珠江涌表层沉积物中不同形态氮的赋存特征
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摘要
研究了广州市珠江涌表层沉积物中不同形态氮的赋存特征,并对各形态氮中氨氮含量进行探讨。采用连续分级浸取法将沉积物中的氮分为离子交换态氮(IEF-N)、弱酸可浸取态氮(WAEF-N)、强碱可浸取态氮(SAEF-N)和强氧化剂可浸取态氮(SOEF-N)。结果表明,沉积物中总氮(TN)的质量浓度为3 469.15～8 358.56 mg/kg,各形态氮含量为IEF-N>SOEF-N≈SAEF-N>WAEF-N。IEF-N是4种形态氮中对水体影响最大的,且IEF-N中氨氮含量较高。氮是影响水体水质的重要因素,其中氨氮是判定水体是否黑臭的重要指标。珠江涌沉积物中的氮对水体水质的威胁不可忽视。
The deposit characteristics of different forms of nitrogen in the surface sediments of Zhujiang brook,Guangzhou were studied,and the contents of ammonia nitrogen in various forms of nitrogen were discussed.The sequential extraction method was employed to determine the nitrogen in surface sediment,which was divided into ion exchange nitrogen(IEF-N),weak acid extractable nitrogen(WAEF-N),strong alkali extractable nitrogen(SAEF-N)and strong oxidizer extractable nitrogen(SOEF-N).The results showed that the total nitrogen(TN)in surface sediment was ranged from 3 469.15 to 8 358.56 mg/kg.The content of different forms of nitrogen was IEF-N>SOEF-N≈SAEF-N> WAEF-N.IEF-N had the most influence of the four forms of nitrogen,and its ammonia nitrogen content was high.Nitrogen was an important factor affecting the water quality of water bodies.Ammonia nitrogen was an important indicator to determine whether water bodies were black and odor.The threat of nitrogen in the sediments of Zhujiang brook to water quality could not be ignored.
The deposit characteristics of different forms of nitrogen in the surface sediments of Zhujiang brook,Guangzhou were studied,and the contents of ammonia nitrogen in various forms of nitrogen were discussed.The sequential extraction method was employed to determine the nitrogen in surface sediment,which was divided into ion exchange nitrogen(IEF-N),weak acid extractable nitrogen(WAEF-N),strong alkali extractable nitrogen(SAEF-N)and strong oxidizer extractable nitrogen(SOEF-N).The results showed that the total nitrogen(TN)in surface sediment was ranged from 3 469.15 to 8 358.56 mg/kg.The content of different forms of nitrogen was IEF-N>SOEF-N≈SAEF-N> WAEF-N.IEF-N had the most influence of the four forms of nitrogen,and its ammonia nitrogen content was high.Nitrogen was an important factor affecting the water quality of water bodies.Ammonia nitrogen was an important indicator to determine whether water bodies were black and odor.The threat of nitrogen in the sediments of Zhujiang brook to water quality could not be ignored.
引文
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[17]张亚楠,马启敏,岳宗凯,等.东昌湖表层沉积物中氮的赋存形态[J].环境化学,2013,32(3).
[18]王雯雯,王书航,姜霞,等.洞庭湖沉积物不同形态氮赋存特征及其释放风险[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(6):598-605.
[19]李辉.滇池柱状沉积物中氮赋存形态及其分布特征研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2012.
[20]梁止水,邓琳,高海鹰,等.南淝河底泥中氮磷空间分布规律及污染评价[J].环境工程,2013,31(增刊):124-127.
[21]赵海超,王圣瑞,焦立新,等.洱海沉积物中不同形态氮的时空分布特征[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(3):235-242.
[22]王梅,刘琰,郑丙辉,等.城市内河表层沉积物氮形态及影响因素——以许昌潩河为例[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(3):720-726.
[2]住房和城乡建设部,环境保护部.城市黑臭水体整治工作指南[EB/OL].[2017-11-20].http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb/201509/t20150911_224828.html.
[3]李如忠,李峰,周爱生,等.巢湖十五里河沉积物氮磷形态分布及生物有效性[J].环境科学,2012,5(5):1503-1510.
[4]周安兴,陆佳芸,纪芳芳,等.梁滩河底泥污染特征及其对上覆水的影响初探[J].三峡环境与生态,2011,33(1).
[5]朱维琴,章永松,林咸永.土壤矿物固定态铵研究进展[J].土壤与环境,2000,9(4):333-335.
[6] KEMP A L W.Organic carbon and nitrogen in the surface sediment of Lakes Ontario,Erie and Huron[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1971,41(2):537-548.
[7] KELLY K R,STEVENSON F J.Forms and nature of organic N in soil[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,1995,42(1/2/3):1-11.
[8] KENNY D R,KONRAD J G,CHESTERS G.Nitrogen distribution in some Wisconsin Lake sediment[J].Water Pollution Control Federation,1970,42(3):411-417.
[9]马红波,宋金明,吕晓霞,等.渤海沉积物中氮的形态及其在循环中的作用[J].地球化学,2003,32(1):48-54.
[10]王圣瑞,焦立新,金相灿,等.长江中下游湖泊沉积物总氮、可交换态氮与固定态铵的赋存特征[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(1).
[11]焦立新.浅水湖泊表层沉积物氮形态特征及在生物地球化学循环中的功能[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2007.
[12] WANG S R,JIN X C,JIAO L X,et al.Nitrogen fractions and release in the sediments from shallow lakes in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River area,China[J].Water,Air,&Soil Pollution,2008,187(1/2/3/4):5-14.
[13]钟立香.巢湖水-沉积物系统中氮的赋存变化及其与水华发生的关系研究[D].北京:中国环境科学研究院,2009.
[14]钟立香,王书航,姜霞,等.连续分级提取法研究春季巢湖沉积物中不同结合态氮的赋存特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(10).
[15]王圣瑞.湖泊沉积物-水界面过程[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[16]王雨春,万国江,尹澄清,等.红枫湖、百花湖沉积物全氮、可交换态氮和固定铵的赋存特征[J].湖泊科学,2002,14(4):301-309.
[17]张亚楠,马启敏,岳宗凯,等.东昌湖表层沉积物中氮的赋存形态[J].环境化学,2013,32(3).
[18]王雯雯,王书航,姜霞,等.洞庭湖沉积物不同形态氮赋存特征及其释放风险[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(6):598-605.
[19]李辉.滇池柱状沉积物中氮赋存形态及其分布特征研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2012.
[20]梁止水,邓琳,高海鹰,等.南淝河底泥中氮磷空间分布规律及污染评价[J].环境工程,2013,31(增刊):124-127.
[21]赵海超,王圣瑞,焦立新,等.洱海沉积物中不同形态氮的时空分布特征[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(3):235-242.
[22]王梅,刘琰,郑丙辉,等.城市内河表层沉积物氮形态及影响因素——以许昌潩河为例[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(3):720-726.
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