青霉菌与生物炭复合修复土壤砷污染的研究
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摘要
采用随机区组设计,分别对添加不同量的青霉菌和生物炭的砷污染土壤进行培养,通过测定土壤中的As~(3+)、As~(5+)及总砷含量,探究了青霉菌与生物碳复合修复对砷污染土壤中有效砷的钝化率及土壤中砷的价态转化的影响,同时对土壤中的微生物数量进行区系分析,建立了微生物数量与有效砷含量之间的关系.结果显示,随着青霉菌接菌量与生物炭施用量的增加,土壤中总砷含量不会发生变化,有效砷含量从17.74 mg·kg~(-1)下降到12.69 mg·kg~(-1),有效砷的钝化率可达到27.6%左右.而两种价态的砷(As~(5+)、As~(3+))之间没有发生转化,约27%的As~(5+)会被青霉菌与生物炭固定,但As~(3+)在土壤中的含量基本保持不变.在有效砷含量下降的同时,土壤中放线菌的含量基本不变,但土壤中细菌的总量有所上升.结果表明,青霉菌与生物碳复合修复可以降低有效砷的含量,并使砷污染土壤中的微生物环境有所改善,对砷污染土壤显示出较好的修复性能.
In this paper, a randomized block design was used to cultivate with different amounts of penicillium and biochar for the remediation of arsenic-contaminated soil. By measuring the concentrations of As~(3+), As~(5+) and total arsenic in the soil, the effects of the penicillium and biochar on the passivation rate of arsenic and the conversion of the valence state of arsenic in the arsenic-contaminated soil were investigated. Meanwhile, the relationship between the amount of microorganisms and the effective arsenic content was established through the analysis of the number of microflora in the soil. The experimental results show that the total arsenic content in soil did not change with the increase of the applied amount of penicillium and biochar. The effective arsenic content decreased from 17.74 to 12.69 mg·kg~(-1), and the passivation rate of effective arsenic reached up to 27.6%. However, there was no conversion between the two valence of arsenic(As~(5+), As~(3+)), and about 27% of As~(5+) was fixed by penicillium and biochar, but the content of As~(3+) in soil remained unchanged basically. While the effective arsenic content decreased, the content of actinomycetes in soil remained basically the same, but the total amount of bacteria in soil increased. The results show that the combined remediation of penicillium and biochar could reduce the content of effective arsenic, improve the microbial environment in the arsenic-contaminated soil, and show good remediation performance to the arsenic-contaminated soil.
In this paper, a randomized block design was used to cultivate with different amounts of penicillium and biochar for the remediation of arsenic-contaminated soil. By measuring the concentrations of As~(3+), As~(5+) and total arsenic in the soil, the effects of the penicillium and biochar on the passivation rate of arsenic and the conversion of the valence state of arsenic in the arsenic-contaminated soil were investigated. Meanwhile, the relationship between the amount of microorganisms and the effective arsenic content was established through the analysis of the number of microflora in the soil. The experimental results show that the total arsenic content in soil did not change with the increase of the applied amount of penicillium and biochar. The effective arsenic content decreased from 17.74 to 12.69 mg·kg~(-1), and the passivation rate of effective arsenic reached up to 27.6%. However, there was no conversion between the two valence of arsenic(As~(5+), As~(3+)), and about 27% of As~(5+) was fixed by penicillium and biochar, but the content of As~(3+) in soil remained unchanged basically. While the effective arsenic content decreased, the content of actinomycetes in soil remained basically the same, but the total amount of bacteria in soil increased. The results show that the combined remediation of penicillium and biochar could reduce the content of effective arsenic, improve the microbial environment in the arsenic-contaminated soil, and show good remediation performance to the arsenic-contaminated soil.
