东南沿海某水源地水质健康风险评价
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摘要
以东南沿海某典型水库型饮用水水源地(水库A和水库B)为研究区域,根据2007—2016年期间的水质监测数据,采用美国环保署的健康风险评价模型(US EPA health-based risk assessment model)进行水质健康风险评价.结果表明,水库A和水库B对于成人的健康总风险分别为3.21×10~(-5)和3.26×10~(-5) a~(-1)(风险等级Ⅱ级,属低-中等水平),对于儿童则分别为1.05×10~(-4)和1.07×10~(-4) a~(-1)(风险等级Ⅳ级,属中-高等水平).健康总风险包括致癌风险和非致癌风险,而在该水源地前者高于后者3—4个数量级.该水源地的主要致癌污染物是As、Cd和Cr~(6+),其中Cr~(6+)和As是关键致癌污染物,在致癌风险中的比重高达98%.在2007—2016年期间,水库B对于成人和儿童的水质健康总风险具有显著上升趋势.
Drinking water quality is of great concern to the public as it directly affects human health.Taking a representative drinking water source(Reservoir A and Reservoir B) in the southeast coastal area of China as the study area, and using the water quality data during 2007—2016, this paper assessed human health risks using the US EPA health-based risk assessment model. Results showed that, the total health risks for adult of Reservoir A and Reservoir B were 3.21×10~(-5) a~(-1) and 3.26×10~(-5) a~(-1)(Risk level Ⅱ, at low-moderate level),while for children were 1.05×10~(-4) a~(-1) and 1.07×10~(-4) a~(-1)(Risk level Ⅳ, at moderate-high level), respectively. The total human health risk includes carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk, while the former was about 3—4 orders of magnitude higher than the later. The major carcinogenic contaminants in this drinking water source were As, Cd and Cr~(6+), in which Cr~(6+) and As were the key carcinogenic contaminants that accounted for 98% of the carcinogenic risk. During 2007—2016, the health risks to both adult and children in Reservoir B showed significant increasing trends.
Drinking water quality is of great concern to the public as it directly affects human health.Taking a representative drinking water source(Reservoir A and Reservoir B) in the southeast coastal area of China as the study area, and using the water quality data during 2007—2016, this paper assessed human health risks using the US EPA health-based risk assessment model. Results showed that, the total health risks for adult of Reservoir A and Reservoir B were 3.21×10~(-5) a~(-1) and 3.26×10~(-5) a~(-1)(Risk level Ⅱ, at low-moderate level),while for children were 1.05×10~(-4) a~(-1) and 1.07×10~(-4) a~(-1)(Risk level Ⅳ, at moderate-high level), respectively. The total human health risk includes carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk, while the former was about 3—4 orders of magnitude higher than the later. The major carcinogenic contaminants in this drinking water source were As, Cd and Cr~(6+), in which Cr~(6+) and As were the key carcinogenic contaminants that accounted for 98% of the carcinogenic risk. During 2007—2016, the health risks to both adult and children in Reservoir B showed significant increasing trends.
引文
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