3种丝孢虫生真菌对西花蓟马成虫的毒力测定
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摘要
【目的】测定3种丝孢类虫生真菌对西花蓟马[Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)]成虫的毒力,为筛选出对西花蓟马成虫高毒力的虫生真菌及生物防治提供依据。【方法】采用浸渍法在室内测定3种丝孢虫生真菌(球孢白僵菌、黄绿绿僵菌和玫烟色棒束孢)共14株菌株对西花蓟马成虫的侵染致死率;从3种丝孢虫生真菌中选取对西花蓟马成虫相对致病力较好的高毒力菌株各1株,测定其在不同浓度(浓度梯度分别为1.0×104、1.0×105、1.0×106、1.0×107和1.0×108孢子/mL)下对西花蓟马成虫的毒力。【结果】用1.0×107孢子/mL的球孢白僵菌菌株(WSWM81832、WSWL21831、WSWM1018315、WSWH21833和WSWL21836)、黄绿绿僵菌菌株(HLT17103、NGS21751、YKZ51712和WSWL51721)和玫烟色棒束孢菌株(WSWH31836、WSWL51831、WTS101822、NGS118310和WSWL21837)接种西花蓟马成虫10 d后,西花蓟马成虫的累积校正死亡率分别为68.45%～75.60%、67.35%～82.65%和61.45%～70.67%。球孢白僵菌WSWL21836、黄绿绿僵菌WSWL51721和玫烟色棒束孢WSWL21837菌株以1.0×104～1.0×108孢子/mL的孢子悬浮液接种西花蓟马成虫后,第10 d时西花蓟马成虫的累积校正死亡率分别为56.67%～82.33%、56.67%～89.67%和48.33%～76.67%;各菌株的毒力回归方程分别为Y=3.2543+0.3332X(r=0.9167)、Y=3.5878+0.2874X(r=0.9656)和Y=3.8188+0.2082X(r=0.9925),致死中浓度(LC50)分别为2.63×104、4.17×104和7.85×105孢子/mL,在1.0×108孢子/mL浓度下对西花蓟马成虫侵染致病的致死中时间(LT50)分别为5.67、4.91和6.12 d。【结论】黄绿绿僵菌菌株WSWL51721和球孢白僵菌菌株WSWL21836对西花蓟马成虫具有较强的毒力,可作为西花蓟马生防制剂开发的潜力菌株。
【Objective】The virulence of three hyphomycetes entomopathogenic fungi against the adult western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)was studied to provide basic information for the selecting of high virulent entomopathogenic fungi and biological control for the adult F. occidentalis.【Method】Immersion method was used to test the virulence of three entomopathogenic fung(iBeauveria bassiana,Metarhizium flavoviride and Isaria fumosorosea)against the F. occidentalis adults under laboratory condition,and based on the fourteen isolates tested,three high infective and lethal rates strains(B. bassiana WSWL21836,M. flavoviride WSWL51721,I. fumosorosea WSWL21837)were selected against the F. occidentalis adults at different concentrations(1.0×104,1.0×105,1.0×106,1.0×107 and 1.0×108 spore/mL).【Result】After 10 d of F. occidentalis adults were inoculated with 1.0×107 spore/mL of B. bassiana strains(WSWM81832,WSWL21831,WSWM1018315,WSWH21833 and WSWL21836),M. flavoviride strains(HLT17103,NGS21751,YKZ51712 and WSWL51721)and I. fumosorosea strains(WSWH31836,WSWL51831,WTS101822,NGS118310 and WSWL21837),the cumulative corrected mortality rates of F. occidentalis adults were 68.45%-75.60%,67.35%-82.65%,and 61.45%-70.67%,respectively. The virulence of B. bassiana WSWL21836,M. flavoviride WSWL51721 and I. fumosorosea WSWL21837 to F. occidentalis adults were inoculated with spore suspension at the concentration of 1.0×104 to 1.0×108 spores/mL. On the 10 thday,the cumulative corrected mortality rates of F. occidentalis adults were 56.67%-82.33%,56.67%-89.67% and 48.33%-76.67%,respectively. The virulence regression equations of each strain were Y=3.2543 +0.3332 X(r=0.9167),Y=3.5878+0.2874 X(r=0.9656)and Y=3.8188+0.2082 X(r=0.9925),respectively,and the median lethal concentrations(LC50)were 2.63×104,4.17×04 and 7.85×105 spores/mL,the median lethal time(LT50)of infected F. occidentalis adults were 5.67,4.91 and 6.12 d with the concentration of 1.0×108 spores/mL,respectively.【Conclusion】The strains M. flavoviride WSWL51721 and B. bassiana WSWL21836 have strong virulence to F. occidentalis adults,and can be used as a biological control agent in an integrated pest management program.
