黏土与粉煤灰吸附农村生活垃圾渗滤液的效能及机理
|
摘要
分别以黏土和粉煤灰作为吸附剂,研究单一材料下吸附时间、吸附剂投加量和渗滤液初始p H对农村生活垃圾渗滤液吸附效能的影响及吸附机理。综合考虑去除效果、运行成本及可操作性,选择吸附时间为180 min、吸附剂投加量为50 g/L、渗滤液初始p H为自然值(7. 5～8. 0)作为实际运行工况。结果表明:黏土对农村生活垃圾渗滤液中化学需氧量(CODCr)、氨氮(NH3-N)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的去除率分别为25. 58%、14. 87%、41. 63%和62. 25%,粉煤灰为33. 01%、18. 18%、22. 07%和60. 46%;黏土对重金属Cr、As、Cd、Ni和Pb的去除率分别为13. 04%、43. 34%、60. 24%、47. 52%和61. 77%,粉煤灰为10. 53%、31. 52%、84. 30%、65. 73%和68. 65%。黏土和粉煤灰对渗滤液中污染物的等温吸附较符合Freundlich模型,化学吸附在多种吸附作用中占主导作用。
The effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage and initial pH on adsorption efficiency and its adsorption mechanism of clay and coal fly ash were investigated in batch experiments. Considering the removal effect,operation cost and maneuverability, the contact time of 180 min, adsorbent dosage of 50 g/L, initial leachate pH of natural value( 7. 5-8. 0) were chosen as the actual operation condition. The results showed that under this condition,the removal rates of clay and coal fly ash for normal pollutants of rural domestic waste leachate( CODCr, NH3-N,TN, TP) were 25. 58% and 33. 01%, 14. 87% and 18. 18%, 41. 63% and 22. 07%, 62. 25% and 60. 46%,respectively. The removal rates of clay and coal fly ash for heavy metals( Cr, As, Cd, Ni, Pb) were 13. 04% and10. 53%, 43. 34% and 31. 52%, 60. 24% and 84. 30%, 47. 52% and 65. 73%, 61. 77% and 68. 65%,respectively. The isothermal dates of clay and coal fly ash for various pollutants in landfill leachate could be well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the chemisorption was the dominant mechanism.
The effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage and initial pH on adsorption efficiency and its adsorption mechanism of clay and coal fly ash were investigated in batch experiments. Considering the removal effect,operation cost and maneuverability, the contact time of 180 min, adsorbent dosage of 50 g/L, initial leachate pH of natural value( 7. 5-8. 0) were chosen as the actual operation condition. The results showed that under this condition,the removal rates of clay and coal fly ash for normal pollutants of rural domestic waste leachate( CODCr, NH3-N,TN, TP) were 25. 58% and 33. 01%, 14. 87% and 18. 18%, 41. 63% and 22. 07%, 62. 25% and 60. 46%,respectively. The removal rates of clay and coal fly ash for heavy metals( Cr, As, Cd, Ni, Pb) were 13. 04% and10. 53%, 43. 34% and 31. 52%, 60. 24% and 84. 30%, 47. 52% and 65. 73%, 61. 77% and 68. 65%,respectively. The isothermal dates of clay and coal fly ash for various pollutants in landfill leachate could be well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the chemisorption was the dominant mechanism.
引文
[1]潘云霞,刘源,罗华平.超声-Fenton试剂耦合处理农村垃圾的渗滤液[J].农机化研究,2012,34(3):229-232.PAN Y X,LIU Y,LUO H P. Degradation of landfill leachate in rural areas with ultrasound-Fenton reagent progress[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2012,34(3):229-232.
[2] LI W B,YAO J,TAO P P,et al. An innovative combined on-site process for the remote rural solid waste treatment:a pilot scale case study in China[J]. Bioresource Technology,2011,102(5):4117-4123.
[3]於俊颖.村镇生活垃圾渗滤液的溶出规律研究[D].苏州:苏州科技大学,2017.
[4]张龙,李爱民,邓丛林,等.吸附法处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展[J].环境保护科学,2008(4):11-14.ZHANG L,LI A M,DENG C L,et al. Research progress on the treatment of landfill leachates by adsorption[J]. Environmental Protection Science,2008(4):11-14.
[5] HEAVEY M. Low-cost treatment of landfill leachate using peat[J]. Waste Management,2003,23(5):447-454.
[6]蒋建国,陈嫣,邓舟,等.沸石吸附法去除垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的研究[J].给水排水,2003(3):6-9.JIANG J G,CHEN Y,DENG Z,et al Ammonia nitrogen removal from refuse landfill leachate by zeolite adsorption process[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2003(3):6-9.
