三七圆斑病菌槭菌刺孢对嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺和苯醚甲环唑的敏感性及生存适合度分析
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摘要
采用菌丝生长速率法测定了采自云南省5个三七主要产区的34株三七圆斑病原菌槭菌刺孢Mycocentrospora acerina (R. Hartig) Deighton对嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺和苯醚甲环唑的敏感性,并对不同敏感性菌株进行了生存适合度测定。结果表明:咪鲜胺、嘧菌酯及苯醚甲环唑对所有供试槭菌刺孢的菌丝生长均有明显的抑制作用,3种杀菌剂的EC50值分别在0.03～1.91 mg/L、0.18～2.36 mg/L和0.45～2.15 mg/L之间,即该菌株对咪鲜胺的敏感性对高于嘧菌酯和苯醚甲环唑;低敏感性菌株的致病力和菌丝生长速率与敏感性菌株间无显著差异,说明供试槭菌刺孢菌株在当地均具有较高的生存适合度。
The sensitivities of 34 strains of Mycocentrospora acerina to azoxystrobin, prochloraz and difenoconazole were tested using the mycelium growth rate method, the strains were isolated from 5 major origins of Panax notoginseng in Yunnan Province. The survival fitness was also analyzed. The results showed that those fungicides had high inhibition effect on the mycelium growth of strains. The EC50 values of prochloraz, azoxystrobin and difenoconazole to all tested strains are in the range of 0.03-1.91 mg/L, 0.18-2.36 mg/L and 0.45-2.15 mg/L, respectively. The sensitivities of all strains to prochloraz were higher than that of azoxystrobin and difenoconazole. The difference of mycelial growth for the sensitive and the insensitive strains was not significant, which demonstrated that all strains showed high survival fitness in field.
The sensitivities of 34 strains of Mycocentrospora acerina to azoxystrobin, prochloraz and difenoconazole were tested using the mycelium growth rate method, the strains were isolated from 5 major origins of Panax notoginseng in Yunnan Province. The survival fitness was also analyzed. The results showed that those fungicides had high inhibition effect on the mycelium growth of strains. The EC50 values of prochloraz, azoxystrobin and difenoconazole to all tested strains are in the range of 0.03-1.91 mg/L, 0.18-2.36 mg/L and 0.45-2.15 mg/L, respectively. The sensitivities of all strains to prochloraz were higher than that of azoxystrobin and difenoconazole. The difference of mycelial growth for the sensitive and the insensitive strains was not significant, which demonstrated that all strains showed high survival fitness in field.
引文
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[11]杨婷,杨宽,何迟,等.三七黑斑病病原菌Alternaria alternata Keissl.生物学特性研究[J].中药材, 2018, 41(4):763-770.YANG T, YANG K, HE C, et al. Biological characteristics of Alternaria alternataKeissl. causing dark speckle of Panax notoginseng[J]. J Chinese Med Mat, 2018, 41(4):763-770.
[12]董克锋,岳清华,高勇,等.蓝莓拟茎点霉枝枯病药剂防治试验[J].中国森林病虫, 2015, 34(06):44-46.DONG K F, YUE Q H, GAO Y, et al. Fungicidal test against Phomopsis twig blight of blueberry[J]. Forest Pest Dis, 2015, 34(06):44-46.
[13]ZHANG X, CHEN Y, ZHANG Y J, et al. Occurrence and molecular characterization of azoxystrobin resistance in cucumber downy mildew in Shandong Province of China[J]. Phytoparasitica, 2008,36(2):136-143.
[14]黄云霄,李敏,潘学军,等.几种杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果[J].农药, 2018, 57(11):836-839.HUANG Y X, LI M, PAN X J, et al. Control effect of several fungicides on grape downy mildew[J]. Agrochemicals, 2018, 57(11):836-839.
[15]王喜娜.我国主要葡萄产区霜霉菌对烯酰吗啉和嘧菌酯的抗药性分析[D].中国农业科学院, 2017.WANG X N. Dctection of dimethomorph and azoxystrobin resistance isolates of Plasmopara viticlolafrom main grapevine areas in China[D]. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2017.
[16]张亚璨,毕秋艳,韩秀英,等.小麦白粉病菌对嘧菌酯和三唑酮的敏感性反应[J].麦类作物学报, 2015, 35(12):1746-1750.ZHANG Y C, BI Q Y, HAN X Y, et al. Sensitivity and activity of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici to azoxystrobin and triadimefon[J]. J Triticeae Crops, 2015, 35(12):1746-1750.
[17]李成斌,张红霞,李岩,等. 2015—2017年北方5省(区)致病疫霉抗药性监测及与嘧菌酯交互抗性[J].河北农业大学学报, 2018,41(6):75-79.LI C B, ZHANG H X, LI Y, et al. Metalaxyl resistance monitoring and cross-resistance to azoxystrobin on Phytophthora infestans in five northern provinces of China from 2015 to 2017[J]. J Hebei Agric Univ, 2018, 41(6):75-79.
