球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana对茶蚜Toxoptera aurantii致病力筛选及毒力活性研究
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摘要
茶蚜Toxoptera aurantii(Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841)是茶园重要害虫之一,开展茶蚜的绿色防控是茶叶安全优质生产的重要保障。研究以无翅茶蚜为研究对象,通过喷雾塔喷雾接菌方法,对供试的9株球孢白僵菌菌株对无翅茶蚜的致病力活性进行筛选,获得了3株致死中时LT_(50)在4.5 d以内,7 d校正死亡率在90%以上的潜在高致病菌株。进一步通过活性评价试验,优化出高致病球孢白僵菌Bb2032菌株,并对该菌株开展了侵染无翅茶蚜毒力学活性评价研究,其4 d、8 d致死中浓度LC_(50)分别为2.881×10~7孢子/mL和2.102×10~4孢子/mL。最后通过显微技术观察高致病球孢白僵菌株Bb2032侵染茶蚜的症状,表明菌丝主要从无翅茶蚜的腹管和头部两个位置浸染。该研究将为白僵菌应用在茶园有害生物综合治理中提供理论基础,为茶叶的安全生产提供技术支撑,具有广阔的应用前景。
Tea aphid Toxoptera aurantii( Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) is one of the important pests in tea plantations. Carrying out green prevention and control of Toxoptera aurantii is an important guarantee for safe and high quality tea production. In this study, the pathogenicity screening and virulence activity of 9 strains of Beauveria bassiana against on Toxoptera aurantii was tested by spray tower spray. The 3 highly pathogenic strains were obtained and theirs against tea aphid LT_(50) was within 4.5 d, correct mortality above 90%( 7 d). Furthermore, the great pathogenic Beauveria bassiana Bb2032 strain was screened out by activity-evaluation test, and the conidia infected activity against tea aphid was measured. And the result showed that the LC_(50) in the 4 th and 8 th days was 2.881×10~7 spores/mL and 2.102×10~4 spores/mL, respectively. Finally, the microscopic technique was used to observe that Bb 2032 strain infected tea aphid from cornicles and head. This study will provide a theoretical research basis for the application of Beauveria bassiana in the comprehensive management of pests in tea gardens, provide technical support for high-quality tea production, and have broad application prospects.
Tea aphid Toxoptera aurantii( Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) is one of the important pests in tea plantations. Carrying out green prevention and control of Toxoptera aurantii is an important guarantee for safe and high quality tea production. In this study, the pathogenicity screening and virulence activity of 9 strains of Beauveria bassiana against on Toxoptera aurantii was tested by spray tower spray. The 3 highly pathogenic strains were obtained and theirs against tea aphid LT_(50) was within 4.5 d, correct mortality above 90%( 7 d). Furthermore, the great pathogenic Beauveria bassiana Bb2032 strain was screened out by activity-evaluation test, and the conidia infected activity against tea aphid was measured. And the result showed that the LC_(50) in the 4 th and 8 th days was 2.881×10~7 spores/mL and 2.102×10~4 spores/mL, respectively. Finally, the microscopic technique was used to observe that Bb 2032 strain infected tea aphid from cornicles and head. This study will provide a theoretical research basis for the application of Beauveria bassiana in the comprehensive management of pests in tea gardens, provide technical support for high-quality tea production, and have broad application prospects.
引文
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[3]刘征,黄晓磊,姜立云,等.中国蚜虫类昆虫物种多样性与分布特点(半翅目,蚜总科)[J].动物分类学报,2009, 34(2):277-291.
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[6]韩宝瑜,陈宗懋.七星瓢虫和异色瓢虫四变种成虫对茶蚜蜜露的搜索行为和蜜露的组分分析[J].生态学报, 2000, 20(3):495-501.
[7] JIANG H, WANG J, SONG L, et al. GC×GC-TOFMS analysis of esse ntial oils composition from leaves, twigs and seeds of Cinnamomum camphora L. Presl and their insecticidal and repellent activities[J]. Molecules, 2016, 21(4):423.
[8]高旭晖,梁丽云,杨云秋,等.茶蚜主要捕食性天敌种类,发生规律及其保护和利用[J].茶业通报, 2009(2):59-61.
[9]李增智,黄勃,陈名君,等.分子时代的白僵菌研究[J].菌物学报, 2011, 30(6):823-835.
[10]李增智,李春如,黄勃,等.重要虫生真菌球孢白僵菌有性型的发现和证实[J].科学通报, 2001,46(6):470-473.
[11]蒲蛰龙,李增智.昆虫真菌学[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社, 1996.
[12] REHNER S A, MINNIS A M, SUNG G H, et al. Phylogeny and systematics of the anamorphic, entomopathogenic genus Beauveria[J]. Mycologia, 2011, 103(5):1055-1073.
[13] FENG P, SHANG Y F, CEN K, et al. Fungal biosynthesis of the bibenzoquinone oosporein to evade insect immunity[J]. Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America, 2015, 112(36):11365-11370.
[14] ALTRE J A, VANDENBERG J D, CANTONE FA. Pathogenicity of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus isolates to diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella:correlation with spore size, germination speed, and attachment to cuticle[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1999, 73(3):332-338.
[15]孙鲁娟,吴孔明.棉铃虫感染白僵菌后的组织病理变化[J].中国生物防治学报, 2000, 16(3):102-106.
[16]李华祥.高产孢白僵菌的发酵与茶叶病害虫防治[D].无锡:江南大学, 2012.
