城市森林植物叶面颗粒物中重金属和多环芳烃的研究进展
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摘要
城市森林是城市的后花园,为城市发展提供显著的生态效益。以国内外叶面颗粒物重金属和多环芳烃(PAHs)相关的研究文献为依据,综合分析了城市化程度、植被覆盖程度、植物种类、气候因素、城市热量来源等因子对城市叶面颗粒物重金属和PAHs含量的影响,全面解析了叶面颗粒物重金属和PAHs的主要来源如化石燃料、煤炭及生物质燃烧、工业排放以及道路降尘等,总体剖析了其生态风险及健康风险的评价方法,并对叶面颗粒物重金属和PAHs的综合防治进行了展望,以期为城市污染防治提供依据。
Urban forest is the back garden of city, which provides remarkable ecological benefits for urban development. Based on the research literatures of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) in urban foliar particulates at home and abroad,this paper comprehensively analyzed the influence of urbanization level,vegetation coverage,plant species,climate factors,urban heat source and other factors on urban foliar particles content of heavy metals and PAHs,and aggregate resolved the main sources of foliar particles heavy metals and PAHs,such as the burning of fossil fuels,coal and biomass combustion,industrial emissions and road dust,and the overall analysis of its ecological risk and health risk evaluation method. The comprehensive pollution control of heavy metals and PAHs in foliar particulate matter were prospected in order to provide basis for urban pollution control.
Urban forest is the back garden of city, which provides remarkable ecological benefits for urban development. Based on the research literatures of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) in urban foliar particulates at home and abroad,this paper comprehensively analyzed the influence of urbanization level,vegetation coverage,plant species,climate factors,urban heat source and other factors on urban foliar particles content of heavy metals and PAHs,and aggregate resolved the main sources of foliar particles heavy metals and PAHs,such as the burning of fossil fuels,coal and biomass combustion,industrial emissions and road dust,and the overall analysis of its ecological risk and health risk evaluation method. The comprehensive pollution control of heavy metals and PAHs in foliar particulate matter were prospected in order to provide basis for urban pollution control.
引文
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[3]张俊叶，俞菲，俞元春．城市土壤多环芳烃污染研究进展[J]．土壤通报，2018,49(1):243-252.Zhang J Y,Yu F,Yu Y C. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution in urban soils:A review[J]. Chin. J. Soil Sci.,2018,49(1):243-252.
[4]张俊叶，俞菲，俞元春．中国主要地区表层土壤多环芳烃含量及来源解析[J]．生态环境学报，2017,26(6):1059-1067.Zhang J Y,Yu F,Yu Y C. Content and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface soil in major areas of China[J]. Ecol. Environ. Sci.,2017,26(6):1059-1067.
[5] Grey G W,Deneke F J. Urban Forestry[M]. Florida:Krieger Publishing Company,1992.
[6]王义文．城市森林的兴起及其发展趋势[J]．世界林业研究，1992(1):42-49.Wang Y W. The booming of urban forestry and its development[J]. World Forestry Res.,1992(1):42-49.
[7]易心钰，彭映赫，廖菊阳，等．森林植被与大气颗粒物的关系[J]．植物科学学报，2017,35(5):790-796.Yi X Y, Peng Y H, Liao J Y, et al.. A review of the relationship between forest vegetation and atmospheric particulate matter[J]. Plant Sci. J.,2017,35(5):790-796.
[8]王磊，黄利斌，万欣，等．城市森林对大气颗粒物(尤其PM2.5)调控作用研究进展[J]．南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)，2016,40(5):148-154.Wang L, Huang L B, Wan X, et al.. Progress on the regulating effects of urban forest vegetation on atmospheric particulate matter(especially PM2.5)[J]. J. Nanjing Forestry Univ.(Nat. Sci.),2016,40(5):148-154.
[9]杨峥，刘艳菊，朱明淏．植物叶表尘及重金属对城市大气颗粒物污染的指示与评估[J]．环境科学学报，2018,38(7):2782-2795.Yang Z,Liu Y J,Zhu M H. Indication and assessment of urban airborne particulate pollution using plant leaf surface dust and associated metals[J]. Acta Sci. Circumst.,2018,38(7):2782-2795.
[10]努热曼古丽·图尔荪，塔吉古丽·艾麦提，马承愚．阿克苏市植物叶面尘的重金属特征[J]．干旱区资源与环境，2015,29(11):115-120.Tuersun N,Aimaiti T,Ma C Y. Heavy metal features of plant foliage dust in Aksu city[J]. J. Arid Land Resour. Environ.,2015,29(11):115-120.
[11]焦杏春，左谦，曹军，等．城区叶面尘特性及其多环芳烃含量[J]．环境科学，2004,25(2):162-165.Jiao X C,Zuo Q,Cao J,et al.. PAHs in foliar dust from Beijing urban area[J]. Environ. Sci.,2004,25(2):162-165.
[12]杨博．城市典型植物叶片中PAHs的时空分布特征及迁移转化机理[D]．上海:华东师范大学，硕士学位论文，2017.Yang B. The spatial-temporal distribution and transport process of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in leaves of urban typical tree species[D]. Shanghai:East China Normal University,Master Dissertation,2017.
[13] Liu J,Cao Z,Zou S,et al.. An investigation of the leaf retention capacity,efficiency and mechanism for atmospheric particulate matter of five greening tree species in Beijing,China[J]. Sci. Total Environ.,2018,616-617:417-426.
[14] Song Y S, Maher B A, Li F, et al.. Particulate matter deposited on leaf of five evergreen species in Beijing,China:Source identification and size distribution[J]. Atmospheric Environ.,2015,105(1):53-60.
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