大型城市生活垃圾焚烧炉结构改造的数值模拟研究
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摘要
研究利用Flic和Fluent耦合计算,进而准确有效预测某900 t/d焚烧炉内的温度分布。改造前的数值模拟结果表明,炉膛壁面严重的高温腐蚀的原因主要是二次风口位置不合理和炉排速度不合适。利用计算流体力学(CFD)进行一系列的数值模拟实验,研究炉排速度和堆料厚度、折焰角是否布置、二次风管的排列方式、前后拱二次风和烟道二次风风口位置对于炉膛燃烧过程的影响。结果表明:合适的炉排速度和加装折焰角可以改进炉膛底部的燃烧情况;二次风管采用切圆布置方式可以强化对于高温烟气的约束作用,减少壁面高温腐蚀;前后拱二次风可以加强炉拱区的扰动减少积灰;烟道二次风风口优化调整后,可以加强气流扰动,提高燃料的燃尽率。
This study uses Flic and Fluent coupling calculations in order to accurately and effectively predict the temperature distribution in a 900 t/d incinerator.The numerical simulation results before the transformation show that the severe high temperature corrosion of the furnace wall is mainly due to the improper position of the secondary air outlet and the inappropriate speed of the grate.A series of numerical simulation experiments are completed using computational fluid dynamics(CFD). The effects of grate speed and stock thickness, whether the flame angle is arranged, the arrangement of the secondary air duct, the secondary wind of the front and rear arches and the position of the secondary air outlet of the flue for the combustion process of the furnace are researched. The results indicate that the appropriate grate speed and the addition of the flame angle could improve the combustion of the bottom of the furnace.The secondary air duct adopts the tangential arrangement to strengthen the restraining effect on the high temperature flue gas and reduce the high temperature corrosion of the wall surface.The secondary winds of the front and rear arches can enhance the disturbance of the furnace arch area to reduce the ash accumulation; after the optimization of the secondary air vents of the flue, the airflow disturbance can be enhanced and the fuel burn-up rate can be improved.
This study uses Flic and Fluent coupling calculations in order to accurately and effectively predict the temperature distribution in a 900 t/d incinerator.The numerical simulation results before the transformation show that the severe high temperature corrosion of the furnace wall is mainly due to the improper position of the secondary air outlet and the inappropriate speed of the grate.A series of numerical simulation experiments are completed using computational fluid dynamics(CFD). The effects of grate speed and stock thickness, whether the flame angle is arranged, the arrangement of the secondary air duct, the secondary wind of the front and rear arches and the position of the secondary air outlet of the flue for the combustion process of the furnace are researched. The results indicate that the appropriate grate speed and the addition of the flame angle could improve the combustion of the bottom of the furnace.The secondary air duct adopts the tangential arrangement to strengthen the restraining effect on the high temperature flue gas and reduce the high temperature corrosion of the wall surface.The secondary winds of the front and rear arches can enhance the disturbance of the furnace arch area to reduce the ash accumulation; after the optimization of the secondary air vents of the flue, the airflow disturbance can be enhanced and the fuel burn-up rate can be improved.
引文
[1] 徐海云.城市生活垃圾处理行业2017年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2018(7):5-9.
[2] SORIA J,GAUTHIER D,FLAMANT G,et al.Coupling scales for modelling heavy metal vaporization from municipal solid waste incineration in a fluid bed by CFD[J].Waste Management,2015,43:176-187.
[3] DENG N,LI D,ZHANG Q,et al.Simulation analysis of municipal solid waste pyrolysis and gasification based on Aspen plus[J].Frontiers in Energy,2019,13(1):64-70.
[4] 陈涛,韩乃卿,邵哲如,等.国产化垃圾焚烧炉排炉膛选型CFD优化研究[J].资源节约与环保,2014(1):48-50.
[5] WANG J,XUE Y,ZHANG X,et al.Numerical study of radiation effect on the municipal solid waste combustion characteristics inside an incinerator[J].Waste Management,2015,44:116-124.
[6] LIANG Z,MA X.Mathematical modeling of MSW combustion and SNCR in a full-scale municipal incinerator and effects of grate speed and oxygen-enriched atmospheres on operating conditions[J].Waste Management,2010,30(12):2520-2529.