【Objective】The virulence of three hyphomycetes entomopathogenic fungi against the adult western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)was studied to provide basic information for the selecting of high virulent entomopathogenic fungi and biological control for the adult F. occidentalis.【Method】Immersion method was used to test the virulence of three entomopathogenic fung(iBeauveria bassiana,Metarhizium flavoviride and Isaria fumosorosea)against the F. occidentalis adults under laboratory condition,and based on the fourteen isolates tested,three high infective and lethal rates strains(B. bassiana WSWL21836,M. flavoviride WSWL51721,I. fumosorosea WSWL21837)were selected against the F. occidentalis adults at different concentrations(1.0×104,1.0×105,1.0×106,1.0×107 and 1.0×108 spore/mL).【Result】After 10 d of F. occidentalis adults were inoculated with 1.0×107 spore/mL of B. bassiana strains(WSWM81832,WSWL21831,WSWM1018315,WSWH21833 and WSWL21836),M. flavoviride strains(HLT17103,NGS21751,YKZ51712 and WSWL51721)and I. fumosorosea strains(WSWH31836,WSWL51831,WTS101822,NGS118310 and WSWL21837),the cumulative corrected mortality rates of F. occidentalis adults were 68.45%-75.60%,67.35%-82.65%,and 61.45%-70.67%,respectively. The virulence of B. bassiana WSWL21836,M. flavoviride WSWL51721 and I. fumosorosea WSWL21837 to F. occidentalis adults were inoculated with spore suspension at the concentration of 1.0×104 to 1.0×108 spores/mL. On the 10 thday,the cumulative corrected mortality rates of F. occidentalis adults were 56.67%-82.33%,56.67%-89.67% and 48.33%-76.67%,respectively. The virulence regression equations of each strain were Y=3.2543 +0.3332 X(r=0.9167),Y=3.5878+0.2874 X(r=0.9656)and Y=3.8188+0.2082 X(r=0.9925),respectively,and the median lethal concentrations(LC50)were 2.63×104,4.17×04 and 7.85×105 spores/mL,the median lethal time(LT50)of infected F. occidentalis adults were 5.67,4.91 and 6.12 d with the concentration of 1.0×108 spores/mL,respectively.【Conclusion】The strains M. flavoviride WSWL51721 and B. bassiana WSWL21836 have strong virulence to F. occidentalis adults,and can be used as a biological control agent in an integrated pest management program.
引文
陈斌,张琦,桂富荣,何永红,刘云龙,李正跃,肖关丽.2012.球孢白僵菌不同分离株对西花蓟马的毒力测定[J].生物安全学报,21(1):14-19.[Chen B,Zhang Q,Gui F R,He Y H,Liu Y L,Li Z Y,Xiao G L.2012.Virulence of isolates of the insect pathogen Beauveria bassiana against the Western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentals[J].Journal of Biosafety,21(1):14-19.]
葛文超,杜广祖,赵永鑫,张凌英,户艳霞,孙军伟,陈斌.2018.西花蓟马高毒力虫生真菌筛选及其生防应用潜力的研究进展[J].生物安全学报,27(4):240-248.[Ge WC,Du G Z,Zhao Y X,Zhang L Y,Hu Y X,Sun J W,Chen B.2018.Searching for highly virulent entomopathogenic fungi of the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)and their potential applications in biocontrol[J].Journal of Biosafety,27(4):240-248.]
李娟,吴圣勇,王晓青,王帅宇,雷仲仁.2015.防治西花蓟马的球孢白僵菌菌株筛选及耐热性测定[J].中国生物防治学报,31(6):845-852.[Li J,Wu S Y,Wang X Q,Wang S Y,Lei Z R.2015.Screening of Beauveria bassiana strains against frankliniella occidentalis and their conidial thermotolerance[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,31(6):845-852.]
李银平,雷仲仁,王海鸿.2013.对西花蓟马高效的球孢白僵菌菌株筛选及产孢特性研究[J].中国生物防治学报,29(2):219-226.[Li Y P,Lei Z R,Wang H H.2013.Selection of Beauveria bassiana strains against Frankliniella occidentalis and their conidial production characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,29(2):219-226.]
李增智.2015.我国利用真菌防治害虫的历史、进展及现状[J].中国生物防治学报,31(5):699-711.[Li Z Z.2015.History,progress and current status of the application of fungi against pest insects in China[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,31(5):699-711.]
唐启义,冯明光.2002.实用统计分析及其DPS数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社.[Tang Q Y,Feng M G.2002.DPS data processing system for practical statistics[M].Beijing:Science Press.]