[7]韦旭,刘慧娟,冯庆革,等.钙硅材料处理垃圾渗滤液的实验研究[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),2012,37(3):549-554.WEI X,LIU H J,FENG Q G,et al. Study on the treatment of landfill leachate by calciumsilicon material[J]. Journal of Guangxi University(Natural Science Edition),2012,37(3):549-554.
[8] MUSSO T B,PAROLO M E,PETTINARI G,et al. Cu(Ⅱ)and Zn(Ⅱ)adsorption capacity of three different clay liner materials[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2014,146:50-58.
[9]张璐,杨忆新,罗明生,等.天然沸石去除煤化工废水中氨氮的研究[J].工业水处理,2018,38(7):46-49.ZHANG L,YANG Y X,LUO M S,et al. Research on natural zeolite for the removal of ammonia nitrogen from coal chemical wastewater[J]. Industrial Water Treatment,2018,38(7):46-49.
[10]蔡宽,李瑞萍,张欣欣,等.磁赤铁矿对有机染料吸附行为的特征研究[J].矿物岩石,2014,34(3):1-6.CAI K,LI R P,ZHANG X X,et al. Study of adsorption charateristics of organic dyes on madnetic hematite[J]. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2014,34(3):1-6.
[11]易齐涛,余艳霞,李慧,等.粉煤灰渗滤系统处理城市非点源污染物效果评估[J].环境化学,2018,37(3):559-568.YI Q T,YU Y X,LI H,et al. Removal of urban nonpoint source pollutants by the infiltration system packed with fly ash[J].Environmental Chemistry,2018,37(3):559-568.
[12]陈婕,罗海波,刘方,等.炉渣颗粒吸附剂对沼液吸附效果研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2013,15(1):152-157.CHEN J,LUO H B,LIU F,et al. Adsorption effect of slag particles on biogas slurry[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2013,15(1):152-157.
[13] HAMEED B H,RAHMAN A A. Removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from biomass material[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,160(2):576-581.
[14]吕利,张路,吴勇,等.粘土处理垃圾渗滤液的探讨[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(6):3535-3536.LL,ZHANG L,WU Y,et al. Discussion on the landfill leachate disposed by clay[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(6):3535-3536.
[15]李艳梅,任晓莉,杜云云,等.粘土矿物吸附重金属的研究[J].天津农业科学,2011,17(2):34-37.LI Y M,REN X L,DU Y Y,et al. Study on the adsorption of heavy metals with clays[J]. Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2011,17(2):34-37.
[16] WU P X,WEN Y,XIANG Y,et al. Sorption of pyrene by clay minerals coated with dissolved organic matter(DOM)from landfill leachate[J]. Journal of Chemistry,2015. DOI:10. 1155/2015/734610.
[17] LI S Y,XIE S B,ZHAO C,et al. Efficiency of adsorption of wastewater containing uranium by fly ash[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2013,639/640:1295-1299.
[18] ALINNOR I J. Adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by fly ash[J]. Fuel,2007,86(5):853-857.
[19] KAO P C,TZENG J H,HUANG T L. Removal of chlorophenols from aqueous solution by fly ash[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2000,76(2):237-249.
[20]包农建,团良. EDTA-铵盐快速法测定土壤中阳离子方法探讨[J].北方环境,2012,24(3):156-158.BAO N J,TUAN L. Research in the EDTA-ammonium salt express analysis of soil cation exchange capacity[J]. Northern Environment,2012,24(3):156-158.
[21]吉利明,邱军利,夏燕青,等.常见黏土矿物电镜扫描微孔隙特征与甲烷吸附性[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):249-256.JI L M,QIU J L,XIA Y Q,et al. Micro-pore characteristics and methane adsorption properties of common clay minerals by electron microscope scanning[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):249-256.
[22]王元有.磁性蒙脱石对废水中磷的吸附[J].实验室研究与探索,2016,35(2):41-44.WANG Y Y. Adsorption of phosphorus by magnetic montmorillonite in wastewater[J]. Research and Exploration in Laboratory,2016,35(2):41-44.
[23] ZHAO S X,CHEN Z L,SHEN J M,et al. Enhanced Cr(Ⅵ)removal based on reduction-coagulation-precipitation by Na BH4combined with fly ash leachate as a catalyst[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,322:646-656.
[24] NAM J S,KIM C Y. Effect of B2O3on the removal of phosphate ions from an aqueous solution in borosilicate glasses[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,172(2):1013-1020.
[25] NATLIA M,QUEROL X,AYORA C. Utilization of zeolites synthesized from coal fly ash for the purification of acid mine waters[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2001,35(17):3526-3534.
[26]杨文焕,张雪峰,郭俊温,等.粉煤灰合成P型沸石及其对氨氮吸附性能研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2012,31(6):1559-1563.YANG W H,ZHANG X F,GUO J W,et al. Study on adsorption performance of amnonia nitrogen by P style zeolite synthesized from fly ash[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2012,31(6):1559-1563.
