不同生态类型土壤养分与微生物数量相关关系研究
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摘要
研究了陇东黄土高原沟壑区温室大棚土壤、露天农耕土壤、林地和草地土壤等4种不同生境下土壤养分与微生物数量的相关关系。结果表明,不同类型土壤养分、微生物数量和组成均有明显的差异。温室大棚土壤中,有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷含量均为最高,而草地土壤中的有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮均最低。草地土壤微生物数量显著低于温室大棚土壤,微生物组成亦较露天耕地和温室大棚土壤简单。土壤细菌与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷及碱解氮含量显著相关(P <0. 05);土壤放线菌与土壤全磷、全氮、有机质及速效磷含量显著相关(P <0. 05)。可见,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷是影响土壤细菌与放线菌数量的重要养分因子。土壤细菌与放线菌数量可以作为本地区土壤肥力的重要参考指标。
This study focused on the relationships between soil microbes and soil nutrients under 4 different soil use patterns,greenhouse soil,farming soil,forest land and grassland in Longdong area of Loess Plateau. The results show that: The soil nutrient and fertility varied in the 4 types of soil use patterns.The organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen,available phosphorus content in Greenhouse soil,were the highest,while the organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen in the grass soil were the lowest. The microbes quantity and composition in different types of soil were obviously different Microbial quantity in grassland soil which were significantly lower than that in the greenhouse soil,microbial composition in meadow soil was also more simple than that in the farmland and greenhouses. The quantity of soil bacteria were significantly( P < 0. 05) associated with the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and available nitrogen content; soil actinomycetes quantity were significantly( P < 0. 05) associated with soil total phosphorus,total nitrogen,soil organic matter and available phosphorus content. Soil organic matter,total phosphorus,total nitrogen had high influence on the quantity and composition of soil bacteria and actinomycetes. The quantity of Soil bacteria and actinomycetes can be used as important reference index of soil fertility.
This study focused on the relationships between soil microbes and soil nutrients under 4 different soil use patterns,greenhouse soil,farming soil,forest land and grassland in Longdong area of Loess Plateau. The results show that: The soil nutrient and fertility varied in the 4 types of soil use patterns.The organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen,available phosphorus content in Greenhouse soil,were the highest,while the organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen in the grass soil were the lowest. The microbes quantity and composition in different types of soil were obviously different Microbial quantity in grassland soil which were significantly lower than that in the greenhouse soil,microbial composition in meadow soil was also more simple than that in the farmland and greenhouses. The quantity of soil bacteria were significantly( P < 0. 05) associated with the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and available nitrogen content; soil actinomycetes quantity were significantly( P < 0. 05) associated with soil total phosphorus,total nitrogen,soil organic matter and available phosphorus content. Soil organic matter,total phosphorus,total nitrogen had high influence on the quantity and composition of soil bacteria and actinomycetes. The quantity of Soil bacteria and actinomycetes can be used as important reference index of soil fertility.
引文
[1]邵文山,李国旗,陈科元,等.荒漠草原四种常见植物群落土壤养分及土壤微生物特征[J].北方园艺,2016(15):161-166.
[2]惠竹梅,李华,龙妍,等.葡萄园行间生草体系中土壤微生物数量的变化及其与土壤养分的关系[J].园艺学报,2010,37(09):1395-1402.
[3]孙波,赵其国,张桃林,等.土壤质量与持续环境──Ⅲ.土壤质量评价的生物学指标[J].土壤,1997(05):225-234.
[4]唐玉姝,魏朝富,颜廷梅,等.土壤质量生物学指标研究进展[J].土壤,2007,39(2):157-163.
[5]Jin Zhengzhong,Lei Jiaqiang,Xu Xinwen,et al. Canonical correlations of soil nutrients,microbial biomass and enzyme activity of forest land drip-irrigated with saline water in the hinterland of taklimakan desert[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2008,45(6):119-127.
[6]Cao Hui. Change of microbial biomass and enzyme activity in vegetable[J]. Soil(土壤),2002,32(4):197~200(in Chinese).
[7]Insam H,Mitchell C C,Dormaar J F. Relationship of soil microbial biomass and activity with fertilization practice and crop yield of three Ultisols[J]. Soil Biol.Biochem,1991(23):459-464.
[8]邵玉琴,朴顺姬,敖晓兰,等.内蒙古皇甫川流域不同生态环境对土壤微生物类群数量的影响[J].农业科学学报,2004,23(3):565-568.
[9]邹汉玄,杨先跃,曹斌,等.土壤微生物对柑桔生长及产量的影响[J].果树科学. 1994(1):19-22.
[10]计钟程.重茬大豆减产与土壤环境变化[J].大豆科学,1995,14(4):321-329.
