一种新型车用电磁节能器研究
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摘要
针对目前存在的能源和环保问题,各国相继都采取一定措施鼓励汽车节能、减排技术开发与研究。燃油磁化技术是一种汽车节能减排技术。实验表明,经磁化后的燃油雾化效果更好,燃烧更充分,节油减排效果比较明显。本文在对燃油磁化机理进行深入研究的基础上,设计开发一种新型车用电磁节能器。
本文通过大量实验,对磁化后柴油发动机的燃油经济性、排烟,燃油红外吸收光谱和表面张力进试验研究,对比分析了不同磁场强度时,磁场对柴油发动机燃油经济性和排气烟度的影响,并同时分析了磁场强度与燃油红外吸收强度和燃油表面张力的关系。结果表明:经磁化后的燃油油耗率和排气烟度有所降低。在不同的转速和负荷条件下,磁化后燃油经济性和排气烟度达到最佳效果所需的磁场强度不同。磁化后的燃油红外吸收强度增强,红外吸收强度随磁场强度增强而增强。磁化后燃油的表面张力降低,且表面张力随磁场强度增强而降低。在此理论与实验研究基础上,本文设计制造了一种根据汽车工况改变而改变磁场强度的电磁磁化装置,从而使节能减排的效果更佳。
电磁节能器根据流量传感器输入的流量信号判断发动机的工况,然后与标定的工况参数进行对比,判断出该时刻达到最佳磁化效果所需的磁场强度大小,通过PWM(脉冲宽度调制)控制输出控制磁化器电压大小的信号,从而达到改变电磁节能器磁场强度大小的目的。该电磁节能器以轴对称空心线圈作为磁场产生装置。本文以电磁场的基本理论为基础,建立了线圈计算模型。具体做法是首先建立单个线圈的计算模型,在单个线圈的基础之上建立了轴对称线圈的计算模型。与此同时利用MATLAB软件对磁场强度进行了仿真计算,最后完成线圈参数的设计。
电磁节能器的控制部分由单片机完成。本文给出电磁节能器的硬件功能和结构,并分析了各模块的功能原理,主要包括涡轮流量计、温度传感器、AT89S52单片机管脚和功能、光电耦合处理、斩波电路设计、场效应管驱动电路和显示电路等。在硬件电路设计的基础上,给出了软件流程图。最后完成了电磁节能器的组装和磁场参数测试,结果表明电磁节能器能够达到设计要求。
Aiming at the problem of the energy and environmental protection, some measures have been taken to encourage research and development of automotive energy-saving and exhaust reduction by every country. Fuel magnetization is one kind of the technology of automotive energy-saving and emission reduction. The results of experiment indicate that the atomization effect of the fuel becomes better, the fuel burns more sufficiently and the effect of fuel saving and emission reduction is more obvious after the fuel magnetized. A new type of electromagnetic energy-saving device for vehicle was designed after further investigating the mechanism of the fuel magnetization in this thesis.
The fuel economy, exhaust smoke of diesel engine, the infrared absorption spectrum and surface tension of fuel which was magnetized were studied through abundant experiments. Comparative analysis of the fuel economy and exhaust smoke of the diesel engine was conducted under different magnetic filed intensities. At the same time, the relations between magnetic field intensities and the infrared absorption spectrum, surface tension of fuel were also analyzed. The results indicate that the fuel consumption and exhaust smoke decrease to some degree after the fuel magnetized. Under the different speed and load conditions, the needed magnetic field intensities to meet optimum performance of the fuel economy and exhaust smoke are different after magnetized. The peak strengths of infrared absorption spectrum of the fuel increase after magnetization, moreover, they enhance grow with the magnetic field intensities increasing. The surface tension of fuel decreases after the fuel magnetized, at the same time, they become smaller with the magnetic field intensities increasing. Therefore, an electromagnetic device which changes the magnetic field intensities under different speed and load conditions is designed. So the effects of the fuel saving and emission reduction become more better.