[27]朱维,刘代欢,陈建清,等.黏土矿物在土壤重金属污染中的应用研究进展[J].土壤通报,2018,49(2):499-504.ZHU W,LIU D H,CHEN J Q,et al. Research progress on the application of clay minerals in the minerals in the remediation of cadmium polluted farmland[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2018,49(2):499-504.
[28]王玉飞,闫龙,邢娜,等.粉煤灰基聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂处理洗煤废水研究[J].非金属矿,2018,41(6):80-82.WANG Y F,YAN L,XING N,et al. Preparation and study on performance of fly ash based flocculant[J]. Non-Metallic Mines,2018,41(6):80-82.
[29] ZHOU Q,LIU J,QIAN G,et al. Granular laterite for batch and column studies of phosphate removal and its modification with iron for enhancing the adsorption property[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment,2015,54(4/5):1204-1215.
[30]陈红亮,赵荣飞,李琳,等.拜耳法赤泥吸附废水中Mn2+和NH4+的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(6):161-166.CHEN H L,ZHAO R F,LI L,et al. Studies of adsorbing Mn2+and NH4+from wastewater using Bayer red mud[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2015,38(6):161-166.
[31] ELLIOTT H A,DENNENY C M. Soil adsorption of cadmium from solutions containing organic ligands[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,1982,11(4):658-663.
[32] SRIVASTAVA V C,MALL I D,MISHRA I M. Equilibrium modelling of single and binary adsorption of cadmium and nickel onto bagasse fly ash[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2006,117(1):79-91.
[33]张慰.粉煤灰在水处理中的应用试验研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2006.
[34] MAROTO-VALER M M,ZHANG Y Z,GRANITE E J,et al.Effect of porous structure and surface functionality on the mercury capacity of a fly ash carbon and its activated sample[J]. Fuel,2005,84(1):105-108.
[2] LI W B,YAO J,TAO P P,et al. An innovative combined on-site process for the remote rural solid waste treatment:a pilot scale case study in China[J]. Bioresource Technology,2011,102(5):4117-4123.
[3]於俊颖.村镇生活垃圾渗滤液的溶出规律研究[D].苏州:苏州科技大学,2017.
[4]张龙,李爱民,邓丛林,等.吸附法处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展[J].环境保护科学,2008(4):11-14.ZHANG L,LI A M,DENG C L,et al. Research progress on the treatment of landfill leachates by adsorption[J]. Environmental Protection Science,2008(4):11-14.
[5] HEAVEY M. Low-cost treatment of landfill leachate using peat[J]. Waste Management,2003,23(5):447-454.
[6]蒋建国,陈嫣,邓舟,等.沸石吸附法去除垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的研究[J].给水排水,2003(3):6-9.JIANG J G,CHEN Y,DENG Z,et al Ammonia nitrogen removal from refuse landfill leachate by zeolite adsorption process[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2003(3):6-9.
[7]韦旭,刘慧娟,冯庆革,等.钙硅材料处理垃圾渗滤液的实验研究[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),2012,37(3):549-554.WEI X,LIU H J,FENG Q G,et al. Study on the treatment of landfill leachate by calciumsilicon material[J]. Journal of Guangxi University(Natural Science Edition),2012,37(3):549-554.
[8] MUSSO T B,PAROLO M E,PETTINARI G,et al. Cu(Ⅱ)and Zn(Ⅱ)adsorption capacity of three different clay liner materials[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2014,146:50-58.
[9]张璐,杨忆新,罗明生,等.天然沸石去除煤化工废水中氨氮的研究[J].工业水处理,2018,38(7):46-49.ZHANG L,YANG Y X,LUO M S,et al. Research on natural zeolite for the removal of ammonia nitrogen from coal chemical wastewater[J]. Industrial Water Treatment,2018,38(7):46-49.
[10]蔡宽,李瑞萍,张欣欣,等.磁赤铁矿对有机染料吸附行为的特征研究[J].矿物岩石,2014,34(3):1-6.CAI K,LI R P,ZHANG X X,et al. Study of adsorption charateristics of organic dyes on madnetic hematite[J]. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2014,34(3):1-6.
[11]易齐涛,余艳霞,李慧,等.粉煤灰渗滤系统处理城市非点源污染物效果评估[J].环境化学,2018,37(3):559-568.YI Q T,YU Y X,LI H,et al. Removal of urban nonpoint source pollutants by the infiltration system packed with fly ash[J].Environmental Chemistry,2018,37(3):559-568.
[12]陈婕,罗海波,刘方,等.炉渣颗粒吸附剂对沼液吸附效果研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2013,15(1):152-157.CHEN J,LUO H B,LIU F,et al. Adsorption effect of slag particles on biogas slurry[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2013,15(1):152-157.
[13] HAMEED B H,RAHMAN A A. Removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from biomass material[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,160(2):576-581.
