河南省粮食生产核心区划分与建设研究
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摘要
世界人口的增长,经济的快速发展加大对粮食有更大的需求,美国、巴西、欧盟等国家用了大量的粮食进行生物燃料生产,在较短时间内放大了粮食需求,粮食价格大幅度的增长,导致世界粮食安全面临挑战。虽然建国以来,我国采取了一系列发展粮食生产的政策措施,粮食产量逐年增长,保障了粮食的有效供给。但是我国人均耕地面积只占世界平均水平的1/4,经济快速发展,水资源紧缺,粮食结构发生变化等因素的影响,使我国粮食安全仍然面临严重的挑战。国家农业开发办等单位在农业综合开发的实践过程中,提出了粮食核心产区建设的新思路,受到国家领导人和专家们的认可。在2008年中央1号文件中明确提出,“实施粮食战略工程,集中力量建设一批基础条件好、生产水平高和调出量大的粮食核心产区”。温家宝总理在2008年新一届政府工作报告中再次强调“实施粮食战略工程,加快建立粮食核心产区,全面提高粮食综合生产能力和供给保障能力”。粮食核心区的建设是粮食安全的保障。如何合理的保护粮食核心区,建立完善的粮食核心区建设机制,成为我国研究的一个重要课题。研究粮食生产核心区建设具有重要的意义。
本文以河南省辖区所有县为研究区域,对河南省粮食核心区划分与建设进行研究。其主要内容包括：(1)介绍粮食核心区建设的背景与意义；(2)全面阐述了粮食核心区的国内外研究现状和粮食核心区的内涵,粮食核心区划分与建设的原则及依据,粮食生产核心区划分与建设的理论依据；(3)分析了河南省粮食核心区的现状及划分与建设中存在的问题；(4)对河南粮食生产核心区进行划分,划分方法,粮食生产核心区的划分指标体系建立、选取,运用德尔菲法及层次分析模型确定指标权重值,把各个指标值进行无量纲化,得到河南省粮食核心区划分结果,对划分结果与河南省农业厅划分结果进行对比,指出其划分不合理处。
最后,从政策建设、耕地保护与基本农田建设、生产基础条件建设等对河南省粮食核心区建设进行研究。
Along with the world population growth, food requirements are getting big due to the rapid development of economy. At the same time, biofuel manufacturing in US、Brazi、EU are consuming massive grain. It causes heavy demand on food consumption in short time and rises up the food price. Ultimately, this situation will threaten the world food security. Since the founding of the People's Republic, China has taken a series of measures to develop grain production with the result of increased grain output year by year. It has effectively ensured the food security of China. Nevertheless. China's per capita area of cultivated land lags far behind the world's average level, representing 25% of the world's average level. China's food security will still be threatened by the fast growing economy, the shortage of water, changing of food structure and so on. A new consideration has been proposed by National Agriculture Development Office and other relevant departments in practice of comprehensive agricultural development, which is developing core grain production areas in China. This new consideration has been acknowledged by state leaders and experts afterwards. China's central government clearly points out in its First Policy Document for 2008 that China will carry out national food-strategy project to develop certain core grain production areas, having sound basic condition and high production and off-take level. Premier Wenjia Bao re-emphasized in the "Report on the work of the government" for 2008 that China would carry out national food-strategy project to speed up the development of core grain production areas in order to increase the comprehensive grain production abilities and food self-supply abilities. The development of core grain production areas is the guarantee of China's food security. How to provide rational protection of core grain production areas and establish perfect mechanism in the developing of core grain production areas becomes an important national task. The research on this project will create important significance.
This paper deals with the division and development of core grain production areas in Henan Province covered all counties in Henan. It has mainly the following aspects:
(1) Briefing of the background information and the significance of the development of core grain production areas
(2) A full exposition of the situation of study on core grain production areas in China and abroad, the definition of core grain production areas, the rules and principles for the division and development of core grain production areas, the theory evidence of the division and development of core grain production areas.
(3) An analysis or review of the existing problems in the division and development of core grain production areas.