The electromagnetic energy-saving device judges the engine condition according to the input signal of flow sensor which contrasts with the standardized value in order to determine the required magnetic field intensities which achieves the best magnetization effect. The voltage of magnetizer is controlled by PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) for the purpose of changing the magnetic field intensities. This electromagnetic device produces magnetic field by axisymmetric air-core coils. The calculation model of coils is established based on the electromagnetic field essential theory. First, a calculation model of single coil is set up, and then axisymmetric air-core coils are also established. At the same time, a simulation calculation of magnetic field is conducted by using MATLAB software. At last, the design parameters of coils are completed.
The control part of the electromagnetic energy-saving device is conducted by MCU. The hardware functions and structures of electromagnetic energy-saving devices are provided. And the principle functions of each module are analyzed, including turbine flow meters, temperature sensors, AT89S52 MCU pin and functions, optical coupling treatment, chopper circuits, FET drive circuit and display circuit. The flow chart of this system control software is given based on the hardware circuit design. Finally, assembly of the electromagnetic energy-saving devices is completed and the magnetic field strength is tested. The results indicate that the electromagnetic energy-saving device satisfies the design requirements.
本文通过大量实验,对磁化后柴油发动机的燃油经济性、排烟,燃油红外吸收光谱和表面张力进试验研究,对比分析了不同磁场强度时,磁场对柴油发动机燃油经济性和排气烟度的影响,并同时分析了磁场强度与燃油红外吸收强度和燃油表面张力的关系。结果表明:经磁化后的燃油油耗率和排气烟度有所降低。在不同的转速和负荷条件下,磁化后燃油经济性和排气烟度达到最佳效果所需的磁场强度不同。磁化后的燃油红外吸收强度增强,红外吸收强度随磁场强度增强而增强。磁化后燃油的表面张力降低,且表面张力随磁场强度增强而降低。在此理论与实验研究基础上,本文设计制造了一种根据汽车工况改变而改变磁场强度的电磁磁化装置,从而使节能减排的效果更佳。
电磁节能器根据流量传感器输入的流量信号判断发动机的工况,然后与标定的工况参数进行对比,判断出该时刻达到最佳磁化效果所需的磁场强度大小,通过PWM(脉冲宽度调制)控制输出控制磁化器电压大小的信号,从而达到改变电磁节能器磁场强度大小的目的。该电磁节能器以轴对称空心线圈作为磁场产生装置。本文以电磁场的基本理论为基础,建立了线圈计算模型。具体做法是首先建立单个线圈的计算模型,在单个线圈的基础之上建立了轴对称线圈的计算模型。与此同时利用MATLAB软件对磁场强度进行了仿真计算,最后完成线圈参数的设计。
电磁节能器的控制部分由单片机完成。本文给出电磁节能器的硬件功能和结构,并分析了各模块的功能原理,主要包括涡轮流量计、温度传感器、AT89S52单片机管脚和功能、光电耦合处理、斩波电路设计、场效应管驱动电路和显示电路等。在硬件电路设计的基础上,给出了软件流程图。最后完成了电磁节能器的组装和磁场参数测试,结果表明电磁节能器能够达到设计要求。
Aiming at the problem of the energy and environmental protection, some measures have been taken to encourage research and development of automotive energy-saving and exhaust reduction by every country. Fuel magnetization is one kind of the technology of automotive energy-saving and emission reduction. The results of experiment indicate that the atomization effect of the fuel becomes better, the fuel burns more sufficiently and the effect of fuel saving and emission reduction is more obvious after the fuel magnetized. A new type of electromagnetic energy-saving device for vehicle was designed after further investigating the mechanism of the fuel magnetization in this thesis.
