这些都为现代测试系统向小型化和便携化发展提供了坚实的基础。其次,随着物联网技术的发展,作为关键技术之一的RFID技术已广泛应用于智能监控及物流管理等领域。RFID技术是一种自动识别技术,它通过射频信号可自动识别目标对象并读取相关数据,无需人工干预。因此,将RFID技术应用到测试系统中,能够有效的提高测试系统的自动化程度。第三,各种无线通信技术的发展使设备之间的通信摆脱了通信电缆的限制。因此,将无线通信技术应用到测试系统中,使测试设备摆脱通信电缆的限制,能够有效提高测试系统的便携性。
本课题以汽车生产装配线为应用背景,提出了一种基于ARM+FPGA处理器架构,并融合了射频识别技术和2.4G无线通信技术的CAN总线故障分析系统。本文首先定义了系统功能,在此基础上,划分了系统功能单元模块并给出了系统功能框图。然后,从硬件设计和软件设计方面论述了各模块的设计。在主控制器模块,论述了主控制器硬件电路设计和初始化过程中的注意事项。在CAN节点模块,论述了收发器电路设计,分析了CAN控制器的初始化过程。在射频识别模块论述了硬件电路设计,包括高频滤波电路、接收电路、天线及匹配电路,分析了射频识别模块的SPI接口时序和初始化过程,并编写了卡操作函数,完成了功能测试。在无线通信模块中论述了硬件电路设计,分析了无线通信模块的SPI接口时序和初始化过程,并编写了无线发送函数,完成了相应的功能测试。在FPGA设计中,论述了硬件电路设计,着重讲述了配置模式的选择和配置电路的设计；论述了FPGA的开发流程、开发工具及策略；分模块讲述了各功能单元的设计,绘制了功能框图并给出了仿真结果。接着,论述了系统布局和印制电路板设计的注意事项,分析了系统主程序流程。最后,设计了系统测试方案,并给出了测试结果。测试结果表明,该系统可以稳定运行,能够实现所定义的系统功能。
CAN-Bus Fault Analysis System Based-on Short-range communication and RFID
With the rapid development of modern electronic technology and communication technology, test technology has undergone tremendous change. The current test system has become increasingly miniaturized, intelligent, automatic and specialized. First of all, with the development of microelectronics science, the technology and manufacturing process of chip design improve rapidly, resulting in the chip performance improved. In contrast, the price of chip has dropped, and a variety of high-performance microcontrollers and microprocessors have been applied in various fields. At the same time, with the remarkable performance of chips, more and more operating system and software, such as Linux, Windows, Vxworks, which were dedicated to PC, can be transplanted to the embedded CPU. These factors provide a solid foundation for the miniaturization and portability of the modern test system. Secondly, with the development of Internet of Things, RFID, as one of the key technologies of it, has been widely used in intelligent monitoring and logistics management. RFID is an automatic identification technology. It can automatically identify the target object and read the relevant data through the RF signal, without human intervention. Therefore, to apply RFID to the modern test system can effectively improve its degree of automation. Thirdly, the development of wireless communication technology enables communication between devices to get rid of the limitations of the communication cable. Therefore, to apply wireless communication technology to the modern test system can effectively improve its portability.
This thesis, taking automobile assembly line as its application background, proposes a CAN bus fault analysis system based on ARM+FPGA, which also combines RFID technology and2.4G wireless communications technology. The thesis first defines the system functions, divides the system into unit modules and gives the system block diagram. Then, it exposits each module in hardware design and software design. In the main controller module section, it discusses the circuit design of the main controller and the matters need attention when initialize it. In the CAN node module section, it discusses the circuit design of the transceiver and the CAN controller initialization process. In the RFID module section, it discusses the circuit design of the RFID, including the high-frequency filter circuit, the receiver circuit, the antenna and matching circuit, analyses the SPI interface timing and initialization process, writes a card manipulation function and complete the functional test. In the wireless communication module section, it discusses the circuit design of the module, analyses the SPI interface timing and initialization process, writes transmitting function and complete the functional test. In the FPGA section, it discusses the circuit design of the FPGA, especially discusses configuration mode selection and the configuration circuit design in detail, then discusses the FPGA development process, development tools, design method, describes the design of functional units, draws a functional block diagram and simulates the design. Then it discusses the system layout and the matters need attention when design the printed circuit board, analyses the system main program. Finally, I design a test method and obtain test results. The test results show that the system can operate stably, and achieve the functionality required by the system.
引文
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