室内燃烧源排放颗粒物及多环芳烃的粒径分布研究
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摘要
室内燃烧源排放颗粒物及其多环芳烃(PAHs)的粒径分布是定量评估室内人群呼吸暴露风险的重要参数之一。该研究在再悬浮箱内模拟燃香、燃蚊香、艾灸和吸烟等过程,采用MOUDI采样器采集和分析颗粒物中17种PAHs;同时,采用颗粒物计数器,在实际房间中模拟艾灸和吸烟过程,得到室内颗粒物数浓度的衰减曲线。结果表明,燃烧源烟雾颗粒的排放因子为3.68～22.46 mg/g,颗粒质量粒径呈单峰型,峰值为0.25～0.44μm;US EPA 16种优控PAHs的排放因子为10.52～91.30μg/g,艾绒燃烧排放PAHs的粒径峰值为0.44～1.0μm,略大于其它燃烧源;<1μm颗粒中PAHs的BaP等效毒性当量(BaP_(TEQ))的贡献占比为85%～98%。来源特征比值的研究显示,艾灸、燃香和吸烟释放的PAHs均归属于生物质燃烧类别。实际室内监测显示,在艾绒和香烟燃烧后室内颗粒物数浓度快速上升,在燃尽时达到峰值,而后在4 h内呈指数规律衰减,且<0.3μm的细颗粒衰减最快。
Size distribution of particles and their associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) from indoor burning source is one of the most important factors for the risk assessment of human breathing exposed to indoor burning smoke.In this study,smokes of incense,mosquito coil incense,moxa and cigarette burning were simulated in a chamber,respectively.The smoke particles were collected with a MOUDI sampler and used for further PAHs analysis.In addition,an airborne particle counter was used to monitor the indoor particle number concentrations of moxa and cigarette smokes.The emission factors for particles varied in the range of 3.68-22.46 mg/g,and the size distribution peaked at 0.25-0.44 μm.As for the US EPA 16 priority PAHs,the emission factors ranged from 10.52 μg/g to 91.30 μg/g.The size distribution of PAHs from moxa smoke peaked at 0.44-1.0 μm,which was slight higher than those from other burning sources.The toxic equivalency(BaP_(TEQ)) for benzo[a]pyrene(BaP) in particles less than 1 μm accounted for 85%-98%.The source characteristics ratios showed that moxibustion,cigarette smoke and incense burning could be categorized into biomass burning.The indoor particle number concentrations increased rapidly after the cigarette and moxa were lighted,then reached the maximum when they were burned out,and finally decreased exponentially in 4 h.Furthermore,the number concentrations of particles less than 0.3 μm decayed the fastest.
Size distribution of particles and their associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) from indoor burning source is one of the most important factors for the risk assessment of human breathing exposed to indoor burning smoke.In this study,smokes of incense,mosquito coil incense,moxa and cigarette burning were simulated in a chamber,respectively.The smoke particles were collected with a MOUDI sampler and used for further PAHs analysis.In addition,an airborne particle counter was used to monitor the indoor particle number concentrations of moxa and cigarette smokes.The emission factors for particles varied in the range of 3.68-22.46 mg/g,and the size distribution peaked at 0.25-0.44 μm.As for the US EPA 16 priority PAHs,the emission factors ranged from 10.52 μg/g to 91.30 μg/g.The size distribution of PAHs from moxa smoke peaked at 0.44-1.0 μm,which was slight higher than those from other burning sources.The toxic equivalency(BaP_(TEQ)) for benzo[a]pyrene(BaP) in particles less than 1 μm accounted for 85%-98%.The source characteristics ratios showed that moxibustion,cigarette smoke and incense burning could be categorized into biomass burning.The indoor particle number concentrations increased rapidly after the cigarette and moxa were lighted,then reached the maximum when they were burned out,and finally decreased exponentially in 4 h.Furthermore,the number concentrations of particles less than 0.3 μm decayed the fastest.
引文
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