The fuel economy, exhaust smoke of diesel engine, the infrared absorption spectrum and surface tension of fuel which was magnetized were studied through abundant experiments. Comparative analysis of the fuel economy and exhaust smoke of the diesel engine was conducted under different magnetic filed intensities. At the same time, the relations between magnetic field intensities and the infrared absorption spectrum, surface tension of fuel were also analyzed. The results indicate that the fuel consumption and exhaust smoke decrease to some degree after the fuel magnetized. Under the different speed and load conditions, the needed magnetic field intensities to meet optimum performance of the fuel economy and exhaust smoke are different after magnetized. The peak strengths of infrared absorption spectrum of the fuel increase after magnetization, moreover, they enhance grow with the magnetic field intensities increasing. The surface tension of fuel decreases after the fuel magnetized, at the same time, they become smaller with the magnetic field intensities increasing. Therefore, an electromagnetic device which changes the magnetic field intensities under different speed and load conditions is designed. So the effects of the fuel saving and emission reduction become more better.
The electromagnetic energy-saving device judges the engine condition according to the input signal of flow sensor which contrasts with the standardized value in order to determine the required magnetic field intensities which achieves the best magnetization effect. The voltage of magnetizer is controlled by PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) for the purpose of changing the magnetic field intensities. This electromagnetic device produces magnetic field by axisymmetric air-core coils. The calculation model of coils is established based on the electromagnetic field essential theory. First, a calculation model of single coil is set up, and then axisymmetric air-core coils are also established. At the same time, a simulation calculation of magnetic field is conducted by using MATLAB software. At last, the design parameters of coils are completed.
The control part of the electromagnetic energy-saving device is conducted by MCU. The hardware functions and structures of electromagnetic energy-saving devices are provided. And the principle functions of each module are analyzed, including turbine flow meters, temperature sensors, AT89S52 MCU pin and functions, optical coupling treatment, chopper circuits, FET drive circuit and display circuit. The flow chart of this system control software is given based on the hardware circuit design. Finally, assembly of the electromagnetic energy-saving devices is completed and the magnetic field strength is tested. The results indicate that the electromagnetic energy-saving device satisfies the design requirements.
引文
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[3]王兆锡.关于汽车节能减排的相关分析[J].应用能源技术, 2009,(9):44-46
[4]张军,李书光,胡松青.磁处理技术的应用与研究进展[J].青岛大学学报(自然科学版), 2002,15(4):71-74
[5]克拉辛.磁化水[M].毛钜凡译.北京:北京计量出版社, 1982:13-74
[6]熊云,胥立红,钟远利.汽车节能技术原理及应用[M].北京:中国石化出版社, 2006: 110-111
[7]林进修等.磁化燃油在发动机节能和降低排放中的应用[J].当代汽车.1990,(3):87-88
[8]曹历娟,洪伟.世界石油危机背景下的我国能源安全[J].生态经济, 2009,(7):94-95
[9]赵利红.磁化燃油节油、减排因素分析及雾化效果验证[D].长春:吉林工业大学, 2000
[10]蔡凤田.汽车节能技术现状与展望[J].汽车运输节能技术, 1996,(1):11-12
[11]赵军,徐中德.燃油磁化高效节油降烟器初探[J].包钢科技, 2005(5):92
[12]罗晓春.燃油磁化节能机理分析及应用[J].工业加热, 2003, (1):57-58
[13]王建忠等.磁场对柴油机燃油性能的影响[J].太原科技, 2009,(6):42-44
[14]成祖佑.燃油磁化处理技术及其应用[J].大氮肥, 1994,(3):180-182
[15]柏静儒等.燃油磁化燃烧技术的试验研究[J].东北电力大学学报, 2007,27,(1):24-28
[16]刘洪鹏.小油枪燃油磁化燃烧特性的试验研究[D].长春:东北电力大学, 2007
[17]曹家喆.现代汽车检测诊断技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2003:91-92
[18]周龙保.内燃机学[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2005:269-273
[19] Pang. XF, Deng. B. Investigation of changes in properties of water under the action of a magnetic field [J]. Science in China Series G: Physics Mechanics and Astronomy, 2008:1621-1632
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