黄陵地区中生代含煤岩系油气与铀成矿的耦合关系
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摘要
为了明确黄陵地区中生代含煤岩系油气与铀成矿的耦合关系,进行了钻孔与剖面的野外地质调查、钻孔资料与实验数据的分析与处理、油气藏与铀矿(点)信息的综合整理,系统研究了中生代含煤岩系构造–沉积体系、铀矿地质特征和油气地质特征,从油气藏与铀矿(点)的空间分布关系、含烃流体与铀的伴生蚀变矿物的成因关系以及烃源岩生烃与铀成矿的时间关系展开讨论。研究表明:中生代含煤岩系铀矿(点)多分布在基岩剥蚀边界或小型断裂附近,且水平投影位于油气有利相带周缘;烃类流体组分及煤层气的中间产物可能参与氧化还原反应,生成黄铁矿、方解石等与铀矿物具有密切伴生关系的矿物;中生代含煤岩系烃源岩主生烃期和排烃期总体早于铀矿主成矿期,烃类流体可能通过运移影响铀成矿作用。
In order to clarify the coupling relationship between oil and gas of Mesozoic coal-bearing measures(reservoir)and uranium deposits(points) in Huangling area, field geology investigations of boreholes and sections, analysis and processing of borehole data and experimental data, and integration of reservoir and uranium(point) information were carried out.Collation and systematic study of tectonic-sedimentary systems of Mesozoic coal-bearing mesure, uranium geological characteristics, oil and gas geology characteristics, spatial distribution relationship between hydrocarbon reservoirs and uranium deposits, genetic relationship between hydrocarbon-bearing fluids and uranium-associated altered minerals, and the time relationship between hydrocarbons and uranium mineralization were discussed. The study shows that the uranium deposits of Mesozoic coal-bearing(spots) measures were mostly distributed near the boundary of the bedrock erosion or small faults, and the horizontal projection is located at the periphery of the favorable oil and gas facies belt. The hydrocarbon fluid components and the intermediate products of the coalbed gas may have participated in the re-dox reactions, then the uranium associated altered minerals such as pyrite, clay minerals, and calcite have been produced. The main hydrocarbon generation period of Mesozoic coal-bearing source rocks was overall earlier than the main miner-alization period of uranium deposits, and hydrocarbon fluids may have migration time conditions that affected uranium mineralization.
In order to clarify the coupling relationship between oil and gas of Mesozoic coal-bearing measures(reservoir)and uranium deposits(points) in Huangling area, field geology investigations of boreholes and sections, analysis and processing of borehole data and experimental data, and integration of reservoir and uranium(point) information were carried out.Collation and systematic study of tectonic-sedimentary systems of Mesozoic coal-bearing mesure, uranium geological characteristics, oil and gas geology characteristics, spatial distribution relationship between hydrocarbon reservoirs and uranium deposits, genetic relationship between hydrocarbon-bearing fluids and uranium-associated altered minerals, and the time relationship between hydrocarbons and uranium mineralization were discussed. The study shows that the uranium deposits of Mesozoic coal-bearing(spots) measures were mostly distributed near the boundary of the bedrock erosion or small faults, and the horizontal projection is located at the periphery of the favorable oil and gas facies belt. The hydrocarbon fluid components and the intermediate products of the coalbed gas may have participated in the re-dox reactions, then the uranium associated altered minerals such as pyrite, clay minerals, and calcite have been produced. The main hydrocarbon generation period of Mesozoic coal-bearing source rocks was overall earlier than the main miner-alization period of uranium deposits, and hydrocarbon fluids may have migration time conditions that affected uranium mineralization.
引文
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[3]张云霞,陈纯芳,宋艳波,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界烃源岩特征及油源对比[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(2):173-177.ZHANG Yunxia,CHEN Chunfang,SONG Yanbo,et al.Features of Mesozoic source rocks and oil-source correlation in southern Ordos basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2012,34(2):173-177.
[4]刘阳,曹惠锋,计波,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部双龙地区铀储层空间分布与成因[J].中国西部科技,2015,14(5):32-34.LIU Yang,CAO Huifeng,JI Bo,et al.The spatial distribution and genesis of uranium reservoir in Shuanglong area,south Ordos basin[J].Science and Technology of West China,2015,14(5):32-34.
[5]张字龙,范洪海,蔡煜琦,等.鄂尔多斯盆地黄陵地区直罗组有机地球化学特征及其与铀成矿关系[J].地质学报,2016,90(12):3408-3423.ZHANG Zilong,FAN Honghai,CAI Yuqi,et al.The organic geochemical characteristics of the Zhiluo Formation and its relationship with uranium mineralization in the Huangling area,Ordos basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2016,90(12):3408-3423.
[6]李晓翠,刘武生,贾立城,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部砂岩型铀矿成矿预测[J].铀矿地质,2014,30(5):321-327.LI Xiaocui,LIU Wusheng,JIA Licheng,et al.Prognosis of sandstone hosted uranium deposit in southern Ordos basin[J].Uranium Geology,2014,30(5):321-327.
