大口径射电望远镜台址电磁干扰预测方法
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摘要
新疆奇台拟建的110 m全向可动射电望远镜(Qi Tai Radio Telescope, QTT)具有极高的信号捕捉能力,任何微弱的信号都会影响其高效运行,为了缓解QTT台址无线电宁静区的电磁干扰,本文提出了一种电磁干扰预测方法.首先,基于QTT台址无线电宁静区地形数据和地形特征,分析了现有电波传播模型的适用性,选取LongleyRice模型和Two-Ray模型作为QTT的电波传播模型算法,通过电波传播仿真分析,得到潜在干扰点到达射电望远镜馈源口面的路径损耗;其次,结合QTT馈源口面干扰电平阈值和天线旁瓣增益,计算得到潜在干扰点所在位置的干扰电平阈值;最后,运用该方法分析了QTT限制区内村庄典型电子设备和35 kV高压输电线路对QTT的影响.
The ongoing Qi Tai Radio Telescope(QTT) which is a steerable 110-m aperture radio telescope has a very high sensitivity of signal detection, thus any weak noise will affect its efficient operation. We proposed a prediction method to lower the electromagnetic interference in the radio quiet zone of QTT site. Firstly, based on the topographic data and topographic features of radio quiet zone of the QTT site, we analyzed the applicability of the existing radio wave propagation model and chosen Longley-Rice and Two-Ray model as the algorithm of the radio wave propagation model of the QTT. By the simulation analysis of radio wave propagation, we got the path loss of the potential interference point when they reached the QTT feed aperture. Secondly, the interference level limits at the position of potential interference point were calculated by combining the QTT feed aperture interference level limits and antenna side lobe gains, and its influence on the radio telescope was predicted and analyzed by combining with the field environment. Finally, the typical village electronic equipment and 35 kV power supply engineering in the QTT restricted area were analyzed by using this method, and the solutions were also proposed correspondingly.
The ongoing Qi Tai Radio Telescope(QTT) which is a steerable 110-m aperture radio telescope has a very high sensitivity of signal detection, thus any weak noise will affect its efficient operation. We proposed a prediction method to lower the electromagnetic interference in the radio quiet zone of QTT site. Firstly, based on the topographic data and topographic features of radio quiet zone of the QTT site, we analyzed the applicability of the existing radio wave propagation model and chosen Longley-Rice and Two-Ray model as the algorithm of the radio wave propagation model of the QTT. By the simulation analysis of radio wave propagation, we got the path loss of the potential interference point when they reached the QTT feed aperture. Secondly, the interference level limits at the position of potential interference point were calculated by combining the QTT feed aperture interference level limits and antenna side lobe gains, and its influence on the radio telescope was predicted and analyzed by combining with the field environment. Finally, the typical village electronic equipment and 35 kV power supply engineering in the QTT restricted area were analyzed by using this method, and the solutions were also proposed correspondingly.