[18]孟润杰,韩秀英,吴杰,等.河北省黄瓜霜霉病菌对甲霜灵和嘧菌酯的抗性动态及七种药剂的田间防效[J].植物保护学报, 2017, 44(5):849-855.MENG R J, HAN X Y, WU J, et al. Resistance dynamics of Pseudoperonospora cubensis to metalaxyl and azoxystrobin and control efficacy of seven fungicides against cucumber downy mildew in Hebei Province[J]. J Plant Prot, 2017, 44(5):849-855.
[19]何秀娟,徐育海,邱文明.栗疫病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟硅唑的敏感性分析[J].湖北农业科学, 2015, 54(23):5915-5917.HE X J, XU Y H, QIU W M. The Sensitivity of chestnut blight to difenoconazole and flusilazole[J]. Hubei Agric Sci, 2015, 54(23):5915-5917.
[20]赵建江,韩秀英,张小风,等.灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性及其对不同杀菌剂的交互抗药性[J].中国农学通报,2010, 26(22):282-286.ZHAO J J, HAN X Y, ZHANG X F, et al. The sensitivity of Botrytis cinereato difenoconazole and cross-resistance against diverse fungicides[J]. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2010, 26(22):282-286.
[21]覃丽萍,史国英,谢玲,等.芒果炭疽病菌对咪鲜胺的敏感性检测[J].南方农业学报, 2013, 44(4):594-597.QIN L P, SHI G Y, XIE L, et al. Sensitivity detection of anthracnose pathogen in mango to prochloraz[J]. J Southern Agric, 2013, 44(4):594-597.
[22]盖晓彤.玉米茎腐病与穗腐病致病镰孢菌侵染途径及其致病力差异研究[D].沈阳农业大学, 2018.GAI X T. Studies on the infection pathway and pathogenic difference of Fusarium from stalk rot and ear rot on maize[D]. Shenyang Agricultural University, 2018.
[23]王娟,王树桐,任佳慧,等.河北省苹果树腐烂病菌不同分离株生物学性状及致病性研究[J].河南农业科学, 2013, 42(7):72-75.WANG J, WANG S T, REN J H, et al. Biological characteristics and pathogenicity of different isolates of Cytospora spp. isolated from apple trees in Hebei Province[J]. J Henan Agric Sci, 2013, 42(7):72-75.
[2]蒋妮,覃柳燕,叶云峰.三七病害研究进展[J].南方农业学报, 2011,42(9):1070-1074.JIANG N, QIN L Y, YE Y F. Research advances in diseases of Panax notoginseng[J]. J Southern Agric, 2011, 42(9):1070-1074.
[3]陆宁,陈昱君,鲁海菊,等.三七圆斑病病原菌生物学特性研究[J].云南农业大学学报, 2005(2):193-195.LU N, CHEN Y J, LU H J, et al. Biological characterization of round spot pathogen on Panax notoginseng[J]. J Yunnan Agric Univ,2005(2):193-195.
[4]张燕,马娇,荣建文,等. 400 g/L氟硅唑乳油对三七圆斑病的田间药效及安全性试验[J].农药科学与管理, 2017, 38(3):58-62.ZHANG Y, MA J, RONG J W, et al. Efficacy and crop safety of 400g/L fluorosilazole EC against round spot of Panax notoginseng[J].Pestic Sci Admin, 2017, 38(3):58-62.
[5]毛忠顺,魏富刚,陈中坚,等.云南省三七圆斑病发生情况调查[J].文山学院学报, 2017, 30(3):1-5.MAO Z S, WEI F G, CHEN Z J, et al. Field investigation of round spot on sanqi(Panax notoginseng)in Yunnan Province[J]. J Wenshan Univ, 2017, 30(3):1-5.
[6]凌春耀,林伟国,余生,等.三七侵染性病害防治工作的研究进展[J].绿色科技, 2017(7):144-146.LING C Y, LIN W G, YU S, et al. Research advances on prevention and control work of infectious diseases of Panax notoginseng[J]. J Green Sci Technol, 2017(7):144-146.
[7]戴蕾,徐玉龙,龙月娟,等.槭菌刺孢菌丝及分生孢子的生长习性研究[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 32(1):27-35.DAI L, XU Y L, LONG Y J, et al. The growth characteristic of mycelia and conidia for Mycocentrospora acerina[J]. J Yunnan Agric Univ(Nat Sci Ed), 2017, 32(1):27-35.
[8]ELLIS M B. More Dematiaceous hyphomycetes[J]. Mycologia, 1977,69(2):439.
[9]龙月娟.三七圆斑病的病原菌致病机制及避雨栽培对其控制效果与原理[D].云南农业大学, 2016.LONG Y J. Pathogenic mechanism of Mycocentrospora acerina, and the efficacy and principles of rain-proof cultivation on Panax notoginseng round spot disease control[D]. Yunnan Agric Univ, 2016.