吴青君,张友军,徐宝云,朱国仁.2005.入侵害虫西花蓟马的生物学、危害及防治技术[J].昆虫知识,42(1):11-14.[Wu Q J,Zhang Y J,Xu B Y,Zhu G R.2005.The biological character,damage and management of an invasive insect pest,Frankliniella occidentalis[J].Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,42(1):11-14.]
袁盛勇,孔琼,张宏瑞,王平,孙士卿,李正跃,肖春.2011.球孢白僵菌对西花蓟马成虫和若虫的毒力研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),33(6):54-57.[Yuan S Y,Kong Q,Zhang H R,Wang P,Sun S Q,Li Z Y,Xiao C.2011.Study on the virulence of Beauveryia bassiana against adult and nymph of Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)[J].Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),33(6):54-57.]
Ansari M A,Brownbridge M,Shah F A,Butt T M.2008.Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against soil-dwelling life stages of western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis,in plant-growing media[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,127(2):80-87.
Bielza P,Quinto V,Contreras J,TornéM,Martín A,Espinosa P J.2007.Resistance to spinosad in the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande),in greenhouses of south-eastern Spain[J].Pest Management Science,63(7):682-687.
Cloyd R A.2016.Western flower Thrips(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)and insecticide resistance:An overview and strategies to mitigate insecticide resistance development[J].Journal of Entomological Science,51(4):257-273.
Espinosa P J,Bielza P,Contreras J,Lacasa A.2002.Insecticide resistance in field populations of Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)in Murcia(south-east Spain)[J].Pest Management Science,58(9):967-971.
Gao Y L,Lei Z R,Reitz S R.2012.Western flower thrips resistance to insecticides:Detection,mechanisms and management strategies[J].Pest Management Science,68(8):1111-1121.
Li D G,Shang X Y,Reitz S R,Nauen R,Lei Z R,Lee S H,Gao Y L.2016.Field resistance to spinosad in western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,15(12):2803-2808.
Vestergaard S,Gillespie A T,Butt T M,Schreiter G,Eilenberg J.1995.Pathogenicity of the hyphomycete fungi Verticillium lecanii and Metarhizium anisopliae to the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis[J].Biocontrol Science and Technology,5(2):185-192.
Wang C,Feng M.2014.Advances in fundamental and applied studies in China of fungal biocontrol agents for use against arthropod pests[J].Biological Control,68:129-135.
Wang Z H,Gong Y J,Jin G H,Li B Y,Chen J C,Kang Z J,Zhu L,Gao,Y L,Reitz S R,Wei S J.2016.Field-evolved resistance to insecticides in the invasive western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)in China[J].Pest Management Science,72(7):1440-1444.
Wraight S P,Jackson M A,Kock De S L.2001.Production,stabilization and formulation of fungal biological agents[M]//Butt T M,Jackson C,Magan N.Fungi as biocontrol agents.Wallingford:CABI Publishing:253-287.
Wraight S P,Ugine T A,Ramos M E,Sanderson J P.2016.Efficacy of spray applications of entomopathogenic fungi against western flower thrips infesting greenhouse impatients under variable moisture conditions[J].Biological Control,97:31-47.
Wu S Y,Gao Y L,Smagghe G,Xu X N,Lei Z R.2016.Interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and the predatory mite Neoseiulus barkeri and biological control of their shared prey/host Frankliniella occidentalis[J].Biological Control,98:43-51.
Wu S Y,Gao Y L,Xu X N,Goettel M S,Lei Z R.2015.Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana with Neoseiulus barkeri for control of Frankliniella occidentalis[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,14(1):98-105.
Wu S Y,Tang L D,Zhang X R,Xing Z L,Lei Z R,Gao Y L.2018.A decade of a thrips invasion in China:Lessons learned[J].Ecotoxicology,27(7):1032-1038.
葛文超,杜广祖,赵永鑫,张凌英,户艳霞,孙军伟,陈斌.2018.西花蓟马高毒力虫生真菌筛选及其生防应用潜力的研究进展[J].生物安全学报,27(4):240-248.[Ge WC,Du G Z,Zhao Y X,Zhang L Y,Hu Y X,Sun J W,Chen B.2018.Searching for highly virulent entomopathogenic fungi of the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)and their potential applications in biocontrol[J].Journal of Biosafety,27(4):240-248.]
李娟,吴圣勇,王晓青,王帅宇,雷仲仁.2015.防治西花蓟马的球孢白僵菌菌株筛选及耐热性测定[J].中国生物防治学报,31(6):845-852.[Li J,Wu S Y,Wang X Q,Wang S Y,Lei Z R.2015.Screening of Beauveria bassiana strains against frankliniella occidentalis and their conidial thermotolerance[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,31(6):845-852.]