引文
1 Li J B,Peng B,Sun J M,et al.Measurement method and analysis of electromagnetic environment in radio astronomic observatories(in Chinese).Chin J Radio Sci,2009,24:523-528[李建斌,彭勃,孙建民,等.射电天文站电磁环境测量方法及分析.电波科学学报,2009,24:523-528]
2 Liu Q,Chen M Z,Li Y,et al.An evaluation for electromagnetic radiation of electronic devices of telescope(in Chinese).Astron Res Tech,2015,12:292-298[刘奇,陈卯蒸,李颖,等.射电天文台站电子设备电磁辐射评估.天文研究与技术,2015,12:292-298]
3 Qiu Y,Xu Q L,Tian J,et al.On the interference characteristics of fully steerable radio telescope(in Chinese).Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron,2017,47:059511[邱扬,许清琳,田锦,等.全可动射电天文望远镜的电磁干扰特征研究.中国科学:物理学力学天文学,2017,47:059511]
4 Huang S J,Zhang H Y,Gan H Q,et al.A study of evaluation on radio interference of FAST visitor’s electronic devices(in Chinese).Astron Res Tech,2017,2:268-274[黄仕杰,张海燕,甘恒谦,等.FAST访客电子设备电磁干扰分析.天文研究与技术,2017,2:268-274]
5 International Telecommunication Union.Recommendation ITU-R RA.769-2.Protection criteria used for radio astronomical measurement.International Standard.2003
6 Zhan D Z,Jin C J,Wu Z Z.Radio frequency interference to a radio telescope from a high-voltage power line(in Chinese).Astron Res Tech,2013,10:91-98[詹德志,金乘进,吴忠祖.高压输电线对射电望远镜的电磁干扰.天文研究与技术,2013,10:91-98]
7 Wang N.Xinjiang Qitai 110 m radio telescope(in Chinese).Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron,2014,44:783-794[王娜.新疆奇台110米射电望远镜.中国科学:物理学力学天文学,2014,44:783-794]
8 Zhang W B,Cao Y Q.Study and simulation analysis of radio propagation model in electromagnetic environment simulation(in Chinese).Chin JRadio Sci,2012,27:538-542[张文波,曹耀钦.电磁环境仿真中电波传播模型研究及仿真分析.电波科学学报,2012,27:538-542]
9 Egli J.Radio propagation above 40 MC over irregular terrain.Proc IRE,1957,45:1383-1391
10 Lee W C Y.Lee’s model.In:Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Society 42nd Conference.Denver:IEEE,1992
11 Larry F,Nathan I.Path Loss Prediction over the Lunar Surface Utilizing a Modified Longley-Rice Irregular Terrain Model.Technical Report.Colorado Springs:NASA,2007
12 Yang D C.Wireless propagation environment(in Chinese).Beijing:China Machine Press,2003.80-94[杨大成.移动传播环境.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.80-94]
13 International Telecommunication Union.Recommendation ITU-R P.368-9.Ground-wave propagation curves for frequencies between 10 k Hz and30 MHz.International Standard.2007
14 International Telecommunication Union.Recommendation ITU-R P.1546-5.Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 3000 MHz.International Standard.2013
15 Xia H,Bertoni H L,Maciel L R,et al.Radio propagation characteristics for line-of-sight microcellular and personal communications.IEEE Trans Antennas Propagat,1993,41:1439-1447
16 Chen J,Bao L H,Li L.DEM data format conversion based on Global Mapper(in Chinese).Geomatics Tech Equip,2012,14:41-43[陈静,包龙海,李琳.基于Global Mapper的DEM数据格式转换.测绘技术装备,2012,14:41-43]
17 CoudéR,Henderson B J.Radio propagation and radio coverage computer simulation program.Comput Geosci,2013,28:456-461
18 Wu J,Mao Y M.Exploring MANET radio propagation model(in Chinese).In:Proceedings of the 5th Annual Conference of China Communications Association.Nanjing,2008[吴价,毛玉明.无线自组织网传播模型探讨.见:中国通信学会第五届学术年会.南京,2008]
19 Liu Q,Liu Y,Wang N,et al.Quantified interference level limits for QTT key areas.In:Proceedings of 2016 Radio Frequency Interference.Socorro:IEEE,2017
20 Liu Q,Wang K,Wang Y,et al.Measurements of radiation characteristics of a set of electronic backend devices for radio astronomy(in Chinese).Astron Res Tech,2014,11:218-223[刘奇,王凯,王洋,等.射电天文终端电子设备辐射特性测试.天文研究与技术,2014,11:218-223]
1)地理空间数据云:http://www.gscloud.cn/;
2)Radio Mobile:http://www.cplus.org/rmw/english1.html.
