船用柴油机废气再循环性能评估及应用
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摘要
针对增压柴油机废气再循环(EGR)性能评估问题,特别是"小样本"下的最优决策,提出了一种基于不等权优化的评估及决策方法。首先,在TBD234V12型相继增压柴油机上搭建高压废气再循环系统,采集柴油机缸内爆压、燃油消耗率、NO_x、CO及烟度等主要参数试验数据,建立最优关联分析模型,用来不同EGR方案的初步评价。其次,根据柴油机不同负荷工况,通过客观优化方法建立综合评价模型。最后,基于MATLAB GUIDE设计和建立了增压柴油机EGR性能综合评估及最优决策仿真平台。仿真结果表明:低负荷时小EGR率对应的综合评估值更高,因此宜采用较小EGR率;高负荷时,较低EGR率对应的综合评估值较低,较高EGR率获得了更高的评估值,但是过高的EGR率的综合评估值反而下降,因此不宜采用过高EGR率。仿真优化平台可以快捷、方便地解决增压柴油机EGR性能评估及最优决策问题。
In view of EGR performance evaluation of turbocharged diesel engine, especially the optimal EGR rate under‘small sample', an optimization evaluation and decision-making method is proposed.First, the major test parameters including in-cylinder burst pressure, fuel consumption rate, NO_x, CO and smoke are selected based on TBD234V12 type turbocharged diesel engine with a high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation system to establish the optimal correlation analysis model for the preliminary evaluation of different EGR schemes. Second, according to different speed conditions of diesel engine, a comprehensive evaluation model is established using optimized objective evaluation method. Finally, a simulation optimization platform for comprehensive performance evaluation and optimal decision-making of EGR is designed and established using MATLAB GUIDE. The results show that When diesel engine is in low-speed conditions, low EGR rate corresponds to a higher comprehensive assessment value, so a smaller EGR rate should be adopted. When diesel engine is in high-speed conditions, the comprehensive assessment value corresponding to the lower EGR rate is lower, and the higher EGR rate obtains a higher assessment value. However, the evaluation value of overly high EGR rate decreases. This result is basically consistent with the current control principle of EGR; The simulation optimization platform can quickly and easily solve the EGR performance evaluation and optimal decision-making of turbocharged diesel engine.
In view of EGR performance evaluation of turbocharged diesel engine, especially the optimal EGR rate under‘small sample', an optimization evaluation and decision-making method is proposed.First, the major test parameters including in-cylinder burst pressure, fuel consumption rate, NO_x, CO and smoke are selected based on TBD234V12 type turbocharged diesel engine with a high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation system to establish the optimal correlation analysis model for the preliminary evaluation of different EGR schemes. Second, according to different speed conditions of diesel engine, a comprehensive evaluation model is established using optimized objective evaluation method. Finally, a simulation optimization platform for comprehensive performance evaluation and optimal decision-making of EGR is designed and established using MATLAB GUIDE. The results show that When diesel engine is in low-speed conditions, low EGR rate corresponds to a higher comprehensive assessment value, so a smaller EGR rate should be adopted. When diesel engine is in high-speed conditions, the comprehensive assessment value corresponding to the lower EGR rate is lower, and the higher EGR rate obtains a higher assessment value. However, the evaluation value of overly high EGR rate decreases. This result is basically consistent with the current control principle of EGR; The simulation optimization platform can quickly and easily solve the EGR performance evaluation and optimal decision-making of turbocharged diesel engine.
引文
[1]董天普,张付军,刘波澜,等.EGR对涡轮增压柴油机瞬态特性的影响[J].内燃机学报,2017,35(2):118-124.Dong Tian-pu,Zhang Fu-jun,Liu Bo-lan,et al.Effect of EGR on transient characteristics of turbocharged diesel engine[J].Transactions of CSICE,2017,35(2):118-124.
[2]Samad Jafarmadar,Peyman Nemati.Analysis of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR)effects on exergy terms in an engine operating with diesel oil and hydrogen[J].Energy,2017,126:746-755.