李银平,雷仲仁,王海鸿.2013.对西花蓟马高效的球孢白僵菌菌株筛选及产孢特性研究[J].中国生物防治学报,29(2):219-226.[Li Y P,Lei Z R,Wang H H.2013.Selection of Beauveria bassiana strains against Frankliniella occidentalis and their conidial production characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,29(2):219-226.]
李增智.2015.我国利用真菌防治害虫的历史、进展及现状[J].中国生物防治学报,31(5):699-711.[Li Z Z.2015.History,progress and current status of the application of fungi against pest insects in China[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,31(5):699-711.]
唐启义,冯明光.2002.实用统计分析及其DPS数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社.[Tang Q Y,Feng M G.2002.DPS data processing system for practical statistics[M].Beijing:Science Press.]
吴青君,张友军,徐宝云,朱国仁.2005.入侵害虫西花蓟马的生物学、危害及防治技术[J].昆虫知识,42(1):11-14.[Wu Q J,Zhang Y J,Xu B Y,Zhu G R.2005.The biological character,damage and management of an invasive insect pest,Frankliniella occidentalis[J].Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,42(1):11-14.]
袁盛勇,孔琼,张宏瑞,王平,孙士卿,李正跃,肖春.2011.球孢白僵菌对西花蓟马成虫和若虫的毒力研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),33(6):54-57.[Yuan S Y,Kong Q,Zhang H R,Wang P,Sun S Q,Li Z Y,Xiao C.2011.Study on the virulence of Beauveryia bassiana against adult and nymph of Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)[J].Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),33(6):54-57.]
Ansari M A,Brownbridge M,Shah F A,Butt T M.2008.Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against soil-dwelling life stages of western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis,in plant-growing media[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,127(2):80-87.
Bielza P,Quinto V,Contreras J,TornéM,Martín A,Espinosa P J.2007.Resistance to spinosad in the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande),in greenhouses of south-eastern Spain[J].Pest Management Science,63(7):682-687.
Cloyd R A.2016.Western flower Thrips(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)and insecticide resistance:An overview and strategies to mitigate insecticide resistance development[J].Journal of Entomological Science,51(4):257-273.
Espinosa P J,Bielza P,Contreras J,Lacasa A.2002.Insecticide resistance in field populations of Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)in Murcia(south-east Spain)[J].Pest Management Science,58(9):967-971.
Gao Y L,Lei Z R,Reitz S R.2012.Western flower thrips resistance to insecticides:Detection,mechanisms and management strategies[J].Pest Management Science,68(8):1111-1121.
Li D G,Shang X Y,Reitz S R,Nauen R,Lei Z R,Lee S H,Gao Y L.2016.Field resistance to spinosad in western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,15(12):2803-2808.
Vestergaard S,Gillespie A T,Butt T M,Schreiter G,Eilenberg J.1995.Pathogenicity of the hyphomycete fungi Verticillium lecanii and Metarhizium anisopliae to the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis[J].Biocontrol Science and Technology,5(2):185-192.
Wang C,Feng M.2014.Advances in fundamental and applied studies in China of fungal biocontrol agents for use against arthropod pests[J].Biological Control,68:129-135.
Wang Z H,Gong Y J,Jin G H,Li B Y,Chen J C,Kang Z J,Zhu L,Gao,Y L,Reitz S R,Wei S J.2016.Field-evolved resistance to insecticides in the invasive western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)in China[J].Pest Management Science,72(7):1440-1444.
Wraight S P,Jackson M A,Kock De S L.2001.Production,stabilization and formulation of fungal biological agents[M]//Butt T M,Jackson C,Magan N.Fungi as biocontrol agents.Wallingford:CABI Publishing:253-287.
Wraight S P,Ugine T A,Ramos M E,Sanderson J P.2016.Efficacy of spray applications of entomopathogenic fungi against western flower thrips infesting greenhouse impatients under variable moisture conditions[J].Biological Control,97:31-47.
Wu S Y,Gao Y L,Smagghe G,Xu X N,Lei Z R.2016.Interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and the predatory mite Neoseiulus barkeri and biological control of their shared prey/host Frankliniella occidentalis[J].Biological Control,98:43-51.
Wu S Y,Gao Y L,Xu X N,Goettel M S,Lei Z R.2015.Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana with Neoseiulus barkeri for control of Frankliniella occidentalis[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,14(1):98-105.
Wu S Y,Tang L D,Zhang X R,Xing Z L,Lei Z R,Gao Y L.2018.A decade of a thrips invasion in China:Lessons learned[J].Ecotoxicology,27(7):1032-1038.
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