[17] DE FARIA M R, WRAIGHT S P. Mycoinsecticides and mycoacaricides:a comprehensive list with worldwide coverage and international classification of formulation types[J]. Biological Control, 2007, 43(3):237-256.
[18]刘健,陈洪章,李佐虎.白僵菌杀虫剂生产工艺研究状况与展望[J].中国生物防治学报, 2003, 19(2):86-90.
[19] ZIMMERMANN G. Review on safety of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria brongniartii[J]. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2007, 17(5-6):553-596.
[20]蒲顺昌,刘玉军,陈名君.麻姑山林场球孢白僵菌遗传多样性的SSR标记分析[J].安徽农业大学学报, 2013, 40(3):474-481.
[21]曹卫平,冯书亮,王金耀,等.白僵菌防治刺吸式口器害虫研究与应用进展[J].中国生物防治, 2006, 22(2):129-134.
[22]罗成,应盛华,冯明光.球孢白僵菌对斜纹夜蛾高毒菌株筛选与制剂的研发[J].中国生物防治学报, 2011, 27(2):188-196.
[23]王登杰,臧连生,张烨,等.球孢白僵菌对烟粉虱后代生命表参数的亚致死影响[J].中国农业科学, 2014, 47(18):3588-3595.
[24]王雪芹.蜡蚧轮枝菌生物学特性及对茶蚜的侵染性研究[D].福州:福建农林大学, 2007.
[2] HAN B Y, ZHANG Q H, BYERS J A. Attraction of the tea aphid, Toxoptera aurantii, to combinations of volatiles and colors related to tea plants[J]. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2012, 144(3):258-269.
[3]刘征,黄晓磊,姜立云,等.中国蚜虫类昆虫物种多样性与分布特点(半翅目,蚜总科)[J].动物分类学报,2009, 34(2):277-291.
[4]陈宗懋.茶树害虫化学生态学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社, 2013.
[5] HAN B Y, CHEN Z M. Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of natural enemies to synomones from tea shoots and kairomones from tea aphids, Toxoptera aurantii[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2002, 28(11):2203-2219.
[6]韩宝瑜,陈宗懋.七星瓢虫和异色瓢虫四变种成虫对茶蚜蜜露的搜索行为和蜜露的组分分析[J].生态学报, 2000, 20(3):495-501.
[7] JIANG H, WANG J, SONG L, et al. GC×GC-TOFMS analysis of esse ntial oils composition from leaves, twigs and seeds of Cinnamomum camphora L. Presl and their insecticidal and repellent activities[J]. Molecules, 2016, 21(4):423.
[8]高旭晖,梁丽云,杨云秋,等.茶蚜主要捕食性天敌种类,发生规律及其保护和利用[J].茶业通报, 2009(2):59-61.
[9]李增智,黄勃,陈名君,等.分子时代的白僵菌研究[J].菌物学报, 2011, 30(6):823-835.
[10]李增智,李春如,黄勃,等.重要虫生真菌球孢白僵菌有性型的发现和证实[J].科学通报, 2001,46(6):470-473.
[11]蒲蛰龙,李增智.昆虫真菌学[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社, 1996.
[12] REHNER S A, MINNIS A M, SUNG G H, et al. Phylogeny and systematics of the anamorphic, entomopathogenic genus Beauveria[J]. Mycologia, 2011, 103(5):1055-1073.
[13] FENG P, SHANG Y F, CEN K, et al. Fungal biosynthesis of the bibenzoquinone oosporein to evade insect immunity[J]. Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America, 2015, 112(36):11365-11370.
[14] ALTRE J A, VANDENBERG J D, CANTONE FA. Pathogenicity of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus isolates to diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella:correlation with spore size, germination speed, and attachment to cuticle[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1999, 73(3):332-338.
[15]孙鲁娟,吴孔明.棉铃虫感染白僵菌后的组织病理变化[J].中国生物防治学报, 2000, 16(3):102-106.
[16]李华祥.高产孢白僵菌的发酵与茶叶病害虫防治[D].无锡:江南大学, 2012.
[17] DE FARIA M R, WRAIGHT S P. Mycoinsecticides and mycoacaricides:a comprehensive list with worldwide coverage and international classification of formulation types[J]. Biological Control, 2007, 43(3):237-256.
[18]刘健,陈洪章,李佐虎.白僵菌杀虫剂生产工艺研究状况与展望[J].中国生物防治学报, 2003, 19(2):86-90.
[19] ZIMMERMANN G. Review on safety of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria brongniartii[J]. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2007, 17(5-6):553-596.
[20]蒲顺昌,刘玉军,陈名君.麻姑山林场球孢白僵菌遗传多样性的SSR标记分析[J].安徽农业大学学报, 2013, 40(3):474-481.
[21]曹卫平,冯书亮,王金耀,等.白僵菌防治刺吸式口器害虫研究与应用进展[J].中国生物防治, 2006, 22(2):129-134.
[22]罗成,应盛华,冯明光.球孢白僵菌对斜纹夜蛾高毒菌株筛选与制剂的研发[J].中国生物防治学报, 2011, 27(2):188-196.
[23]王登杰,臧连生,张烨,等.球孢白僵菌对烟粉虱后代生命表参数的亚致死影响[J].中国农业科学, 2014, 47(18):3588-3595.
[24]王雪芹.蜡蚧轮枝菌生物学特性及对茶蚜的侵染性研究[D].福州:福建农林大学, 2007.
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