某南方城市城郊区域大气颗粒物中总铝、铝形态及其对成人健康风险评估
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摘要
2017年3月—2018年2月期间,对某南方城市的城郊区域大气中PM2.5和PM10进行同步采样,研究PM2.5和PM10中总铝和4种形态铝的分布特征并对其健康风险进行评估。结果表明:PM2.5、PM10中总铝的季节分布与PM2.5、PM10质量浓度的季节分布相似,冬>春>秋>夏; PM2.5中Al的分布表明颗粒铝来源不限于土壤扬尘贡献; PM2.5及PM10中4种形态铝占提取铝的比值呈w(Al(OH)03)>w(Al3+)>w(Al-HA)(腐殖酸铝)>w(羟基态铝)的规律; PM2.5、PM10中Al3+和羟基态铝2种致毒形态铝占提取铝的比值分别为21%、28%,比值差异不大;致毒形态铝在细颗粒和粗颗粒中的富集程度相当;成人PM2.5中铝日均暴露质量浓度为212 ng·m-3,铝慢性非致癌健康风险系数为0.042 4,颗粒铝经呼吸进入成人体内的健康风险尚小。
During the period from March 2017 to February 2018,PM2.5 and PM10 in a certain area of the southern city were simultaneously sampled,and the distribution characteristics of total aluminum and four forms of aluminum in PM2.5 and PM10 was researched. Additionally,the health risk of total aluminum was evaluated.The results showed that the seasonal distribution of total aluminum in PM2.5 and PM10 was similar to the seasonal distribution of PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentration: winter>spring>autumn>summer. The source of aluminum was not limited to soil dust contribution showed by Al in PM2.5.The orders of four forms of aluminum in PM2.5 and PM10 were w( Al( OH)03) >w( Al3+) >w( Al-HA)( Aluminum humate) >w( hydroxyl aluminum).In the PM2.5 and PM10,Al3+and hydroxy aluminum in the form of two poisonous aluminum accounted for 21% and 28%,respectively,and the difference in specific gravity was not significant.The degree of enrichment of the poisonous form of aluminum in fine and coarse particles was equivalent.The adult daily average exposure of aluminum in PM2.5 is 212 ng·m-3,and thehealth risk of aluminum non-carcinogenic is 0.042 4,similar to the results reported in other areas in the literature.The health risk of particlealuminum breathed into the adult body was not conspicuous.
During the period from March 2017 to February 2018,PM2.5 and PM10 in a certain area of the southern city were simultaneously sampled,and the distribution characteristics of total aluminum and four forms of aluminum in PM2.5 and PM10 was researched. Additionally,the health risk of total aluminum was evaluated.The results showed that the seasonal distribution of total aluminum in PM2.5 and PM10 was similar to the seasonal distribution of PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentration: winter>spring>autumn>summer. The source of aluminum was not limited to soil dust contribution showed by Al in PM2.5.The orders of four forms of aluminum in PM2.5 and PM10 were w( Al( OH)03) >w( Al3+) >w( Al-HA)( Aluminum humate) >w( hydroxyl aluminum).In the PM2.5 and PM10,Al3+and hydroxy aluminum in the form of two poisonous aluminum accounted for 21% and 28%,respectively,and the difference in specific gravity was not significant.The degree of enrichment of the poisonous form of aluminum in fine and coarse particles was equivalent.The adult daily average exposure of aluminum in PM2.5 is 212 ng·m-3,and thehealth risk of aluminum non-carcinogenic is 0.042 4,similar to the results reported in other areas in the literature.The health risk of particlealuminum breathed into the adult body was not conspicuous.
引文
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[6]武志富,何涌.铝的毒性研究进展[J].微量元素与健康研究,2018,35(5):62-64.
[7]王安琪,黄可慧,刘阔阅,等.北京市部分高校食堂面制食品铝污染及学生铝食用安全KAP调查[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(1):27-29.
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[9]席春秀,邵龙义,吴凡,等.北京西北城区一次重污染过程中PM10的氧化损伤能力研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2018,37(3):492-496.
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[11]方宏达,陈锦芳,段金明,等.厦门市郊区PM2. 5和PM10中重金属的形态特征及生物可利用性研究[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(11):1872-1877.
[12]张鑫,赵小曼,孟雪洁,等.北京、新乡夏季大气颗粒物中重金属的粒径分布及人体健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):997-1003.
[13]迟婉秋.哈尔滨大气细颗粒物重金属污染特征与健康暴露风险评价[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.
[14]刘小婷.长沙市大气颗粒物中重金属的源解析及健康风险评价[D].长沙:湖南大学,2015.
