基于DSP的永磁同步直线电机控制系统的设计
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摘要
作为江苏省自然基金资助项目《自由活塞发电发动机的模型建立、结构优化和控制策略研究(BK2008228)》的一部分,本文就永磁同步直线电机建模、仿真、控制方法及其控制系统设计等内容展开研究。
与传统“旋转电机+滚动丝杆”的进给方式相比,永磁同步直线电机直接进给方式由于省略了机械转换机构,消除了机械传动元件速度和加速度的物理极限等优势,在高速、高精密机械加工设备中得到了广泛的应用。相对于旋转电机,永磁同步直线电机在电气控制方面要求更高。因此,必须要采用更加有效的控制方法、选用精度更高的检测和执行元件。本文在矢量控制的基础上,以数字信号处理器DSP2812为控制核心,配合自行设计的检测和保护等硬件电路,实现整个系统的有效控制。
本文的主要研究工作和成果如下:
首先,介绍了永磁同步直线电机的基本原理和发展概况,就其相关控制理论做了阐述分析,同时对DSP控制系统特点做了分析。
其次,针对系统具体要求,详细介绍和分析了矢量控制方法在永磁同步直线电机控制系统中的实现过程,结合SVPWM调制技术实现了高质量的控制效果。
再者,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真分析了控制系统所采用的控制策略和整个实现过程,结果表明:电机动态响应较快、电流谐波畸变率较小。仿真分析对系统的硬件的搭建和软件的编写起到了很大的推进作用。
第四,对控制系统的硬件和软件设计做了深入的研究和具体的说明。硬件部分重点设计了电源电路、过压过流保护电路、电流采样电路、IPM驱动电路、电机定位电路等;软件部分主要编写了速度计算模块、SVPWM产生模块、PID调节模块、A/D采样控制模块、定位运行模块和往复运行模块等。
最后,在自行搭建的实验平台上,成功的实现了硬件和软件调试,顺利完成永磁同步直线电机控制系统的各项实验。实验结果证明:该系统响应速度较快、控制精度较高、运行稳定,为自由活塞发电机的伺服定位打下了良好的基础。
As a part of Jiangsu Province Natural Foundation "Modeling, Optimizing Structure and Researching Control Strategies of the Free Piston Engine Power (BK2008228)", modeling, simulation, control methods and control system design of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMLSM) etc. are studied in this thesis.
PMLSM direct feed method because it eliminates the mechanical conversion mechanism and physical limits of speed and acceleration for mechanical transmission elements compare with the traditional method of "rotating motor and rolling screw ", so the PMLSM direct feed method have been used in high-speed, high-precision machining devices widely . The PMLSM need higher electrical control requirements than the rotating motor, therefore, we must adopt more efficient control methods and use more accurate detecting element and enforcement components. The vector control method based on digital signal processor DSP2812 is implemented with the designed hardware of detection and protection circuit in this thesis.
The main research work and the results are as follows:
First of all, the basic principles and development overview of PMLSM are introduced, and the associated control theories are described in detail, moreover, the characteristics of the DSP control system are analyzed.
Secondly, the implementation process of vector control method for PMLSM control system is introduced and analysised for the specific system requirements and high-quality control results is implementated combined with SVPWM modulation technology.
Furthermore, the control strategies and the implementation process in this system are analysised by Matlab/Simulink, and the simulation results showed that the effect is better. Fast dynamic response and low current harmonic distortion are achieved. Simulation analysis pays a significant role in pushing of hardware and software preparation.
Fourthly, the hardware and software design of the control system are researched deeple and introdued detailedly. Hardware design mainly includes the power supply circuit, overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit, the current sampling circuit, IPM drive circuit, motor positioning circuit; Software part mainly includes speed calculation module, SVPWM generated module, PID regulation module, A/D sampling control module, location module and the reciprocating operation modules.