[3]Youngsoo Park,Choongsik Bae.Experimental study on the effects of high/low pressure EGR proportion in a passenger car diesel engine[J].Applied Energy,2014,133:308-316.
[4]安晓辉,刘波澜,张付军,等.基于氧浓度的EGR对柴油机性能影响的仿真[J].内燃机学报,2013,31(2):115-119.An Xiao-hui,Liu Bo-lan,Zhang Fu-jun,et al.Simulation of the effect of intake charge oxygen concentration based EGR on diesel engine performance[J].Transactions of CSICE,2013,31(2):115-119.
[5]于秀敏,商震,张岳韬,等.废气再循环对直喷汽油机燃烧及排放影响的仿真[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2016,46(4):1109-1117.Yu Xiu-min,Shang Zhen,Zhang Yue-tao,et al.Simulation of EGR on combustion and emission of gasoline direct-injection engine[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2016,46(4):1109-1117.
[6]Shen Kai,Li Fang-bo,Zhang Zhen-dong,et al.Effects of LP and HP cooled EGR on performance and emissions in turbocharged GDI engine[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,125:746-755.
[7]Samad Jafarmadar,Peyman Nemati.Analysis of Exhaust Gas Recirculation(EGR)effects on exergy terms in an engine operating with diesel oil and hydrogen[J].Energy,2017,126:746-755.
[8]赵昌普,朱云尧,李艳丽,等.增压中冷柴油机EGR系统文丘里管的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(15):49-56.Zhao Chang-pu,Zhu Yun-yao,Li Yan-li,et al.Design and experimental of venturi in EGR system of turbocharged intercooled diesel engine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(15):49-56.
[9]Shi Xiao-chen,Liu Bo-lan,Zhang Chao,et al.Astudy on combined effect of high EGR rate and biodiesel on combustion and emission performance of a diesel engine[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,125:1272-1279.
[10]郭亮,杨文昭,王云开,等.废气再循环对丁醇/柴油混合燃料发动机的影响[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2017,47(6):1767-1774.Guo Liang,Yang Wen-zhao,Wang Yun-kai,et al.Effect of exhaust recirculation on internal combustion engine fueled with butanol/diesel blend[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2017,47(6):1767-1774.
[11]韩林沛,洪伟,苏岩,解方喜,陈静,杜文畅.直喷汽油机排气门二次开启对回流废气分层和燃烧特性的影响[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2017,47(1):113-121.Han Lin-pei,Hong Wei,Su Yan,et al.Effect of GDIengine exhaust valve secondary open on refluent EGRstratification and combustion characteristics[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2017,47(1):113-121.
[12]鹿盈盈,于文斌,裴毅强,等.EGR与喷油定时对柴油机预混燃烧颗粒排放的影响[J].内燃机学报,2017,35(3):193-199.Lu Ying-ying,Yu Wen-bin,Pei Yi-qiang,et al.Effects of EGR and injection timing on PM emissions of PCCI combustion in a diesel engine[J].Transactions of CSICE,2017,35(3):193-199.
[13]赵靖华,洪伟,冯枫,等.基于EGR策略的重型柴油机瞬态空燃比优化控制[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2012,42(增刊1):151-155.Zhao Jing-hua,Hong Wei,Feng Feng,et al.Transient air-to-fuel ratio control on heavy duty diesel engine based on EGR technology[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2012,42(Sup.1):151-155.
[14]Mina Nishi,Masato Kanehara,Norimasa Iida.Assessment for innovative combustion on HCCI engine by controlling EGR ratio and engine speed[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,99(25):42-60.
[15]Kr?n Vodder Nielsen,Mogens Blanke,Lars Eriksson,et al.Adaptive feedforward control of exhaust recirculation in large diesel engines[J].Control Engineering Practice,2017,65:26-35.
[16]Xu Min,Gui Yong,Deng Kang-yao.Fuel injection and EGR control strategy on smooth switching of CI/HCCI mode in a diesel engine[J].Journal of the Energy Institute,2015,88(2):157-168.