[14]吕利,张路,吴勇,等.粘土处理垃圾渗滤液的探讨[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(6):3535-3536.LL,ZHANG L,WU Y,et al. Discussion on the landfill leachate disposed by clay[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(6):3535-3536.
[15]李艳梅,任晓莉,杜云云,等.粘土矿物吸附重金属的研究[J].天津农业科学,2011,17(2):34-37.LI Y M,REN X L,DU Y Y,et al. Study on the adsorption of heavy metals with clays[J]. Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2011,17(2):34-37.
[16] WU P X,WEN Y,XIANG Y,et al. Sorption of pyrene by clay minerals coated with dissolved organic matter(DOM)from landfill leachate[J]. Journal of Chemistry,2015. DOI:10. 1155/2015/734610.
[17] LI S Y,XIE S B,ZHAO C,et al. Efficiency of adsorption of wastewater containing uranium by fly ash[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2013,639/640:1295-1299.
[18] ALINNOR I J. Adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by fly ash[J]. Fuel,2007,86(5):853-857.
[19] KAO P C,TZENG J H,HUANG T L. Removal of chlorophenols from aqueous solution by fly ash[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2000,76(2):237-249.
[20]包农建,团良. EDTA-铵盐快速法测定土壤中阳离子方法探讨[J].北方环境,2012,24(3):156-158.BAO N J,TUAN L. Research in the EDTA-ammonium salt express analysis of soil cation exchange capacity[J]. Northern Environment,2012,24(3):156-158.
[21]吉利明,邱军利,夏燕青,等.常见黏土矿物电镜扫描微孔隙特征与甲烷吸附性[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):249-256.JI L M,QIU J L,XIA Y Q,et al. Micro-pore characteristics and methane adsorption properties of common clay minerals by electron microscope scanning[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):249-256.
[22]王元有.磁性蒙脱石对废水中磷的吸附[J].实验室研究与探索,2016,35(2):41-44.WANG Y Y. Adsorption of phosphorus by magnetic montmorillonite in wastewater[J]. Research and Exploration in Laboratory,2016,35(2):41-44.
[23] ZHAO S X,CHEN Z L,SHEN J M,et al. Enhanced Cr(Ⅵ)removal based on reduction-coagulation-precipitation by Na BH4combined with fly ash leachate as a catalyst[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,322:646-656.
[24] NAM J S,KIM C Y. Effect of B2O3on the removal of phosphate ions from an aqueous solution in borosilicate glasses[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,172(2):1013-1020.
[25] NATLIA M,QUEROL X,AYORA C. Utilization of zeolites synthesized from coal fly ash for the purification of acid mine waters[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2001,35(17):3526-3534.
[26]杨文焕,张雪峰,郭俊温,等.粉煤灰合成P型沸石及其对氨氮吸附性能研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2012,31(6):1559-1563.YANG W H,ZHANG X F,GUO J W,et al. Study on adsorption performance of amnonia nitrogen by P style zeolite synthesized from fly ash[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2012,31(6):1559-1563.
[27]朱维,刘代欢,陈建清,等.黏土矿物在土壤重金属污染中的应用研究进展[J].土壤通报,2018,49(2):499-504.ZHU W,LIU D H,CHEN J Q,et al. Research progress on the application of clay minerals in the minerals in the remediation of cadmium polluted farmland[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2018,49(2):499-504.
[28]王玉飞,闫龙,邢娜,等.粉煤灰基聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂处理洗煤废水研究[J].非金属矿,2018,41(6):80-82.WANG Y F,YAN L,XING N,et al. Preparation and study on performance of fly ash based flocculant[J]. Non-Metallic Mines,2018,41(6):80-82.
[29] ZHOU Q,LIU J,QIAN G,et al. Granular laterite for batch and column studies of phosphate removal and its modification with iron for enhancing the adsorption property[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment,2015,54(4/5):1204-1215.
[30]陈红亮,赵荣飞,李琳,等.拜耳法赤泥吸附废水中Mn2+和NH4+的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(6):161-166.CHEN H L,ZHAO R F,LI L,et al. Studies of adsorbing Mn2+and NH4+from wastewater using Bayer red mud[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2015,38(6):161-166.
[31] ELLIOTT H A,DENNENY C M. Soil adsorption of cadmium from solutions containing organic ligands[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,1982,11(4):658-663.
[32] SRIVASTAVA V C,MALL I D,MISHRA I M. Equilibrium modelling of single and binary adsorption of cadmium and nickel onto bagasse fly ash[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2006,117(1):79-91.
[33]张慰.粉煤灰在水处理中的应用试验研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2006.
[34] MAROTO-VALER M M,ZHANG Y Z,GRANITE E J,et al.Effect of porous structure and surface functionality on the mercury capacity of a fly ash carbon and its activated sample[J]. Fuel,2005,84(1):105-108.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |