我国意识形态建设的挑战和几个设想
摘要
建立和完善市场经济制度给我们带来巨大的经济利益,同时各种不和谐因素凸现,特别是在意识形态领域,迫切要求我们集中力量解决面临的诸多挑战。
改革的大刀阔斧,带来了利益集团和社会阶层的巨大变化,将产生占总人口40%的新兴的中产阶级阶层,对他们的先进性教育是保持我们党先进性的前提。坚持以人为本,注意保护作为弱势群体的社会贫困阶层的利益,不要在“成功人士”的叙事中剥夺了他们的话语。百年抉择,东学西渐,“器”的顶礼膜拜,造成文明的边缘化,东方主义是国人必须认真面对的挑战。我们的现代化必须解决“经济人”与“道德人”的矛盾,技术理性与终极关怀之间的矛盾。
本文试图从意识形态建设的角度,探讨我国意识形态领域面临的挑战,相应的提出若干建议,希望为我国的现代化建设、民族与文明复兴进绵薄之力。
Ideology is the most popular words since the 20th century, which has been exhibiting huge responsibility for the political realism and development of the whole world. Nowadays, it is very important to enhance the construction of ideology with the development of economic construction in china; meanwhile, the international environment and political subject have changed. From the origins of the concept of ideology, the social function of the ideology, the great challenge of the construction of ideology, this text conceives several plans to enhance the construction of ideology in china. We hope it can play a role in our economic construction, peaceful mightiness, and renewal of civilization.
Chapter 1, the origins of the concept of ideology
The ideology expounded by Marx. The conception of ideology made by Marx has negative property. He regards ideology as a converse consciousness, which came into being a converse world. The ideology means a dual reversal, one is actual process, the other the process of consciousness. Ideology is visional, untruth, it concealed the realism. His negative ideology concentrated on it as opposed to science. He regarded his idea as science (historical materialism) rather than ideology.
The Marxists inherit and develop the concept of ideology. We must further develop the theory of Marx in practice, because his conception of ideology is blurry, and his theory system is half-baked. With a view to property of ideology, it comes through a course from negative to positive during the proletariat’s revolution. With a view to the relationship between economic foundation and superstructure, humanitarian Marxists of west pay more attention to the effect of ideology, whether the maturity of proletariat’s ideology decided everything. With a view to social structure, in the base of Marx theory,
Louis Althusser emphasized particularly on studying the relationship among economic foundation, superstructure and ideology. With a view to the situation and manner of application, the Frankfurt school regarded the theory of ideology as the animadversion of ideology.
Now, I define the conception of ideology: as the system of idea, ideology reflects economic foundation. it is a valuable system which believed in by special social colony. Due to the difference classic situation, difference must be exist among people ideology, the negative ideology must sustain the existent system, embarrass the development of society, the positive ideology must impel the advance of history. Ideology is one of the basic structure of social history, and the component of the social organism.
Chapter 2, the effect of ideology
Ideology offers validity for politics and social integrity. Second, the job of ideology is to serve as a guide for social activities. Ideology is “social cement”and ideaistic banner; ideology is sublimation of social psychology.
Chapter 3, the challenge now confronted the ideology of Chinese Great changes have taken place in the relation of people benefit and stratum structure, which offers the challenge for our party coming into power and the construction of the modernizations. Market economy makes moderns “materialize”or “dissimilative”, even makes people lost their homestead of spirit. Meanwhile, all kinds of non-Marks ideology are all penetrating through the social life of Chinese. China must envisage ideology seriously.
The challenge of keeping advanced property of the proletariate. It remains a burden to clear the feudalistic pernicious influence. Meanwhile, a middle class appears which occupied more than forty percent of whole because the proletariate has professional and intelligent trend. Pluralistic ideology or taking a dim view of ideology
is very obvious in this class, we must inculcate them with advanced education to consolidate our party’s foundation in mass. The dimensionality of animadversion is lost of people’s ideology. First, the freedom of people defined by matter which was founded by market economy, making people lost the mean of work. People was materialized and cleared up to a sign, and changed into machine. As the same time, civilization industrialization licked unilateral idea and behavior mode into shape.
The invading of occident civilization results in the outer direction of orient ancient civilization. The invading of occident civilization result in Sinitic status descends in human civilization. Occident Civilization rely on technology as dominant voice become the future of orient progress. Orient discards their Civilization little by little, therefore, the disappearance of ancient civilization at last.
The moral standard is dropping and our survival in a cleft stick. It’s antinomy between moral desire and lucrative desire of proprietor; It’s antinomy between individual action and social conduct in economic sense. We must solve in the first place. The deviant movement results in civilized faultage, the moral standard is dropping and the belief is collapse. Credit between men is difficulty. Instrumentalism results in the relation between man and nature become worse and the serious social problem. If we want to achieve modernization, we must solve negative influence.
Chapter 4, several conceives for the construction of our ideology in china
First, our aim is to realize the conversion of the studying about Marx in fashion. We must take care of the conversion of text per se and unscrambling mode. The conception, category, idea and theory of Marx and engesi is perpetually changing. We must study Marx from the point of view of history and practice. We must gain a complete
mastery of the idea of Marx from the view of system of theory, and revert to the whole of Marx, and pay equal attention to scientific and revolutionary property, put forth exertions of the criticism of Marx idea, enrich the system of ideology. We must absorb the positive research production of studying capitalism from Marx, solve the problem consisting in the course of modernization. To develop the useful and discard the useless that Marx for Confucian culture, Taoism, further to realize the deep-seated unification of Marx with the culture and the situation of Chinese.
Second, we must realize the multi-development in the guide of the basal principle of Marx. Under Marx’s guidance for our construction of ideology, we must dare to challenge the act of worship for absoluteness truth, create an multi-, equality competition environment, enrich the foundation of theory of Marx, realize culture of Chinese to return to the center from the edge position of international culture.
Third, we must develop productivity energetically. The international competition requires us to fabricate high speed, high benefit development system of civil economy. We must break the hegemony of saying right to clear up the fashion of saying ideology, develop productivity is furthermore needed.
The forth, we must fabricate honesty society. Nowadays, the lost of honesty in Chinese is very seriously, which needed synthetically father. We should be emphasize particularly on the following three countermeasure: taking care of assimilating nutrients from the tradition moral of Chinese and the advanced culture of west country base on improving the whole moralities; we must fabricate a high efficiency, full-scale and uniform credit system as precondition; we must make sure of perfecting honest juristic system was fabricated to strengthen the authority of law and increase the cost of breaking faith.
改革的大刀阔斧,带来了利益集团和社会阶层的巨大变化,将产生占总人口40%的新兴的中产阶级阶层,对他们的先进性教育是保持我们党先进性的前提。坚持以人为本,注意保护作为弱势群体的社会贫困阶层的利益,不要在“成功人士”的叙事中剥夺了他们的话语。百年抉择,东学西渐,“器”的顶礼膜拜,造成文明的边缘化,东方主义是国人必须认真面对的挑战。我们的现代化必须解决“经济人”与“道德人”的矛盾,技术理性与终极关怀之间的矛盾。
本文试图从意识形态建设的角度,探讨我国意识形态领域面临的挑战,相应的提出若干建议,希望为我国的现代化建设、民族与文明复兴进绵薄之力。
Ideology is the most popular words since the 20th century, which has been exhibiting huge responsibility for the political realism and development of the whole world. Nowadays, it is very important to enhance the construction of ideology with the development of economic construction in china; meanwhile, the international environment and political subject have changed. From the origins of the concept of ideology, the social function of the ideology, the great challenge of the construction of ideology, this text conceives several plans to enhance the construction of ideology in china. We hope it can play a role in our economic construction, peaceful mightiness, and renewal of civilization.
Chapter 1, the origins of the concept of ideology
The ideology expounded by Marx. The conception of ideology made by Marx has negative property. He regards ideology as a converse consciousness, which came into being a converse world. The ideology means a dual reversal, one is actual process, the other the process of consciousness. Ideology is visional, untruth, it concealed the realism. His negative ideology concentrated on it as opposed to science. He regarded his idea as science (historical materialism) rather than ideology.
The Marxists inherit and develop the concept of ideology. We must further develop the theory of Marx in practice, because his conception of ideology is blurry, and his theory system is half-baked. With a view to property of ideology, it comes through a course from negative to positive during the proletariat’s revolution. With a view to the relationship between economic foundation and superstructure, humanitarian Marxists of west pay more attention to the effect of ideology, whether the maturity of proletariat’s ideology decided everything. With a view to social structure, in the base of Marx theory,
Louis Althusser emphasized particularly on studying the relationship among economic foundation, superstructure and ideology. With a view to the situation and manner of application, the Frankfurt school regarded the theory of ideology as the animadversion of ideology.
Now, I define the conception of ideology: as the system of idea, ideology reflects economic foundation. it is a valuable system which believed in by special social colony. Due to the difference classic situation, difference must be exist among people ideology, the negative ideology must sustain the existent system, embarrass the development of society, the positive ideology must impel the advance of history. Ideology is one of the basic structure of social history, and the component of the social organism.
Chapter 2, the effect of ideology
Ideology offers validity for politics and social integrity. Second, the job of ideology is to serve as a guide for social activities. Ideology is “social cement”and ideaistic banner; ideology is sublimation of social psychology.
Chapter 3, the challenge now confronted the ideology of Chinese Great changes have taken place in the relation of people benefit and stratum structure, which offers the challenge for our party coming into power and the construction of the modernizations. Market economy makes moderns “materialize”or “dissimilative”, even makes people lost their homestead of spirit. Meanwhile, all kinds of non-Marks ideology are all penetrating through the social life of Chinese. China must envisage ideology seriously.
The challenge of keeping advanced property of the proletariate. It remains a burden to clear the feudalistic pernicious influence. Meanwhile, a middle class appears which occupied more than forty percent of whole because the proletariate has professional and intelligent trend. Pluralistic ideology or taking a dim view of ideology
is very obvious in this class, we must inculcate them with advanced education to consolidate our party’s foundation in mass. The dimensionality of animadversion is lost of people’s ideology. First, the freedom of people defined by matter which was founded by market economy, making people lost the mean of work. People was materialized and cleared up to a sign, and changed into machine. As the same time, civilization industrialization licked unilateral idea and behavior mode into shape.
The invading of occident civilization results in the outer direction of orient ancient civilization. The invading of occident civilization result in Sinitic status descends in human civilization. Occident Civilization rely on technology as dominant voice become the future of orient progress. Orient discards their Civilization little by little, therefore, the disappearance of ancient civilization at last.
The moral standard is dropping and our survival in a cleft stick. It’s antinomy between moral desire and lucrative desire of proprietor; It’s antinomy between individual action and social conduct in economic sense. We must solve in the first place. The deviant movement results in civilized faultage, the moral standard is dropping and the belief is collapse. Credit between men is difficulty. Instrumentalism results in the relation between man and nature become worse and the serious social problem. If we want to achieve modernization, we must solve negative influence.
Chapter 4, several conceives for the construction of our ideology in china
First, our aim is to realize the conversion of the studying about Marx in fashion. We must take care of the conversion of text per se and unscrambling mode. The conception, category, idea and theory of Marx and engesi is perpetually changing. We must study Marx from the point of view of history and practice. We must gain a complete
mastery of the idea of Marx from the view of system of theory, and revert to the whole of Marx, and pay equal attention to scientific and revolutionary property, put forth exertions of the criticism of Marx idea, enrich the system of ideology. We must absorb the positive research production of studying capitalism from Marx, solve the problem consisting in the course of modernization. To develop the useful and discard the useless that Marx for Confucian culture, Taoism, further to realize the deep-seated unification of Marx with the culture and the situation of Chinese.
Second, we must realize the multi-development in the guide of the basal principle of Marx. Under Marx’s guidance for our construction of ideology, we must dare to challenge the act of worship for absoluteness truth, create an multi-, equality competition environment, enrich the foundation of theory of Marx, realize culture of Chinese to return to the center from the edge position of international culture.
Third, we must develop productivity energetically. The international competition requires us to fabricate high speed, high benefit development system of civil economy. We must break the hegemony of saying right to clear up the fashion of saying ideology, develop productivity is furthermore needed.
The forth, we must fabricate honesty society. Nowadays, the lost of honesty in Chinese is very seriously, which needed synthetically father. We should be emphasize particularly on the following three countermeasure: taking care of assimilating nutrients from the tradition moral of Chinese and the advanced culture of west country base on improving the whole moralities; we must fabricate a high efficiency, full-scale and uniform credit system as precondition; we must make sure of perfecting honest juristic system was fabricated to strengthen the authority of law and increase the cost of breaking faith.
