盐碱地原位工程化根治技术在盐碱地春小麦上的应用效果

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英文篇名：Study on the Effect of the Saline Land Situ Engineering Radical Resection Technology of Spring Wheat in Saline 作者：史中兴 ; 闫立泰 ; 刘斌 ; 何巨峰 ; 寇燕燕 英文作者：SHI Zhongxing;YAN Litai;LIU Bin;HE Jufeng;KOU Yanyan;Gansu Jingtaichuang Irrigation Management Beaure;College of Horticultural,Gansu Agricultural University; 关键词：盐碱地原位工程化根治技术 ; 盐碱地 ; 春小麦 ; 凹晶材料 ; 景电灌区 英文关键词：Saline land in situ engineering radical resection technology;;Saline land;;Spring wheat;;Concave crystal material;;Jingdian irrigation area 中文刊名：甘肃农业科技 英文刊名：Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology 机构：甘肃省景泰川电力提灌管理局;甘肃农业大学园艺学院; 出版日期：2019-09-25 出版单位：甘肃农业科技 年：2019 期：09 基金：甘肃省水利重点科研计划项目“景电灌区盐碱地原位工程化根治技术研究与应用”(甘水科外发〔2018〕70号) 语种：中文; 页：53-58 页数：6 CN：62-1050/S ISSN：1001-1463 分类号：S156.4;S512.12

摘要

为明确盐碱地原位工程化根治技术对盐碱地的治理效果,在大田条件下以春小麦品种宁春39号为试材,研究了凹晶材料不同铺设量(45 t/hm2、30 t/hm2)对盐碱地土壤养分和春小麦物候期和生育期、农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明,铺设凹晶材料的2个处理对照不铺设凹晶材料的脱盐率为18.5%～34.6%,土壤pH降低0.31～0.34,可提高土壤的有机质、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷含量,利于土壤养分的改善和培肥地力。盐碱地原位工程化根治技术使盐碱地春小麦的分蘖期、拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期均提前,全生育期天数缩短7～10 d,并随凹晶材料铺设量的增加,效果越显著,可显著提高盐碱地春小麦的株高、穗长、穗粒数、成穗数和千粒重,铺设凹晶材料的2个处理穗粒数较对照不铺设凹晶材料分别增长30.9%、14.4%,成穗数较对照不铺设凹晶材料分别提高13.9%、10.2%,千粒重较对照不铺设凹晶材料分别提高20.4%、21.8%,较对照不铺设凹晶材料增产1 600.0、1 155.6 kg/hm2,增产率分别达到68.1%、49.2%。
        In order to clear the regulation effect of the saline land situ engineering radical resection technology in saline,using wheat cultivar Ningchun 39 as a test material under field conditions,to study the influnce on the soil nutrient and phenophase and growth period and gronomic characters and yield of wheat by the different quantity of concave crystal materials(45 t/hm2 and 30 t/hm2)of the saline land situ engineering radical resection technology. The results showed that the desalination rate of the two treatments for laying concave materials was 18.5% ～ 34.6% compared with that for laying non-concave materials,and the soil pH is reduced by 0.31～0.34,which can improve soil organic matter and available nitrogen and total phosphorus and available phosphorus,and is beneficial to improve soil nutrient and fertility. The saline land situ engineering radical resection technology advances the tillering stage and jointing stage and heading stage and maturity stages of the wheat,and the whole growth period is shortened by 7～10 days. With the increase of the quantity of concave crystal materials,the effect is more significant. The plant height and ear length and grains per spike and ear number and 1000-grain weight of wheat could be significantly increased by the technology. Compared with the control,the grains per spike increased by 30.9% and 14.4%,the ear number increased by 3.3% and 13.9% and the 1000-grain weight increased by20.4% and 21.8%,the yield gain reached 1 156.1 kg/hm2 to 1 600.8 kg/hm2,and the increasing rate of 49.2% to68.1%.

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