2 Liu Q,Chen M Z,Li Y,et al.An evaluation for electromagnetic radiation of electronic devices of telescope(in Chinese).Astron Res Tech,2015,12:292-298[刘奇,陈卯蒸,李颖,等.射电天文台站电子设备电磁辐射评估.天文研究与技术,2015,12:292-298]
3 Qiu Y,Xu Q L,Tian J,et al.On the interference characteristics of fully steerable radio telescope(in Chinese).Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron,2017,47:059511[邱扬,许清琳,田锦,等.全可动射电天文望远镜的电磁干扰特征研究.中国科学:物理学力学天文学,2017,47:059511]
4 Huang S J,Zhang H Y,Gan H Q,et al.A study of evaluation on radio interference of FAST visitor’s electronic devices(in Chinese).Astron Res Tech,2017,2:268-274[黄仕杰,张海燕,甘恒谦,等.FAST访客电子设备电磁干扰分析.天文研究与技术,2017,2:268-274]
5 International Telecommunication Union.Recommendation ITU-R RA.769-2.Protection criteria used for radio astronomical measurement.International Standard.2003
6 Zhan D Z,Jin C J,Wu Z Z.Radio frequency interference to a radio telescope from a high-voltage power line(in Chinese).Astron Res Tech,2013,10:91-98[詹德志,金乘进,吴忠祖.高压输电线对射电望远镜的电磁干扰.天文研究与技术,2013,10:91-98]
7 Wang N.Xinjiang Qitai 110 m radio telescope(in Chinese).Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron,2014,44:783-794[王娜.新疆奇台110米射电望远镜.中国科学:物理学力学天文学,2014,44:783-794]
8 Zhang W B,Cao Y Q.Study and simulation analysis of radio propagation model in electromagnetic environment simulation(in Chinese).Chin JRadio Sci,2012,27:538-542[张文波,曹耀钦.电磁环境仿真中电波传播模型研究及仿真分析.电波科学学报,2012,27:538-542]
9 Egli J.Radio propagation above 40 MC over irregular terrain.Proc IRE,1957,45:1383-1391
10 Lee W C Y.Lee’s model.In:Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Society 42nd Conference.Denver:IEEE,1992
11 Larry F,Nathan I.Path Loss Prediction over the Lunar Surface Utilizing a Modified Longley-Rice Irregular Terrain Model.Technical Report.Colorado Springs:NASA,2007
12 Yang D C.Wireless propagation environment(in Chinese).Beijing:China Machine Press,2003.80-94[杨大成.移动传播环境.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.80-94]
13 International Telecommunication Union.Recommendation ITU-R P.368-9.Ground-wave propagation curves for frequencies between 10 k Hz and30 MHz.International Standard.2007
14 International Telecommunication Union.Recommendation ITU-R P.1546-5.Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 3000 MHz.International Standard.2013
15 Xia H,Bertoni H L,Maciel L R,et al.Radio propagation characteristics for line-of-sight microcellular and personal communications.IEEE Trans Antennas Propagat,1993,41:1439-1447
16 Chen J,Bao L H,Li L.DEM data format conversion based on Global Mapper(in Chinese).Geomatics Tech Equip,2012,14:41-43[陈静,包龙海,李琳.基于Global Mapper的DEM数据格式转换.测绘技术装备,2012,14:41-43]
17 CoudéR,Henderson B J.Radio propagation and radio coverage computer simulation program.Comput Geosci,2013,28:456-461
18 Wu J,Mao Y M.Exploring MANET radio propagation model(in Chinese).In:Proceedings of the 5th Annual Conference of China Communications Association.Nanjing,2008[吴价,毛玉明.无线自组织网传播模型探讨.见:中国通信学会第五届学术年会.南京,2008]
19 Liu Q,Liu Y,Wang N,et al.Quantified interference level limits for QTT key areas.In:Proceedings of 2016 Radio Frequency Interference.Socorro:IEEE,2017
20 Liu Q,Wang K,Wang Y,et al.Measurements of radiation characteristics of a set of electronic backend devices for radio astronomy(in Chinese).Astron Res Tech,2014,11:218-223[刘奇,王凯,王洋,等.射电天文终端电子设备辐射特性测试.天文研究与技术,2014,11:218-223]
1)地理空间数据云:http://www.gscloud.cn/;
2)Radio Mobile:http://www.cplus.org/rmw/english1.html.
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