引文
(01)《马克思恩格斯选集》,人民出版社,1972 年版
(02)《马克思恩格斯全集》,22 卷,人民出版社
(03)康德:《道德形而上学原理》,苗力田译,上海人民出版社,2002 年版
(04)列宁:《列宁选集》,第4 卷,北京,人民出版社,1972 年版
(05)列宁:《怎么办?》,北京外文出版社,1973 年版
(06)列宁:《什么是“人民之友”以及它们如何攻击社会主义者?》,北京外文出版社,1973 年版
(07)毛泽东:《毛泽东文集》,第6 卷,北京,人民出版社,1993 年版
(08)邓小平:《邓小平文选》,第3 卷,北京,人民出版社,1993 年版
(09)杨玉《现代科技革命与马克思主义》,吉林大学出版社,2003 年版
(10)姚大志《现代意识形态理论》,黑龙江人民出版社,1993 年版
(11)马克斯·韦伯《新教伦理与资本主义精神》,陕西师范大学出版社,2002年版
(12)衣俊卿《文化哲学十五讲》,北京大学出版社,2004 年版
(13)孙正聿《哲学通论》,辽宁人民出版社,1998 年版
(14)赛义德:《东方主义》(Orientalism),纽约,同代丛书1979 年版,
(15)福柯:《权力的眼睛———福柯访谈录》,上海人民出版社,1997 年版
(16)大卫·格里芬《后现代科学——科学魅力的再现》,中央编译出版社,1995年版
(17)陈嘉明《现代性与后现代性》,人民出版社,2001 年版
(18)拉布里奥拉:《关于历史唯物主义》,人民出版社,1984 年版
(19)普列汉诺夫:《论一元论历史观之发展》,三联书店,1973 年版
(20)卢卡奇:《历史和阶级意识》,美国mit 出版社,1971 年版,
(21)葛兰西:《狱中札记》,中国社会科学出版社,2000 年版
(22)阿尔都塞:《保卫马克思》,商务印书馆,1984 年版
(23)[美]布鲁斯·拉西特等著:《世界政治》,华夏出版社,2001 年版
(24)哈贝马斯:《合法化危机》,上海人民出版社,2000 年版
(25)[美]迈克尔·罗斯金等著:《政治科学》,华夏出版社,2001 年版,
(26)维克多·奥辛廷斯基:《未来启示录——苏美思想家谈未来》,上海译
(02)《马克思恩格斯全集》,22 卷,人民出版社
(03)康德:《道德形而上学原理》,苗力田译,上海人民出版社,2002 年版
(04)列宁:《列宁选集》,第4 卷,北京,人民出版社,1972 年版
(05)列宁:《怎么办?》,北京外文出版社,1973 年版
(06)列宁:《什么是“人民之友”以及它们如何攻击社会主义者?》,北京外文出版社,1973 年版
(07)毛泽东:《毛泽东文集》,第6 卷,北京,人民出版社,1993 年版
(08)邓小平:《邓小平文选》,第3 卷,北京,人民出版社,1993 年版
(09)杨玉《现代科技革命与马克思主义》,吉林大学出版社,2003 年版
(10)姚大志《现代意识形态理论》,黑龙江人民出版社,1993 年版
(11)马克斯·韦伯《新教伦理与资本主义精神》,陕西师范大学出版社,2002年版
(12)衣俊卿《文化哲学十五讲》,北京大学出版社,2004 年版
(13)孙正聿《哲学通论》,辽宁人民出版社,1998 年版
(14)赛义德:《东方主义》(Orientalism),纽约,同代丛书1979 年版,
(15)福柯:《权力的眼睛———福柯访谈录》,上海人民出版社,1997 年版
(16)大卫·格里芬《后现代科学——科学魅力的再现》,中央编译出版社,1995年版
(17)陈嘉明《现代性与后现代性》,人民出版社,2001 年版
(18)拉布里奥拉:《关于历史唯物主义》,人民出版社,1984 年版
(19)普列汉诺夫:《论一元论历史观之发展》,三联书店,1973 年版
(20)卢卡奇:《历史和阶级意识》,美国mit 出版社,1971 年版,
(21)葛兰西:《狱中札记》,中国社会科学出版社,2000 年版
(22)阿尔都塞:《保卫马克思》,商务印书馆,1984 年版
(23)[美]布鲁斯·拉西特等著:《世界政治》,华夏出版社,2001 年版
(24)哈贝马斯:《合法化危机》,上海人民出版社,2000 年版
(25)[美]迈克尔·罗斯金等著:《政治科学》,华夏出版社,2001 年版,
(26)维克多·奥辛廷斯基:《未来启示录——苏美思想家谈未来》,上海译
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