[11]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社. 1999:42-50.
[12]惠竹梅,李华,龙妍,等.葡萄园行间生草体系中土壤微生物数量的变化及其与土壤养分的关系[J].园艺学报,2010,37(9):1395-1402.
[13]Spring G P. Ratio of microbial biomass to soil organic matter carbon as a sensitive indicator of changes in soil organic matter[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Research,1992(30):195-207.
[14]周智彬,李培军.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工绿地土壤中微生物的生态分布及其与土壤因子间的关系[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(8):1246-1250.
[15]付刚,刘增文,崔芳芳.秦岭山区典型人工林土壤酶活性、微生物及其与土壤养分的关系[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(10):88-94.
[16]吕桂芬,吴永胜,李浩,等.荒漠草原不同退化阶段土壤微生物、土壤养分及酶活性的研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(01):104-109.
[17]戴雅婷,闫志坚,王慧,等.油蒿根际土壤微生物数量及其与土壤养分的关系[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(02):71-75.
[18]时伟伟,彭晚霞,宋同清,等.不同林龄尾巨桉人工林土壤养分与微生物的耦合关系[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(07):1452-1458.
[19]马建军,李青丰,张树礼.沙棘与不同类型植被配置下土壤微生物、养分特征及相关性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(6):163-167.
[20]蔡进军,董立国,李生宝,等.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤微生物功能多样性特征[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(4):555-562.
[21]田稼,孙超,杨明琰,等.黄土高原不同树龄苹果园土壤微生物、养分及pH的相关性[J].西北农业学报2012,21(7):138-141,148.
[2]惠竹梅,李华,龙妍,等.葡萄园行间生草体系中土壤微生物数量的变化及其与土壤养分的关系[J].园艺学报,2010,37(09):1395-1402.
[3]孙波,赵其国,张桃林,等.土壤质量与持续环境──Ⅲ.土壤质量评价的生物学指标[J].土壤,1997(05):225-234.
[4]唐玉姝,魏朝富,颜廷梅,等.土壤质量生物学指标研究进展[J].土壤,2007,39(2):157-163.
[5]Jin Zhengzhong,Lei Jiaqiang,Xu Xinwen,et al. Canonical correlations of soil nutrients,microbial biomass and enzyme activity of forest land drip-irrigated with saline water in the hinterland of taklimakan desert[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2008,45(6):119-127.
[6]Cao Hui. Change of microbial biomass and enzyme activity in vegetable[J]. Soil(土壤),2002,32(4):197~200(in Chinese).
[7]Insam H,Mitchell C C,Dormaar J F. Relationship of soil microbial biomass and activity with fertilization practice and crop yield of three Ultisols[J]. Soil Biol.Biochem,1991(23):459-464.
[8]邵玉琴,朴顺姬,敖晓兰,等.内蒙古皇甫川流域不同生态环境对土壤微生物类群数量的影响[J].农业科学学报,2004,23(3):565-568.
[9]邹汉玄,杨先跃,曹斌,等.土壤微生物对柑桔生长及产量的影响[J].果树科学. 1994(1):19-22.
[10]计钟程.重茬大豆减产与土壤环境变化[J].大豆科学,1995,14(4):321-329.
[11]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社. 1999:42-50.
[12]惠竹梅,李华,龙妍,等.葡萄园行间生草体系中土壤微生物数量的变化及其与土壤养分的关系[J].园艺学报,2010,37(9):1395-1402.
[13]Spring G P. Ratio of microbial biomass to soil organic matter carbon as a sensitive indicator of changes in soil organic matter[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Research,1992(30):195-207.
[14]周智彬,李培军.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工绿地土壤中微生物的生态分布及其与土壤因子间的关系[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(8):1246-1250.
[15]付刚,刘增文,崔芳芳.秦岭山区典型人工林土壤酶活性、微生物及其与土壤养分的关系[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(10):88-94.
[16]吕桂芬,吴永胜,李浩,等.荒漠草原不同退化阶段土壤微生物、土壤养分及酶活性的研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(01):104-109.
[17]戴雅婷,闫志坚,王慧,等.油蒿根际土壤微生物数量及其与土壤养分的关系[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(02):71-75.
[18]时伟伟,彭晚霞,宋同清,等.不同林龄尾巨桉人工林土壤养分与微生物的耦合关系[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(07):1452-1458.
[19]马建军,李青丰,张树礼.沙棘与不同类型植被配置下土壤微生物、养分特征及相关性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(6):163-167.
[20]蔡进军,董立国,李生宝,等.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤微生物功能多样性特征[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(4):555-562.
[21]田稼,孙超,杨明琰,等.黄土高原不同树龄苹果园土壤微生物、养分及pH的相关性[J].西北农业学报2012,21(7):138-141,148.
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