(4) To divide the core grain production areas in Henan Province and the briefing of the means of this division, to brief the establishment and selection of the indicator system and how this indicator system take function to identify the standardized division result by using of the Delphi Method and the analytic hierarchy process models, to compare this result of the division with the result from Agriculture Department of Henan Provincial Government to identify its weakness of this division.
Eventually, this paper will also make research on the policy creating, cultivated land protection and development, improvement of the infrastructure for grain production and so on.
本文以河南省辖区所有县为研究区域,对河南省粮食核心区划分与建设进行研究。其主要内容包括：(1)介绍粮食核心区建设的背景与意义；(2)全面阐述了粮食核心区的国内外研究现状和粮食核心区的内涵,粮食核心区划分与建设的原则及依据,粮食生产核心区划分与建设的理论依据；(3)分析了河南省粮食核心区的现状及划分与建设中存在的问题；(4)对河南粮食生产核心区进行划分,划分方法,粮食生产核心区的划分指标体系建立、选取,运用德尔菲法及层次分析模型确定指标权重值,把各个指标值进行无量纲化,得到河南省粮食核心区划分结果,对划分结果与河南省农业厅划分结果进行对比,指出其划分不合理处。
最后,从政策建设、耕地保护与基本农田建设、生产基础条件建设等对河南省粮食核心区建设进行研究。
Along with the world population growth, food requirements are getting big due to the rapid development of economy. At the same time, biofuel manufacturing in US、Brazi、EU are consuming massive grain. It causes heavy demand on food consumption in short time and rises up the food price. Ultimately, this situation will threaten the world food security. Since the founding of the People's Republic, China has taken a series of measures to develop grain production with the result of increased grain output year by year. It has effectively ensured the food security of China. Nevertheless. China's per capita area of cultivated land lags far behind the world's average level, representing 25% of the world's average level. China's food security will still be threatened by the fast growing economy, the shortage of water, changing of food structure and so on. A new consideration has been proposed by National Agriculture Development Office and other relevant departments in practice of comprehensive agricultural development, which is developing core grain production areas in China. This new consideration has been acknowledged by state leaders and experts afterwards. China's central government clearly points out in its First Policy Document for 2008 that China will carry out national food-strategy project to develop certain core grain production areas, having sound basic condition and high production and off-take level. Premier Wenjia Bao re-emphasized in the "Report on the work of the government" for 2008 that China would carry out national food-strategy project to speed up the development of core grain production areas in order to increase the comprehensive grain production abilities and food self-supply abilities. The development of core grain production areas is the guarantee of China's food security. How to provide rational protection of core grain production areas and establish perfect mechanism in the developing of core grain production areas becomes an important national task. The research on this project will create important significance.
This paper deals with the division and development of core grain production areas in Henan Province covered all counties in Henan. It has mainly the following aspects:
(1) Briefing of the background information and the significance of the development of core grain production areas
(2) A full exposition of the situation of study on core grain production areas in China and abroad, the definition of core grain production areas, the rules and principles for the division and development of core grain production areas, the theory evidence of the division and development of core grain production areas.
(3) An analysis or review of the existing problems in the division and development of core grain production areas.
(4) To divide the core grain production areas in Henan Province and the briefing of the means of this division, to brief the establishment and selection of the indicator system and how this indicator system take function to identify the standardized division result by using of the Delphi Method and the analytic hierarchy process models, to compare this result of the division with the result from Agriculture Department of Henan Provincial Government to identify its weakness of this division.
Eventually, this paper will also make research on the policy creating, cultivated land protection and development, improvement of the infrastructure for grain production and so on.
引文
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[3]http://q.sohu.com/forum/20/topic.
[4]河南省2007年国民经济和社会发展统计公报.河南省统计局中国发展门户网.2008：03-24.
[5]访农业部部长杜青林：粮食我们丝毫不能放松.人民日报.200609--20.
[6]张正斌,段子澜.中国不但可以养活自己而且还促进了世界粮食安全.中国科学院论坛WWW. cab. ac. cn/index/OM.2008.6.