[17]王迎迎.大功率柴油机EGR模拟研究[D].成都:西南交通大学机械工程学院,2012.Wang Ying-ying.Simulation the effect of exhaust gas recirculation on the high-power diesel engine[D].Chengdu:College of Mechanical Engineering of Southwest Jiaotong University,2012.
[18]张振东,方毅博,陈振天.增压直喷式柴油机EGR率测试及优化研究[J].内燃机工程,2006,27(2):81-84.Zhang Zhen-dong,Fang Yi-bo,Chen Zhen-tian.Research and experiments of EGR rates effect on a turbocharged diesel engine[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2006,27(2):81-84.
[19]郑清平,黎苏,郎晓姣,等.增压中冷柴油机EGR数值模拟与试验研究[J].内燃机工程,2012,33(2):33-37.Zheng Qing-ping,Li Su,Lang Xiao-jiao,et al.Simulation and Experimental Study on Turbocharged InterCooled Diesel Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2012,33(2):33-37.
[20]张振坤.EGR技术降低某船用柴油机NOx排放的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学轮机工程学院,2015.Zhang Zhen-kun.Study on NOx displacement of marine diesel engine with EGR[D].Dalian:College of Marine Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,2015.
[21]杜俊.V型柴油机采用EGR系统的计算与试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,2013.Du Jun.Calculation and experimental research with EGR system for V type diesel engine[D].Harbin:College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,2013.
[22]温永美.EGR率对柴油机燃烧排放性能影响仿真分析[D].重庆:重庆交通大学交通运输学院,2012.Wen Yong-mei.The simulation analysis of EGR on the combustion and emission characteristics of diesel Engine[D].Chongqing:College of Traffic and Transportation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,2012.
[23]Wang Li-zhen,Qian Wu-yong.Grey target decisionmaking model of interval grey number based on cone volume[J].Grey Systems:Theory and Application,2017,7(2):247-258.
[24]Paulina Golinska,Monika Kosacka,Rafal Mierzwiak,et al.Grey decision making as a tool for the classification of the sustainability level of remanufacturing companies[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2015,105(15):28-40.
[25]王渡,龚淼,陈德珍.基于灰色决策的太阳能发电系统在垃圾填埋场应用[J].太阳能学报,2013,34(3):471-476.Wang Du,Gong Miao,Chen De-zhen.Application of solar power system on landfill based on grey relational method[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2013,34(3):471-476.
[26]罗周全,徐海,谭浪浪,等.矿山产能灰色局势决策优化[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,44(1):289-293.Luo Zhou-quan,Xu Hai,Tan Lang-lang,et al.Optimization of mine productivity based on grey situation decision[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2013,44(1):289-293.
[27]Liu S F,Lin Y.Grey Information:Theory and Practical Applications[M].London:Springer-Verlag,2006.
[28]王正新,党耀国,宋传平.基于区间数的多目标灰色局势决策模型[J].控制与决策,2009,24(3):388-392.Wang Zheng-xin,Dang Yao-guo,Song Chuan-ping.Multi-objective decision model of grey situation based on interval number[J].Control and Decision,2009,24(3):388-392.
[29]祖象欢,杨传雷,王银燕.基于GM(1,1)模型和MATLAB GUI的相继增压柴油机性能预测[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,36(11):1454-1458.Zu Xiang-huan,Yang Chuan-lei,Wang Yin-yan.Performance prediction of a sequential turbocharging diesel engine based on GM(1,1)model and MATLABGUI[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2015,36(11):1454-1458.
[30]Bae Gigon,Rothermel Gregg,Bae Doo-Hwan.Comparing model-based and dynamic event-extraction based GUI testing techniques:an empirical study[J].Journal of Systems and Software,2014,97:15-46.
[31]Raj Jean Rossario,Rahman S M K,Anand Sneh..Microcontroller USB interfacing with MATLABGUI for low cost medical ultrasound scanners[J].Engineering Science and Technology,an International Journal,2016,19(2):964-969.
[2]Samad Jafarmadar,Peyman Nemati.Analysis of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR)effects on exergy terms in an engine operating with diesel oil and hydrogen[J].Energy,2017,126:746-755.
