宜昌陡山沱组第三岩性段条带状碳酸盐岩环境磁学研究
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摘要
宜昌Ediacaran系陡山沱组第三岩性段上部沉积了一套白云岩-灰岩互层条带状碳酸盐岩。前人研究表明白云岩剩磁参数小于相邻层位灰岩,但未对磁学结果进行很好的解译,也未涉及其所反映的地质过程及环境意义。本文在此基础上开展了详细的磁学、阴极发光及扫描电镜研究,分析讨论剩磁参数所反应的环境意义、碳酸盐岩互层成因及二者间的联系。
磁学实验表明粉晶白云岩与相邻层位泥晶灰岩具有相同的携磁矿物——磁铁矿、亚铁磁性铁硫化物,因而灰岩层位较大的剩磁参数值表明其磁性矿物含量多于粉晶白云岩,磁畴粒度也更细。然而XRD结果表明白云岩层位沉积时期陆源输入含铁碎屑矿物含量高于灰岩。因此在白云岩层位发生了强烈的还原成岩作用,选择性溶解大量细粒亚铁磁性矿物,使得磁性矿物含量减少,磁性颗粒粒度变粗。剩磁参数可以很好的反应还原成岩作用强度,即沉积时期的氧化还原状态。粉晶白云岩层位形成于偏还原环境,而泥晶灰岩则相对氧化。
阴极发光及扫描电镜分析表明白云岩为泥晶灰岩白云石化产物,且白云石为具有同心环带结构的铁白云石,这意味着在白云石层状生长过程中有溶解的Fe~(2+)进入白云石晶格。白云岩-灰岩呈薄互层状产出指示白云岩形成于早成岩阶段,且该区未有含铁流体侵入的文献记载,因此白云石晶格中的Fe~(2+)来源于陆源含铁碎屑矿物的还原性溶解。白云岩层遭受强烈的还原成岩作用,粉晶白云岩中黄铁矿与白云石颗粒伴生,而重晶石分布于泥晶方解石基质中以及碳同位素的负异常均指示了白云岩的硫酸盐还原有机成因。粉晶白云岩层有机质输入量大从而发生强烈的还原成岩作用,克服了白云岩化能垒,形成透入性发育结晶粒度大的含铁白云岩,且大量溶解陆源含铁碎屑造成磁性减弱,而泥晶灰岩层位有机质输入量少还原成岩弱,高的硫酸根浓度抑制了白云岩化,且保存了原始剩磁信号,因此白云岩及灰岩的岩性特征也同样反应了其形成环境的差异,白云岩层发育于偏还原的环境。
该剖面碳酸盐岩剩磁参数值与岩性特征均反映了还原成岩作用的强弱,二者共同指示了碳酸盐岩形成时期环境的变化,可作为氧化还原环境的替代性指标。
A series ribbon carbonates distributed in the upper part of the third lithostratigraphic member of Doushantuo Formation, Yichang. Previous study showed that the remanence parameter of silty dolostone was less than the adjacent micritic limestone. But the work didn’t give good results on the magnetic interpretation, nor the geological processes and environmental implications involved. In this paper, detailed measurements of rock magnetism, CL and SEM have been carried out to discuss the environmental implications of remanence parameter and the formation of ribbon carbonates.
Rock magnetic experiments reveal the predominant magnetic minerals in the dolostone and limestone are magnetite and geigite/pyrrhotite, and therefore the larger remanences of limestone indicate the larger content of magnetic minerals and finer grain size than adjacent dolostone. However, XRD results prove that the inputs of terrigenous detrital iron bearing minerals are abundant in the dolostone layer during the sedimentary or early diagenetic period. The combination of rock magnetism and XRD analysis suggest a strong effect of reductive diagenesis on dolostone and the selective dissolution of large number of fine grained ferromagnetic minerals results in the coarser grain size. Remanence parameters play very good response to the degree of reductive diagenesis, that is, the redox state during the deposition. The silty dolostone form in a partial reduction-bit environment and micritic limestone is relatively oxidation.
Cathodoluminescence and scanning electron microscopy analysis show that the dolomite is the production of limestone replacement and dolomite has concentric zonation, which means that dissolved Fe~(2+) comes into dolomite lattice during dolomitization. Ribbon carbonates indicate that they form in early diagenetic period and the orgin of Fe~(2+) is dissolution of terrigenous detrital iron bearing minerals. Dolostones which subject to strong reductive diagenesis, the characteristic of pyrite and barite and carbon isotope anomalies are indicative of sulfate-reducing organic origin of dolomite. Larger inputs of organic matter result in strong reduction diagenesis, the energy barrier of dolomitization then was overcame and magnetic signal was weakened. Otherwise, less inputs of organic matter in limestone read to weak reduction diagenesis and high concentrations of sulfate inhibited dolomitization. The original remanence signal was preserved. The lithology of dolostone and limestone also reflect differences in the environment of its formation. The silty dolostone form in a partial reduction-bit environment and micritic limestone is relatively oxidation.