[7] 马晓茜,卢苇,张笑冰,等.垃圾焚烧炉热力模型研究[J].化学工程,2000(4):36-40.
[8] 谷天宝.垃圾焚烧炉床层数值模拟软件开发与计算分析[D].天津:天津大学,2018.
[9] 王乾.生活垃圾焚烧烟气脱硝模拟及在运行优化中的应用[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2017.
[10] 马括,邬思柯,王小聪,等.生物质颗粒燃料层燃燃烧的FLIC数值模拟与分析[J].可再生能源,2015,33(5):766-770.
[11] 张艳,解海卫.炉排型垃圾焚烧炉燃烧过程的数值模拟[J].热科学与技术,2015,14(6):512-516.
[12] 赖志燚,马晓茜,余昭胜.前、后拱和二次风对垃圾焚烧炉燃烧影响研究[J].锅炉技术,2011,42(4):70-74.
[13] 李坚,夏梓洪,吴亭亭,等.二次风喷嘴角度对炉排式垃圾焚烧炉内燃烧及选择性非催化还原脱硝的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(10):5907-5913.
[14] 高毅,姚凯,张海丹,等.1 000 MW超超临界锅炉折焰角斜坡积灰与塌灰计算分析[J].洁净煤技术,2019,25(2):114-119.
[15] 刘瑞媚,刘玉坤,王智化,等.垃圾焚烧炉排炉二次风配风的CFD优化模拟[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2017,51(3):507.
[16] GB 18485—2001,生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
[2] SORIA J,GAUTHIER D,FLAMANT G,et al.Coupling scales for modelling heavy metal vaporization from municipal solid waste incineration in a fluid bed by CFD[J].Waste Management,2015,43:176-187.
[3] DENG N,LI D,ZHANG Q,et al.Simulation analysis of municipal solid waste pyrolysis and gasification based on Aspen plus[J].Frontiers in Energy,2019,13(1):64-70.
[4] 陈涛,韩乃卿,邵哲如,等.国产化垃圾焚烧炉排炉膛选型CFD优化研究[J].资源节约与环保,2014(1):48-50.
[5] WANG J,XUE Y,ZHANG X,et al.Numerical study of radiation effect on the municipal solid waste combustion characteristics inside an incinerator[J].Waste Management,2015,44:116-124.
[6] LIANG Z,MA X.Mathematical modeling of MSW combustion and SNCR in a full-scale municipal incinerator and effects of grate speed and oxygen-enriched atmospheres on operating conditions[J].Waste Management,2010,30(12):2520-2529.
[7] 马晓茜,卢苇,张笑冰,等.垃圾焚烧炉热力模型研究[J].化学工程,2000(4):36-40.
[8] 谷天宝.垃圾焚烧炉床层数值模拟软件开发与计算分析[D].天津:天津大学,2018.
[9] 王乾.生活垃圾焚烧烟气脱硝模拟及在运行优化中的应用[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2017.
[10] 马括,邬思柯,王小聪,等.生物质颗粒燃料层燃燃烧的FLIC数值模拟与分析[J].可再生能源,2015,33(5):766-770.
[11] 张艳,解海卫.炉排型垃圾焚烧炉燃烧过程的数值模拟[J].热科学与技术,2015,14(6):512-516.
[12] 赖志燚,马晓茜,余昭胜.前、后拱和二次风对垃圾焚烧炉燃烧影响研究[J].锅炉技术,2011,42(4):70-74.
[13] 李坚,夏梓洪,吴亭亭,等.二次风喷嘴角度对炉排式垃圾焚烧炉内燃烧及选择性非催化还原脱硝的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(10):5907-5913.
[14] 高毅,姚凯,张海丹,等.1 000 MW超超临界锅炉折焰角斜坡积灰与塌灰计算分析[J].洁净煤技术,2019,25(2):114-119.
[15] 刘瑞媚,刘玉坤,王智化,等.垃圾焚烧炉排炉二次风配风的CFD优化模拟[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2017,51(3):507.
[16] GB 18485—2001,生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
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