[3]Youngsoo Park,Choongsik Bae.Experimental study on the effects of high/low pressure EGR proportion in a passenger car diesel engine[J].Applied Energy,2014,133:308-316.
[4]安晓辉,刘波澜,张付军,等.基于氧浓度的EGR对柴油机性能影响的仿真[J].内燃机学报,2013,31(2):115-119.An Xiao-hui,Liu Bo-lan,Zhang Fu-jun,et al.Simulation of the effect of intake charge oxygen concentration based EGR on diesel engine performance[J].Transactions of CSICE,2013,31(2):115-119.
[5]于秀敏,商震,张岳韬,等.废气再循环对直喷汽油机燃烧及排放影响的仿真[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2016,46(4):1109-1117.Yu Xiu-min,Shang Zhen,Zhang Yue-tao,et al.Simulation of EGR on combustion and emission of gasoline direct-injection engine[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2016,46(4):1109-1117.
[6]Shen Kai,Li Fang-bo,Zhang Zhen-dong,et al.Effects of LP and HP cooled EGR on performance and emissions in turbocharged GDI engine[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,125:746-755.
[7]Samad Jafarmadar,Peyman Nemati.Analysis of Exhaust Gas Recirculation(EGR)effects on exergy terms in an engine operating with diesel oil and hydrogen[J].Energy,2017,126:746-755.
[8]赵昌普,朱云尧,李艳丽,等.增压中冷柴油机EGR系统文丘里管的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(15):49-56.Zhao Chang-pu,Zhu Yun-yao,Li Yan-li,et al.Design and experimental of venturi in EGR system of turbocharged intercooled diesel engine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(15):49-56.
[9]Shi Xiao-chen,Liu Bo-lan,Zhang Chao,et al.Astudy on combined effect of high EGR rate and biodiesel on combustion and emission performance of a diesel engine[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,125:1272-1279.
[10]郭亮,杨文昭,王云开,等.废气再循环对丁醇/柴油混合燃料发动机的影响[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2017,47(6):1767-1774.Guo Liang,Yang Wen-zhao,Wang Yun-kai,et al.Effect of exhaust recirculation on internal combustion engine fueled with butanol/diesel blend[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2017,47(6):1767-1774.
[11]韩林沛,洪伟,苏岩,解方喜,陈静,杜文畅.直喷汽油机排气门二次开启对回流废气分层和燃烧特性的影响[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2017,47(1):113-121.Han Lin-pei,Hong Wei,Su Yan,et al.Effect of GDIengine exhaust valve secondary open on refluent EGRstratification and combustion characteristics[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2017,47(1):113-121.
[12]鹿盈盈,于文斌,裴毅强,等.EGR与喷油定时对柴油机预混燃烧颗粒排放的影响[J].内燃机学报,2017,35(3):193-199.Lu Ying-ying,Yu Wen-bin,Pei Yi-qiang,et al.Effects of EGR and injection timing on PM emissions of PCCI combustion in a diesel engine[J].Transactions of CSICE,2017,35(3):193-199.
[13]赵靖华,洪伟,冯枫,等.基于EGR策略的重型柴油机瞬态空燃比优化控制[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2012,42(增刊1):151-155.Zhao Jing-hua,Hong Wei,Feng Feng,et al.Transient air-to-fuel ratio control on heavy duty diesel engine based on EGR technology[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2012,42(Sup.1):151-155.
[14]Mina Nishi,Masato Kanehara,Norimasa Iida.Assessment for innovative combustion on HCCI engine by controlling EGR ratio and engine speed[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,99(25):42-60.
[15]Kr?n Vodder Nielsen,Mogens Blanke,Lars Eriksson,et al.Adaptive feedforward control of exhaust recirculation in large diesel engines[J].Control Engineering Practice,2017,65:26-35.
[16]Xu Min,Gui Yong,Deng Kang-yao.Fuel injection and EGR control strategy on smooth switching of CI/HCCI mode in a diesel engine[J].Journal of the Energy Institute,2015,88(2):157-168.
