基于前列腺癌标志物的早期诊断检测仪研制
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摘要
前列腺癌是中老年男性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,研制一种能适合家庭使用或随身携带使用的前列腺癌早期诊断便携式检测仪对于已经步入老年化社会的中国有着重要的意义。它能够帮助中老年男性自我筛查早期前列腺癌,并能缓解医疗卫生部门的压力。
本文选取前列腺癌的肿瘤标志物前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)和前列腺酸性磷酸酶(PAP)来实现早期诊断,研制了一种基于差分光电检测技术的前列腺癌早期诊断便携式检测仪。本检测仪选用免疫层析法胶体金标记的试纸作为检测对象,可以同时检测血清游离态前列腺特异性抗原(fPSA)、复合态前列腺特异性抗原(cPSA)和PAP的浓度,通过这三个指标筛查早期前列腺癌。仪器选用峰值波长为525nm的发光二极管照射试纸,用敏感波长为520nm-580nm的光电二极管接收反射光,以此计算出试纸的吸光度,进而推算出血清待测物浓度。整个检测过程在暗室中进行,保证检测不受外界光源的干扰。仪器采用TI公司的MSP430FG437单片机作为信号处理和控制单元,采用段式液晶显示检测结果。仪器操作简单,体积小,重量轻,适合家庭使用和随身携带使用。
完成了软硬件联合调试,验证了该检测仪的性能,结果表明用差分光电检测技术检测金标试纸并推算血清中待测物浓度的方法是可行的,该检测仪有望用于早期前列腺癌的筛查。
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the familiar malignant tumors in the middle-aged or aged men.So it is very important to the aged Chinese society that developing a portable meter for early detection of PCa, which is suitable for home use or outdoor use.It can help the middle-aged or aged men screen the early PCa themselves and release the pressure of medical and hygeian department.
This article selected the tumor markers of PCa, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) to realize the early detection, and developed a portable meter for early detection of PCa based on the differential photoelectrical detection technology. This meter used the colloidal gold marked test strip based on immunochromatography as the detection object.It could detect the concentrations of the free PSA(fPSA),complex PSA (cPSA) and PAP in the serum simultaneously, and screen the early PCa with the three items. The LEDs with the peak wavelength 525nm were used to shine the test strip and the photodiodes with the sensitive wavelength 520nm-580nm were used to receive the reflective light in the meter. Then the absorbency of the test strip could be calculated and the concentrations of the objects in the serum could be obtained. The detection process occurred in the darkroom in order to prevent from interfere of the ambient light source. The MSP430FG437 chip of TI Corporation was used as the signal processing and controlling unit and the segment LCD was used to display the result of detection.The meter is easy to operate and has a small volume and weight, so it is suitable for home use or outdoor use.
The hardware and software debug was completed, and the performance of the meter was tested. It can be concluded that the method using differential photoelectrical detection technology to detect the colloid gold marked test strip and to calculate the concentrations of the objects in the serum is feasible, and it is possible to screen the early PCa with this meter.
本文选取前列腺癌的肿瘤标志物前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)和前列腺酸性磷酸酶(PAP)来实现早期诊断,研制了一种基于差分光电检测技术的前列腺癌早期诊断便携式检测仪。本检测仪选用免疫层析法胶体金标记的试纸作为检测对象,可以同时检测血清游离态前列腺特异性抗原(fPSA)、复合态前列腺特异性抗原(cPSA)和PAP的浓度,通过这三个指标筛查早期前列腺癌。仪器选用峰值波长为525nm的发光二极管照射试纸,用敏感波长为520nm-580nm的光电二极管接收反射光,以此计算出试纸的吸光度,进而推算出血清待测物浓度。整个检测过程在暗室中进行,保证检测不受外界光源的干扰。仪器采用TI公司的MSP430FG437单片机作为信号处理和控制单元,采用段式液晶显示检测结果。仪器操作简单,体积小,重量轻,适合家庭使用和随身携带使用。
完成了软硬件联合调试,验证了该检测仪的性能,结果表明用差分光电检测技术检测金标试纸并推算血清中待测物浓度的方法是可行的,该检测仪有望用于早期前列腺癌的筛查。
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the familiar malignant tumors in the middle-aged or aged men.So it is very important to the aged Chinese society that developing a portable meter for early detection of PCa, which is suitable for home use or outdoor use.It can help the middle-aged or aged men screen the early PCa themselves and release the pressure of medical and hygeian department.
This article selected the tumor markers of PCa, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) to realize the early detection, and developed a portable meter for early detection of PCa based on the differential photoelectrical detection technology. This meter used the colloidal gold marked test strip based on immunochromatography as the detection object.It could detect the concentrations of the free PSA(fPSA),complex PSA (cPSA) and PAP in the serum simultaneously, and screen the early PCa with the three items. The LEDs with the peak wavelength 525nm were used to shine the test strip and the photodiodes with the sensitive wavelength 520nm-580nm were used to receive the reflective light in the meter. Then the absorbency of the test strip could be calculated and the concentrations of the objects in the serum could be obtained. The detection process occurred in the darkroom in order to prevent from interfere of the ambient light source. The MSP430FG437 chip of TI Corporation was used as the signal processing and controlling unit and the segment LCD was used to display the result of detection.The meter is easy to operate and has a small volume and weight, so it is suitable for home use or outdoor use.
The hardware and software debug was completed, and the performance of the meter was tested. It can be concluded that the method using differential photoelectrical detection technology to detect the colloid gold marked test strip and to calculate the concentrations of the objects in the serum is feasible, and it is possible to screen the early PCa with this meter.
引文
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[3]王行环,瞿利军.前列腺癌早期诊断进展[J].临床外科杂志,2006,14(2)：79-81.
[4]王朝霞,王燕,张维东.免疫组织化学技术在前列腺癌早期诊断中的应用现状[J].实用癌症杂志,2009,24(2)：205-207.
[5]林汝湘,王燕,张维东.AMACR联合CK34βE12与p63在前列腺癌早期诊断的应用现状[J].中华肿瘤防治杂志,2008,15(18)：1436-1439.
[6]王金萍,徐浩.血清TPSA、FPSA/TPSA及PSAD对前列腺癌的诊断价值[J].暨南大学学报,2007,28(2),172-175.
[7]Horguchi A,Nakashma J,Nakagawa K, et al.Prediction of extra prostatic cancer by prostate specific antigen density, endorectal MRI and biopsy G leason score in clinically localized prostate cancer[J].Prostate,2003,56(1):23-29.
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[11]Kuvibidila S, Rayford W. Correlation between serum prostate-specific antigen and alpha-1-antitrypsin in men without and with prostate cancer[J].Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine,2006,147(4):174-181.
[12]Huang L, Reekmans G,Saerens D, et al.Prostate-specific antigen immunosensing based on mixed self-assembled monolayers, camel antibodies and colloidal gold enhanced sandwich assays[J].Biosensors and Bioelectronics,2005,21(3):483-490.
[13]Stephan C, Meyer H A, Kwiatkowski M, et al.A (-5,-7) ProPSA Based Artificial Neural Network to Detect Prostate Cancer[J].European Urology,2006,50(5):1014-1020.
[14]Yuhi T, Nagatani N, Endo T, et al. Gold nanoparticle based immunochromatography using a resin modified micropipette tip for rapid and simple detection of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone andprostate-specific antigen[J]. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials,2006,7(3):276-281.
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