Finally, the hardware and software debugging are successful implementated and the experiment PMLSM control system is completed based on in self-built test platform. Experimental results show that the system has faster response speed, higher control precision and stable operation, and achieve a good foundation for free piston generator servo positioning.
与传统“旋转电机+滚动丝杆”的进给方式相比,永磁同步直线电机直接进给方式由于省略了机械转换机构,消除了机械传动元件速度和加速度的物理极限等优势,在高速、高精密机械加工设备中得到了广泛的应用。相对于旋转电机,永磁同步直线电机在电气控制方面要求更高。因此,必须要采用更加有效的控制方法、选用精度更高的检测和执行元件。本文在矢量控制的基础上,以数字信号处理器DSP2812为控制核心,配合自行设计的检测和保护等硬件电路,实现整个系统的有效控制。
本文的主要研究工作和成果如下:
首先,介绍了永磁同步直线电机的基本原理和发展概况,就其相关控制理论做了阐述分析,同时对DSP控制系统特点做了分析。
其次,针对系统具体要求,详细介绍和分析了矢量控制方法在永磁同步直线电机控制系统中的实现过程,结合SVPWM调制技术实现了高质量的控制效果。
再者,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真分析了控制系统所采用的控制策略和整个实现过程,结果表明:电机动态响应较快、电流谐波畸变率较小。仿真分析对系统的硬件的搭建和软件的编写起到了很大的推进作用。
第四,对控制系统的硬件和软件设计做了深入的研究和具体的说明。硬件部分重点设计了电源电路、过压过流保护电路、电流采样电路、IPM驱动电路、电机定位电路等;软件部分主要编写了速度计算模块、SVPWM产生模块、PID调节模块、A/D采样控制模块、定位运行模块和往复运行模块等。
最后,在自行搭建的实验平台上,成功的实现了硬件和软件调试,顺利完成永磁同步直线电机控制系统的各项实验。实验结果证明:该系统响应速度较快、控制精度较高、运行稳定,为自由活塞发电机的伺服定位打下了良好的基础。
As a part of Jiangsu Province Natural Foundation "Modeling, Optimizing Structure and Researching Control Strategies of the Free Piston Engine Power (BK2008228)", modeling, simulation, control methods and control system design of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMLSM) etc. are studied in this thesis.
PMLSM direct feed method because it eliminates the mechanical conversion mechanism and physical limits of speed and acceleration for mechanical transmission elements compare with the traditional method of "rotating motor and rolling screw ", so the PMLSM direct feed method have been used in high-speed, high-precision machining devices widely . The PMLSM need higher electrical control requirements than the rotating motor, therefore, we must adopt more efficient control methods and use more accurate detecting element and enforcement components. The vector control method based on digital signal processor DSP2812 is implemented with the designed hardware of detection and protection circuit in this thesis.
The main research work and the results are as follows:
First of all, the basic principles and development overview of PMLSM are introduced, and the associated control theories are described in detail, moreover, the characteristics of the DSP control system are analyzed.
Secondly, the implementation process of vector control method for PMLSM control system is introduced and analysised for the specific system requirements and high-quality control results is implementated combined with SVPWM modulation technology.
Furthermore, the control strategies and the implementation process in this system are analysised by Matlab/Simulink, and the simulation results showed that the effect is better. Fast dynamic response and low current harmonic distortion are achieved. Simulation analysis pays a significant role in pushing of hardware and software preparation.
Fourthly, the hardware and software design of the control system are researched deeple and introdued detailedly. Hardware design mainly includes the power supply circuit, overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit, the current sampling circuit, IPM drive circuit, motor positioning circuit; Software part mainly includes speed calculation module, SVPWM generated module, PID regulation module, A/D sampling control module, location module and the reciprocating operation modules.
Finally, the hardware and software debugging are successful implementated and the experiment PMLSM control system is completed based on in self-built test platform. Experimental results show that the system has faster response speed, higher control precision and stable operation, and achieve a good foundation for free piston generator servo positioning.
引文
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