[7]朱筱敏,邓秀芹,刘自亮,等.大型坳陷湖盆浅水辫状河三角洲沉积特征及模式:以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组为例[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):19-28.ZHU Xiaomin,DENG Xiuqin,LIU Ziliang,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and model of shallow braided delta in large scale lacustrine:An example from triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2013,20(2):19-28.
[8]李士春,冯朝荣,殷世江.鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界延长组沉积体系与油气富集[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(2):79-83.LI Shichun,FENG Chaorong,YIN Shijiang.Sedimentary system and hydrocarbon enrichment of Yanchang Formation in southern Ordos basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2010,22(2):79-83.
[9]何卫军.鄂尔多斯盆地南部侏罗系直罗组-安定组沉积体系研究[D].西安:西北大学,2007.
[10]俞桂英,冯景昌.黄陵矿区煤、油、气共生概况及综合勘探的重要性[J].中国煤田地质,1993,5(3):3-7.YU Guiying,FENG Jingchang.The symbiosis of coal,oil and gas in Huangling mining area and the importance of comprehensive exploration[J].China Coal Geology,1993,5(3):3-7.
[11]张字龙,范洪海,贺锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南缘彬县地区水文地球化学及铀成矿作用特征[J].地质通报,2017,36(4):503-510.ZHANG Zilong,FAN Honghai,HE Feng,et al.Features of hydro-geochemistry and uranium metallogenes is in Binxian area on the southern margin of Ordos basin[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2017,36(4):503-510.
[12]彭小华,曹惠锋,刘厚宁.鄂尔多斯盆地南部双龙地区铀成矿特征分析[J].世界核地质科学,2018,35(1):8-15.PENG Xiaohua,CAO Huifeng,LIU Houning.Analysis on uranium metallogenic characteristics in Shuanglong area,southern Ordos basin[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2018,35(1):8-15.
[13]李君权,李海飞,李晓锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地黄陵地区延长组烃源岩特征评价[J].化学工程与装备,2015(4):140-143.LI Junquan,LI Haifei,LI Xiaofeng,et al.Evaluation of hydrocarbon Source rocks of Yanchang Formation in Huangling area of Ordos basin[J].Chemical Engineering&Equipment,2015(4):140-143.
[14]张海林,邓南涛,李强,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组烃源岩分布及其地球化学特征[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(1):31-43.ZHANG Hailin,DENG Nantao,LI Qiang,et al.Distribution and geochemistry characteristic of the source rocks from Yanchang Formation in the southern part of Ordos basin[J].Journal of Lanzhou Univerity(Natural Sciences),2015,51(1):31-43.
[15]屈红军,杨县超,曹金舟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组深层油气聚集规律[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):243-248.QU Hongjun,YANG Xianchao,CAO Jinzhou,et al.Oil accumulation rules in deep zones of upper triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(2):243-248.
[16]陈飞,胡光义,孙立春,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组层序地层格架内沉积相特征与演化[J].古地理学报,2012,14(3):321-330.CHEN Fei,HU Guangyi,SUN Lichun,et al.Characteristics of sedimentary facies and evolutionin sequence stratigraphic framework of the upper triassic Yanchang Formation in southern Ordos basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2012,14(3):321-330.
[17]邓秀芹,付金华,姚泾利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中及上三叠统延长组沉积相与油气勘探的突破[J].古地理学报,2011,13(4):443-455.DENG Xiuqin,FU Jinhua,YAO Jingli,et al.Sedimentary facies of the middle-upper triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos basin and breakthrough in petroleum exploration[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2011,13(4):443-455.
[18]田文广,邵龙义,张继东,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部侏罗系煤层气成因探究[J].中国矿业,2015,24(5):81-85.TIAN Wenguang,SHAO Longyi,ZHANG Jidong,et al.Analysis of genetic types of the coalbed methane of Jurassic Formation,southern Ordos basin[J].China Mining Magazine,2015,24(5):81-85.
[19]黄彩霞,张枝焕,李宇翔,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区延长组烃源岩生烃动力学研究及模拟结果分析[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2013,35(8):21-27.HUANG Caixia,ZHANG Zhihuan,LI Yuxiang,et al.Hydrocarbon generation kinetics and simulation result analysis of source rocks in Yanchang Formation of the southern Ordos basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology(Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute),2013,35(8):21-27.
[20]李洪英,赫英,杨磊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘煤中沥青微量元素和稀土元素特征[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(2):159-162.LI Hongying,HE Ying,YANG Lei,et al.Characteristics of bitumen trace elements and rare earth elements of coal in southeastern margin of Ordos basin[J].Xin Jiang Petroleum Geology,2008,29(2):159-162.
[21]李洪英,赫英,杨磊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地石油中沥青的地球化学特征[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(3):313-315.LI Hongying,HE Ying,YANG Lei,et al.Geochemical characteristics of oil bitumen in Ordos basin[J].Xin Jiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(3):313-315.
[22]晋香兰,张泓.鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系低煤阶煤层气系统演化[J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(5):17-24.JIN Xianglan,ZHANG Hong.Evolution of Jurassic low rank coal CBM system in Ordos basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2014,42(5):17-24.
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