[10]QUIROGA E N, SAMPIETRO A R, VATTUONE M A. Screening antifungal activities of selected medicinal plants[J]. J Ethnopharm,2001, 74(1):89-96.
[11]杨婷,杨宽,何迟,等.三七黑斑病病原菌Alternaria alternata Keissl.生物学特性研究[J].中药材, 2018, 41(4):763-770.YANG T, YANG K, HE C, et al. Biological characteristics of Alternaria alternataKeissl. causing dark speckle of Panax notoginseng[J]. J Chinese Med Mat, 2018, 41(4):763-770.
[12]董克锋,岳清华,高勇,等.蓝莓拟茎点霉枝枯病药剂防治试验[J].中国森林病虫, 2015, 34(06):44-46.DONG K F, YUE Q H, GAO Y, et al. Fungicidal test against Phomopsis twig blight of blueberry[J]. Forest Pest Dis, 2015, 34(06):44-46.
[13]ZHANG X, CHEN Y, ZHANG Y J, et al. Occurrence and molecular characterization of azoxystrobin resistance in cucumber downy mildew in Shandong Province of China[J]. Phytoparasitica, 2008,36(2):136-143.
[14]黄云霄,李敏,潘学军,等.几种杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果[J].农药, 2018, 57(11):836-839.HUANG Y X, LI M, PAN X J, et al. Control effect of several fungicides on grape downy mildew[J]. Agrochemicals, 2018, 57(11):836-839.
[15]王喜娜.我国主要葡萄产区霜霉菌对烯酰吗啉和嘧菌酯的抗药性分析[D].中国农业科学院, 2017.WANG X N. Dctection of dimethomorph and azoxystrobin resistance isolates of Plasmopara viticlolafrom main grapevine areas in China[D]. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2017.
[16]张亚璨,毕秋艳,韩秀英,等.小麦白粉病菌对嘧菌酯和三唑酮的敏感性反应[J].麦类作物学报, 2015, 35(12):1746-1750.ZHANG Y C, BI Q Y, HAN X Y, et al. Sensitivity and activity of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici to azoxystrobin and triadimefon[J]. J Triticeae Crops, 2015, 35(12):1746-1750.
[17]李成斌,张红霞,李岩,等. 2015—2017年北方5省(区)致病疫霉抗药性监测及与嘧菌酯交互抗性[J].河北农业大学学报, 2018,41(6):75-79.LI C B, ZHANG H X, LI Y, et al. Metalaxyl resistance monitoring and cross-resistance to azoxystrobin on Phytophthora infestans in five northern provinces of China from 2015 to 2017[J]. J Hebei Agric Univ, 2018, 41(6):75-79.
[18]孟润杰,韩秀英,吴杰,等.河北省黄瓜霜霉病菌对甲霜灵和嘧菌酯的抗性动态及七种药剂的田间防效[J].植物保护学报, 2017, 44(5):849-855.MENG R J, HAN X Y, WU J, et al. Resistance dynamics of Pseudoperonospora cubensis to metalaxyl and azoxystrobin and control efficacy of seven fungicides against cucumber downy mildew in Hebei Province[J]. J Plant Prot, 2017, 44(5):849-855.
[19]何秀娟,徐育海,邱文明.栗疫病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟硅唑的敏感性分析[J].湖北农业科学, 2015, 54(23):5915-5917.HE X J, XU Y H, QIU W M. The Sensitivity of chestnut blight to difenoconazole and flusilazole[J]. Hubei Agric Sci, 2015, 54(23):5915-5917.
[20]赵建江,韩秀英,张小风,等.灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性及其对不同杀菌剂的交互抗药性[J].中国农学通报,2010, 26(22):282-286.ZHAO J J, HAN X Y, ZHANG X F, et al. The sensitivity of Botrytis cinereato difenoconazole and cross-resistance against diverse fungicides[J]. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2010, 26(22):282-286.
[21]覃丽萍,史国英,谢玲,等.芒果炭疽病菌对咪鲜胺的敏感性检测[J].南方农业学报, 2013, 44(4):594-597.QIN L P, SHI G Y, XIE L, et al. Sensitivity detection of anthracnose pathogen in mango to prochloraz[J]. J Southern Agric, 2013, 44(4):594-597.
[22]盖晓彤.玉米茎腐病与穗腐病致病镰孢菌侵染途径及其致病力差异研究[D].沈阳农业大学, 2018.GAI X T. Studies on the infection pathway and pathogenic difference of Fusarium from stalk rot and ear rot on maize[D]. Shenyang Agricultural University, 2018.
[23]王娟,王树桐,任佳慧,等.河北省苹果树腐烂病菌不同分离株生物学性状及致病性研究[J].河南农业科学, 2013, 42(7):72-75.WANG J, WANG S T, REN J H, et al. Biological characteristics and pathogenicity of different isolates of Cytospora spp. isolated from apple trees in Hebei Province[J]. J Henan Agric Sci, 2013, 42(7):72-75.
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