[17]王迎迎.大功率柴油机EGR模拟研究[D].成都:西南交通大学机械工程学院,2012.Wang Ying-ying.Simulation the effect of exhaust gas recirculation on the high-power diesel engine[D].Chengdu:College of Mechanical Engineering of Southwest Jiaotong University,2012.
[18]张振东,方毅博,陈振天.增压直喷式柴油机EGR率测试及优化研究[J].内燃机工程,2006,27(2):81-84.Zhang Zhen-dong,Fang Yi-bo,Chen Zhen-tian.Research and experiments of EGR rates effect on a turbocharged diesel engine[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2006,27(2):81-84.
[19]郑清平,黎苏,郎晓姣,等.增压中冷柴油机EGR数值模拟与试验研究[J].内燃机工程,2012,33(2):33-37.Zheng Qing-ping,Li Su,Lang Xiao-jiao,et al.Simulation and Experimental Study on Turbocharged InterCooled Diesel Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2012,33(2):33-37.
[20]张振坤.EGR技术降低某船用柴油机NOx排放的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学轮机工程学院,2015.Zhang Zhen-kun.Study on NOx displacement of marine diesel engine with EGR[D].Dalian:College of Marine Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,2015.
[21]杜俊.V型柴油机采用EGR系统的计算与试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,2013.Du Jun.Calculation and experimental research with EGR system for V type diesel engine[D].Harbin:College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,2013.
[22]温永美.EGR率对柴油机燃烧排放性能影响仿真分析[D].重庆:重庆交通大学交通运输学院,2012.Wen Yong-mei.The simulation analysis of EGR on the combustion and emission characteristics of diesel Engine[D].Chongqing:College of Traffic and Transportation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,2012.
[23]Wang Li-zhen,Qian Wu-yong.Grey target decisionmaking model of interval grey number based on cone volume[J].Grey Systems:Theory and Application,2017,7(2):247-258.
[24]Paulina Golinska,Monika Kosacka,Rafal Mierzwiak,et al.Grey decision making as a tool for the classification of the sustainability level of remanufacturing companies[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2015,105(15):28-40.
[25]王渡,龚淼,陈德珍.基于灰色决策的太阳能发电系统在垃圾填埋场应用[J].太阳能学报,2013,34(3):471-476.Wang Du,Gong Miao,Chen De-zhen.Application of solar power system on landfill based on grey relational method[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2013,34(3):471-476.
[26]罗周全,徐海,谭浪浪,等.矿山产能灰色局势决策优化[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,44(1):289-293.Luo Zhou-quan,Xu Hai,Tan Lang-lang,et al.Optimization of mine productivity based on grey situation decision[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2013,44(1):289-293.
[27]Liu S F,Lin Y.Grey Information:Theory and Practical Applications[M].London:Springer-Verlag,2006.
[28]王正新,党耀国,宋传平.基于区间数的多目标灰色局势决策模型[J].控制与决策,2009,24(3):388-392.Wang Zheng-xin,Dang Yao-guo,Song Chuan-ping.Multi-objective decision model of grey situation based on interval number[J].Control and Decision,2009,24(3):388-392.
[29]祖象欢,杨传雷,王银燕.基于GM(1,1)模型和MATLAB GUI的相继增压柴油机性能预测[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,36(11):1454-1458.Zu Xiang-huan,Yang Chuan-lei,Wang Yin-yan.Performance prediction of a sequential turbocharging diesel engine based on GM(1,1)model and MATLABGUI[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2015,36(11):1454-1458.
[30]Bae Gigon,Rothermel Gregg,Bae Doo-Hwan.Comparing model-based and dynamic event-extraction based GUI testing techniques:an empirical study[J].Journal of Systems and Software,2014,97:15-46.
[31]Raj Jean Rossario,Rahman S M K,Anand Sneh..Microcontroller USB interfacing with MATLABGUI for low cost medical ultrasound scanners[J].Engineering Science and Technology,an International Journal,2016,19(2):964-969.
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