引文
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高松,谢丽.2009.中国土壤砷污染现状及修复治理技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,37(14):6587-6589
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纪冬丽,孟凡生,薛浩,等.2016.国内外土壤砷污染及其修复技术现状与展望[J].环境工程技术学报,6(1):90-99
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任春强,张云,杨明.2014.土壤砷污染修复技术研究进展[J].环境保护与循环经济,34(6):30-33
饶霜,卢阳,黄飞,等.2016.生物炭对土壤微生物的影响研究进展[J].生态与农村环境学报,32(1):53-59
孙璐,丛海扬,姚一夫.2012.土壤砷污染的微生物修复技术研究进展[J].污染防治技术,25(4):9-14
苏世鸣,曾希柏,白玲玉,等.2010.微生物对砷的作用机理及利用真菌修复砷污染土壤的可行性[J].应用生态学报,21(12):3266-3272
Su S,Zeng X,Bai L,et al.2010.Bioaccumulation and biovolatilisation of pentavalent arsenic by penicillin janthinellum,fusarium oxysporum,and trichoderma asperellum,under laboratory conditions[J].Current Microbiology,61(4):261-266
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王天亮.2017.氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定土壤样品中砷、汞的研究及应用[D].长春:吉林大学
王婷.2013.高效诱变菌与生物炭复合修复重金属污染土壤的研究[D].天津:南开大学
邢英,张永航,韦万丽,等.2015.生物炭钝化修复镉、铅、铜和砷污染土壤的研究进展[J].贵州农业科学,43(7):193-197
许妍哲,方战强.2015.生物炭修复土壤重金属的研究进展[J].环境工程,33(2):156-159
姚玲丹,程广焕,王丽晓,等.2015.施用生物炭对土壤微生物的影响[J].环境化学,34(4):697-704
Yang Z,Wu Z,Liao Y,et al.2017.Combination of microbial oxidation and biogenic schwertmannite immobilization:A potential remediation for highly arsenic-contaminated soil[J].Chemosphere,181:1-8
张静,刘晓端,江林.2008.土壤中不同形态砷的分析方法[J].岩矿测试,27(3):179-183
郑坤,耿丽平,赵全利,等.2015.硅酸盐菌剂对污染土壤中砷、硅活性的影响效应研究[J].水土保持学报,29(5):146-151
崔健.2013.高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱仪若干关键技术的研究及其在砷形态分析中的应用[D].天津:天津大学
邓西海,王擎运,蒋其鳌.2013.液相色谱与原子荧光联用分析土壤中不同形态的砷[C].江苏省无机光谱分析学术研讨会.南京:110-113
戴树桂.2006.环境化学(第2版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社
高松,谢丽.2009.中国土壤砷污染现状及修复治理技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,37(14):6587-6589
顾海东,陈邵鹏,秦宏兵.2012.高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱联用分析土壤中形态砷[J].环境监测管理与技术,24(1):38-42
和秋红,曾希柏.2008.土壤中砷的形态转化及其分析方法[J].应用生态学报,19(12):2763-2768
纪冬丽,孟凡生,薛浩,等.2016.国内外土壤砷污染及其修复技术现状与展望[J].环境工程技术学报,6(1):90-99
鲁秀国,过依婷,奉向东.2018.生物炭对土壤中重金属作用及影响研究进展[J].应用化工,47(4):775-779
潘蓉,曹理想,张仁铎.2010.青霉菌和镰刀菌对重金属Cd2+、Cu2+、Zn2+和Pb2+的吸附特性[J].环境科学学报,30(3):477-484
秦玉燕,王运儒,时鹏涛,等.2017.土壤中砷形态分析研究进展[J].分析科学学报,33(4):573-581
任春强,张云,杨明.2014.土壤砷污染修复技术研究进展[J].环境保护与循环经济,34(6):30-33
饶霜,卢阳,黄飞,等.2016.生物炭对土壤微生物的影响研究进展[J].生态与农村环境学报,32(1):53-59
孙璐,丛海扬,姚一夫.2012.土壤砷污染的微生物修复技术研究进展[J].污染防治技术,25(4):9-14
苏世鸣,曾希柏,白玲玉,等.2010.微生物对砷的作用机理及利用真菌修复砷污染土壤的可行性[J].应用生态学报,21(12):3266-3272
Su S,Zeng X,Bai L,et al.2010.Bioaccumulation and biovolatilisation of pentavalent arsenic by penicillin janthinellum,fusarium oxysporum,and trichoderma asperellum,under laboratory conditions[J].Current Microbiology,61(4):261-266
Visoottiviseth P,Panviroj N.2001.Selection of fungi capable of removing toxic arsenic compounds from liquid medium[J].Sci Asia,27:83-92
王天亮.2017.氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定土壤样品中砷、汞的研究及应用[D].长春:吉林大学
王婷.2013.高效诱变菌与生物炭复合修复重金属污染土壤的研究[D].天津:南开大学
邢英,张永航,韦万丽,等.2015.生物炭钝化修复镉、铅、铜和砷污染土壤的研究进展[J].贵州农业科学,43(7):193-197
许妍哲,方战强.2015.生物炭修复土壤重金属的研究进展[J].环境工程,33(2):156-159
姚玲丹,程广焕,王丽晓,等.2015.施用生物炭对土壤微生物的影响[J].环境化学,34(4):697-704
Yang Z,Wu Z,Liao Y,et al.2017.Combination of microbial oxidation and biogenic schwertmannite immobilization:A potential remediation for highly arsenic-contaminated soil[J].Chemosphere,181:1-8
张静,刘晓端,江林.2008.土壤中不同形态砷的分析方法[J].岩矿测试,27(3):179-183
郑坤,耿丽平,赵全利,等.2015.硅酸盐菌剂对污染土壤中砷、硅活性的影响效应研究[J].水土保持学报,29(5):146-151
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