[15]庞叔薇,康德梦,王玉保,等.化学浸提法研究土壤中活性铝的溶出及形态分布[J].环境化学,1986(3):68-76.
[16]薛树娟.南昌大学前湖校区室内外PM2.5和PM10及碳组分的分布与源解析[D].南昌:南昌大学,2012.
[17]王亚虹,杨佳美,戴启立,等.西安城郊PM10和PM2.5化学组分特征研究:以户县草堂寺为例[J].环境污染与防治,2017,39(5):540-548.
[18]何志明,王荀,张浩玲,等.深圳市龙岗区PM2.5颗粒物来源探析[J].应用预防医学,2017,23(5):363-366.
[19]刘咸德,李玉武,董树屏,等.北京市大气颗粒物化学元素组成的聚类分析[J].质谱学报,2010,31(3):156-164,191.
[20]梅如波,隋本会.泰山景区冬季和春季PM2.5的化学组分特征研究[J].环境污染与防治,2018,40(1):84-87,111.
[21]罗飞,陈爱玲,李芳芳,等.酸雨区不同林龄杉木人工林土壤活性铝含量季节动态[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2014,43(5):470-477.
[22]孙建,乐美旺,饶月亮,等.芽期Al3+胁迫对芝麻幼苗生长的影响及种质资源耐铝毒性评价[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(5):602-609.
[23] DELHAIZE D.Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants[J].Plant physiology,1995,107(2):315-321.
[24] MATSUMOTO H.Cell biology of aluminum toxicity and tolerance in higher plants[J].Int Rev Cytol,2000,200:1-46.
[25]崔雪梅,郭海如,李春生,等.基于主成分分析的油菜幼苗铝毒机制研究[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(5):52-55.
[26]黄虹,贺冰洁,熊震宇,等.南昌市PM2.5中铵盐及其气态前体物的分布特征与转化机制[J].地球环境学报,2018,9(4):334-347.
[27] CHU M J,SUN C Q,CHEN W H,et al.Personal exposure to PM2.5,genetic variants and DNA damage:a multi-center population-based study in Chinese[J]. Toxicology letters,2015,235(3):172-178.
[28]张莹,王式功,贾旭伟,等.气温与PM2.5协同作用对疾病急诊就诊人数的影响[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(8):3175-3182.
[29]吴兑,刘啟汉,梁延刚,等.粤港细粒子(PM2.5)污染导致能见度下降与灰霾天气形成的研究[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(11):2660-2669.
[30]吴代赦,段桐丹,李亚静,等.某燃煤电厂周边区域空气中亚微米颗粒物的粒径分布特征[J].南昌大学学报(工科版),2018,40(1):1-7,12.
[31] ABRAHAMS P W. Soils:their implications to human health[J].Science of the total environment,2002,291(1/2/3):1-32.
[32]王宗爽,武婷,段小丽,等.环境健康风险评价中我国居民呼吸速率暴露参数研究[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(10):1171-1175.
[33]段跟定,吴奇,王晓昌.自来水中残余铝的健康危害风险评价方法[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2007(5):74-76.
[34]孙庆华,杜宗豪,杜艳君,等.环境健康风险评估方法(第五讲):风险特征(续四)[J].环境与健康,2015,32(7):640-642.
[35]杜艳君,莫杨,李湉湉.环境健康风险评估方法(第四讲):暴露评估(续三)[J].环境与健康,2015,32(6):556-559.
[36]杜艳君,张翼,刘睿聪,等.成都市PM2.5中金属元素吸入暴露的慢性健康风险评估[J].环境与健康,2016,33(12):1061-1064.
[2]聂兴山.孝义铝矿复垦土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险评价[J].中国水土保持科学,2018,16(1):116-122.
[3]白香文,田富银.大通地区铝电解企业大气氟化物排放状况调查[J].青海环境,2007(3):140-142.
[4]曾凡.武汉市光谷局域地区环境空气中颗粒物分布特征研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2011.
[5]齐爱,张亚娟,丁亚磊,等.银川市城区大气PM2.5中金属元素污染特征及来源分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2017,34(7):591-594.
[6]武志富,何涌.铝的毒性研究进展[J].微量元素与健康研究,2018,35(5):62-64.
[7]王安琪,黄可慧,刘阔阅,等.北京市部分高校食堂面制食品铝污染及学生铝食用安全KAP调查[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(1):27-29.
[8]马雁军,刘宁微,洪也,等.2011年春季辽宁一次沙尘天气过程及其对不同粒径颗粒物和空气质量的影响[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(5):1160-1167.