The remanence parameters and lithologic features reflect the degree of reduction diagenesis. Both of them can be used as redox alternative indicators of the environment.
磁学实验表明粉晶白云岩与相邻层位泥晶灰岩具有相同的携磁矿物——磁铁矿、亚铁磁性铁硫化物,因而灰岩层位较大的剩磁参数值表明其磁性矿物含量多于粉晶白云岩,磁畴粒度也更细。然而XRD结果表明白云岩层位沉积时期陆源输入含铁碎屑矿物含量高于灰岩。因此在白云岩层位发生了强烈的还原成岩作用,选择性溶解大量细粒亚铁磁性矿物,使得磁性矿物含量减少,磁性颗粒粒度变粗。剩磁参数可以很好的反应还原成岩作用强度,即沉积时期的氧化还原状态。粉晶白云岩层位形成于偏还原环境,而泥晶灰岩则相对氧化。
阴极发光及扫描电镜分析表明白云岩为泥晶灰岩白云石化产物,且白云石为具有同心环带结构的铁白云石,这意味着在白云石层状生长过程中有溶解的Fe~(2+)进入白云石晶格。白云岩-灰岩呈薄互层状产出指示白云岩形成于早成岩阶段,且该区未有含铁流体侵入的文献记载,因此白云石晶格中的Fe~(2+)来源于陆源含铁碎屑矿物的还原性溶解。白云岩层遭受强烈的还原成岩作用,粉晶白云岩中黄铁矿与白云石颗粒伴生,而重晶石分布于泥晶方解石基质中以及碳同位素的负异常均指示了白云岩的硫酸盐还原有机成因。粉晶白云岩层有机质输入量大从而发生强烈的还原成岩作用,克服了白云岩化能垒,形成透入性发育结晶粒度大的含铁白云岩,且大量溶解陆源含铁碎屑造成磁性减弱,而泥晶灰岩层位有机质输入量少还原成岩弱,高的硫酸根浓度抑制了白云岩化,且保存了原始剩磁信号,因此白云岩及灰岩的岩性特征也同样反应了其形成环境的差异,白云岩层发育于偏还原的环境。
该剖面碳酸盐岩剩磁参数值与岩性特征均反映了还原成岩作用的强弱,二者共同指示了碳酸盐岩形成时期环境的变化,可作为氧化还原环境的替代性指标。
A series ribbon carbonates distributed in the upper part of the third lithostratigraphic member of Doushantuo Formation, Yichang. Previous study showed that the remanence parameter of silty dolostone was less than the adjacent micritic limestone. But the work didn’t give good results on the magnetic interpretation, nor the geological processes and environmental implications involved. In this paper, detailed measurements of rock magnetism, CL and SEM have been carried out to discuss the environmental implications of remanence parameter and the formation of ribbon carbonates.
Rock magnetic experiments reveal the predominant magnetic minerals in the dolostone and limestone are magnetite and geigite/pyrrhotite, and therefore the larger remanences of limestone indicate the larger content of magnetic minerals and finer grain size than adjacent dolostone. However, XRD results prove that the inputs of terrigenous detrital iron bearing minerals are abundant in the dolostone layer during the sedimentary or early diagenetic period. The combination of rock magnetism and XRD analysis suggest a strong effect of reductive diagenesis on dolostone and the selective dissolution of large number of fine grained ferromagnetic minerals results in the coarser grain size. Remanence parameters play very good response to the degree of reductive diagenesis, that is, the redox state during the deposition. The silty dolostone form in a partial reduction-bit environment and micritic limestone is relatively oxidation.
Cathodoluminescence and scanning electron microscopy analysis show that the dolomite is the production of limestone replacement and dolomite has concentric zonation, which means that dissolved Fe~(2+) comes into dolomite lattice during dolomitization. Ribbon carbonates indicate that they form in early diagenetic period and the orgin of Fe~(2+) is dissolution of terrigenous detrital iron bearing minerals. Dolostones which subject to strong reductive diagenesis, the characteristic of pyrite and barite and carbon isotope anomalies are indicative of sulfate-reducing organic origin of dolomite. Larger inputs of organic matter result in strong reduction diagenesis, the energy barrier of dolomitization then was overcame and magnetic signal was weakened. Otherwise, less inputs of organic matter in limestone read to weak reduction diagenesis and high concentrations of sulfate inhibited dolomitization. The original remanence signal was preserved. The lithology of dolostone and limestone also reflect differences in the environment of its formation. The silty dolostone form in a partial reduction-bit environment and micritic limestone is relatively oxidation.
The remanence parameters and lithologic features reflect the degree of reduction diagenesis. Both of them can be used as redox alternative indicators of the environment.
引文
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