[7]郭造强,李霄汉,鲍宁智,崔俊辉.河北粮食生产核心区建设的总体思路.中国农业资源与区划.2009.(1)：1-2.
[8]Daniels,T.When city and country collide:managing growth in the metropolitan fringe,Washington:lsland Press,1999.
[9]Cynthia J Nickerson,Daniel Hellerstein.Protecting Rural Amenitis Through Farmland Preservation Programs.Agricultural and Resource Economics Review.2003,32:129.
[10]Roberto RodriguesM2007. The World view of the brazilain agriculture. Brazil Ministry of Agriculture. Livestock and Food Supply, Year 7-Special edition-October 2005.
[11]严瑞珍等.粮食主产区的农业产业化[M].北京：中国农业出版社,1999.
[12]杨世义.区域化布局的几个问题.1994.7.
[13]杨世义.农业区域化布局的几个问题.安徽省农业区所.1994：10-11.
[14]李小军.粮食主产区农民收入问题研究[D].2005.
[15]严瑞珍等.粮食主产区的农业产业化.漯河农村经济发展的实证分析[M].中国农业出版社.1999：P23-28.
[16]杨桂山.长江三角洲耕地数量变化趋势及总量动态平衡前景分析.自然资源学报,2002(5)：252-532.
[17]梁流涛,曹志宏.耕地保护：市场失灵与政府规制改进[J],资源与产业,2006(4)：33--35
[18]张效军,欧名豪,李景刚.我国耕地保护制度变迁及其绩效分析[J],社会科学,2007(8)：13-20.
[19]郭贯成.耕地面积变化与经济发展水平的相关分析—以江苏十三个市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2001,10(5)：26--29.
[20]钱忠好.中国农地保护政策的理性反思[J].中国土地科学,2003,17(5)：18.
[21]Wright L E et al.LESA-Agricultural Land evaluation and site assessment[J] Journal of Soil and Water Conservation.1993.
[22]Richard P Greene et al.Threat to hi曲market value agricultural lands from urban encroachment:Anational and regionalperspective[J].Social Science Journal.1995.(32)2:137-156.
[23]Marlow Vesterby et al,land use and demographic change:Results from fast growthcountries[J].Land Economics.1991,67:279-291.
[24]F Steiner et al.The use of the agricultural land evaluation and site assessment system in the united state[J].Landscape and Urban Planning.1987,14:183-199.
[25]C E Little.Farmland conservancies:A middle ground approach to agriculture to agricultural land preservation[J]. Journal of soil and water conservation,1980,5.
[26]Jr.M.A.Callaham.Jr. D.D.Richter et al.Long-term land-use effects on soil invertebrate communities in Southern Piedmont soils,USA.European Journal of Soil Biology.Volume 42,Supplementl,November 2006,Pages S150-S156.
[27]张安录.美国农地保护的政策措施[J].世界农业.2000,1：8-10.
[28]陈茵茵,黄伟.美国的农地保护及其对我国耕地保护的借鉴[J].南京农业大学学报(社会科学版),2002,2(2)：17-22
[29]清水康弘.英国土地利用对策[J].国外农业环境保护,1998,4.
[30]胡兰玲.土地发展权论[J].河北法学,2002,(2)：143-146.
[31]李云龙.日本的国土利用和地域开发明.自然资源,1981,(3).
[32]孙弘.中国十地发展权研究：土地开发与资源保护的新视角[M].中国人民大学出版社,2004.
[33]http://baike.soso.com/v589471.htm.
[34]孙姗姗,朱传耿.论主体功能区对我国区域发展理论的创新[J].现代经济探讨,2006(9).
[35]杜黎明.主体功能区区划与建设——区域协调发展的新视野[M].重庆大学出版社,2007.
[36]李柱甫.我国主体功能区划的理论研究.2008：10-11.
[37]李秉龙.调控粮食市场提升国际竞争力www.pepole.com.cn.2004.
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