[9]席春秀,邵龙义,吴凡,等.北京西北城区一次重污染过程中PM10的氧化损伤能力研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2018,37(3):492-496.
[10]何晓庆,罗进斌,王祚懿,等.婺城区大气PM2.5金属元素污染的慢性健康风险评估[J].预防医学,2019,31(1):23-27.
[11]方宏达,陈锦芳,段金明,等.厦门市郊区PM2. 5和PM10中重金属的形态特征及生物可利用性研究[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(11):1872-1877.
[12]张鑫,赵小曼,孟雪洁,等.北京、新乡夏季大气颗粒物中重金属的粒径分布及人体健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):997-1003.
[13]迟婉秋.哈尔滨大气细颗粒物重金属污染特征与健康暴露风险评价[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.
[14]刘小婷.长沙市大气颗粒物中重金属的源解析及健康风险评价[D].长沙:湖南大学,2015.
[15]庞叔薇,康德梦,王玉保,等.化学浸提法研究土壤中活性铝的溶出及形态分布[J].环境化学,1986(3):68-76.
[16]薛树娟.南昌大学前湖校区室内外PM2.5和PM10及碳组分的分布与源解析[D].南昌:南昌大学,2012.
[17]王亚虹,杨佳美,戴启立,等.西安城郊PM10和PM2.5化学组分特征研究:以户县草堂寺为例[J].环境污染与防治,2017,39(5):540-548.
[18]何志明,王荀,张浩玲,等.深圳市龙岗区PM2.5颗粒物来源探析[J].应用预防医学,2017,23(5):363-366.
[19]刘咸德,李玉武,董树屏,等.北京市大气颗粒物化学元素组成的聚类分析[J].质谱学报,2010,31(3):156-164,191.
[20]梅如波,隋本会.泰山景区冬季和春季PM2.5的化学组分特征研究[J].环境污染与防治,2018,40(1):84-87,111.
[21]罗飞,陈爱玲,李芳芳,等.酸雨区不同林龄杉木人工林土壤活性铝含量季节动态[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2014,43(5):470-477.
[22]孙建,乐美旺,饶月亮,等.芽期Al3+胁迫对芝麻幼苗生长的影响及种质资源耐铝毒性评价[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(5):602-609.
[23] DELHAIZE D.Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants[J].Plant physiology,1995,107(2):315-321.
[24] MATSUMOTO H.Cell biology of aluminum toxicity and tolerance in higher plants[J].Int Rev Cytol,2000,200:1-46.
[25]崔雪梅,郭海如,李春生,等.基于主成分分析的油菜幼苗铝毒机制研究[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(5):52-55.
[26]黄虹,贺冰洁,熊震宇,等.南昌市PM2.5中铵盐及其气态前体物的分布特征与转化机制[J].地球环境学报,2018,9(4):334-347.
[27] CHU M J,SUN C Q,CHEN W H,et al.Personal exposure to PM2.5,genetic variants and DNA damage:a multi-center population-based study in Chinese[J]. Toxicology letters,2015,235(3):172-178.
[28]张莹,王式功,贾旭伟,等.气温与PM2.5协同作用对疾病急诊就诊人数的影响[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(8):3175-3182.
[29]吴兑,刘啟汉,梁延刚,等.粤港细粒子(PM2.5)污染导致能见度下降与灰霾天气形成的研究[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(11):2660-2669.
[30]吴代赦,段桐丹,李亚静,等.某燃煤电厂周边区域空气中亚微米颗粒物的粒径分布特征[J].南昌大学学报(工科版),2018,40(1):1-7,12.
[31] ABRAHAMS P W. Soils:their implications to human health[J].Science of the total environment,2002,291(1/2/3):1-32.
[32]王宗爽,武婷,段小丽,等.环境健康风险评价中我国居民呼吸速率暴露参数研究[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(10):1171-1175.
[33]段跟定,吴奇,王晓昌.自来水中残余铝的健康危害风险评价方法[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2007(5):74-76.
[34]孙庆华,杜宗豪,杜艳君,等.环境健康风险评估方法(第五讲):风险特征(续四)[J].环境与健康,2015,32(7):640-642.
[35]杜艳君,莫杨,李湉湉.环境健康风险评估方法(第四讲):暴露评估(续三)[J].环境与健康,2015,32(6):556-559.
[36]杜艳君,张翼,刘睿聪,等.成都市PM2.5中金属元素吸入暴露的慢性健康风险评估[J].环境与健康,2016,33(12):1061-1064.
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