海洋生态系统服务价值评估研究综述
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摘要
海洋生态系统服务是通过海洋生态系统的功能结构和生态过程,以物品和服务等方式直接或间接地给人类提供的效益。海洋生态系统服务价值衡量了海洋生态系统对人类经济社会的贡献度,加快海洋强国建设,急需加强海洋生态系统服务价值评价。通过对市场价值法、替代市场法和假想市场法三大类海洋生态系统服务价值评估方法进行比较分析后可知,各类方法各有利弊,但是,存在不同方法耦合和方法优化选择的空间。通过海岸带、近海、远洋等典型海洋生态系统服务价值评估的研究案例展现了海洋生态系统服务价值评估在海洋资源开发与保护的政策选择、海洋生态补偿与环境损害赔偿的价格决定中的重要作用。海洋生态系统服务价值评估研究前景广阔,在内涵认知深入化、评估方法科学化、评估指标体系化、结果应用广泛化等方面仍有进一步拓展空间。
Marine ecosystems provide benefits to human beings directly and indirectly, through the goods and services provided by their functional structures and ecological processes. Value for marine ecosystem services measure the contribution of marine ecosystems to human society and economies. To help protect the ocean and obtain benefits from it, evaluation methods of marine ecosystem services need to be improved. We compared the three main marine ecosystem service valuation methods: market value method, surrogate market method, and simulated market method, and found that each method has pros and cons. However, the possibility exists to combine and optimize the different methods. Typical marine ecosystem valuation case studies, such as those conducted in coastal sites, offshore sites, and ocean sites, reveal the crucial role of this research in policy choices for ocean resource development and protection, and price determination for marine ecosystem compensation and environmental damage penalties. In future studies, the connotation cognition and value of marine ecosystem services need to be analyzed more deeply; the evaluation methods for marine ecosystem service value need to be more dynamic, scientific, and predictive; the evaluation criteria for marine ecosystem service value should be constantly systematized and data collected; and the results of marine ecosystem services evaluations should be more closely tied to decision making and planning in marine-based economies.
Marine ecosystems provide benefits to human beings directly and indirectly, through the goods and services provided by their functional structures and ecological processes. Value for marine ecosystem services measure the contribution of marine ecosystems to human society and economies. To help protect the ocean and obtain benefits from it, evaluation methods of marine ecosystem services need to be improved. We compared the three main marine ecosystem service valuation methods: market value method, surrogate market method, and simulated market method, and found that each method has pros and cons. However, the possibility exists to combine and optimize the different methods. Typical marine ecosystem valuation case studies, such as those conducted in coastal sites, offshore sites, and ocean sites, reveal the crucial role of this research in policy choices for ocean resource development and protection, and price determination for marine ecosystem compensation and environmental damage penalties. In future studies, the connotation cognition and value of marine ecosystem services need to be analyzed more deeply; the evaluation methods for marine ecosystem service value need to be more dynamic, scientific, and predictive; the evaluation criteria for marine ecosystem service value should be constantly systematized and data collected; and the results of marine ecosystem services evaluations should be more closely tied to decision making and planning in marine-based economies.
引文
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[4] 谢高地,肖玉.农田生态系统服务及其价值的研究进展.中国生态农业学报,2013,21(6):645- 651.
[5] 贾军梅,罗维,杜婷婷,李中和,吕永龙.近十年太湖生态系统服务功能价值变化评估.生态学报,2015,35(7):2255- 2264.
[6] 赵同谦,欧阳志云,郑华,王效科,苗鸿.草地生态系统服务功能分析及其评价指标体系.生态学杂志,2004,23(6):155- 160.
[7] Liquete C,Piroddi C,Drakou E G,Gurney L,Katsanevakis S,Charef A,Egoh B.Current status and future prospects for the assessment of marine and coastal ecosystem services:a systematic review.PLoS One,2013,8(7):e67737.
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[13] Barbier E B.Marine ecosystem services.Current Biology,2017,27(11):R507-R510.
[14] Grant S M,Hill S L,Trathan P N,Murphy E J.Ecosystem services of the Southern Ocean:trade-offs in decision-making.Antarctic Science,2013,25(5):603- 617.
[15] Boyd J,Banzhaf S.What are ecosystem services?The need for standardized environmental Accounting Units.Ecological Economics,2007,63(2/3):616- 626.
[16] Beaumont N J,Austen M C,Atkins J P,Burdon D,Degraer S,Dentinho T P,Derous S,Holm P,Horton T,Van Ierland E,Marboe A H,Starkey D J,Townsend M,Zarzycki T.Identification,definition and quantification of goods and services provided by marine biodiversity:implications for the ecosystem approach.Marine Pollution Bulletin,2007,54(3):253- 265.
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[19] Zheng W,Shi H H,Chen S,Zhu M Y.Benefit and cost analysis of mariculture based on ecosystem services.Ecological Economics,2009,68(6):1626- 1632.
[20] Costanza R.Ecosystem services:multiple classification systems are needed.Biological Conservation,2008,141(2):350- 352.
[21] Young R H,Potschin M.The links between biodiversity,ecosystem services and human well-being//Raffaelli D G,Frid C L J,eds.Ecosystem Ecology:A New Synthesis.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2010:1- 31.
[22] 李文华.生态系统服务功能价值评估的理论、方法与应用.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008:38- 43.
[23] Pearce D W.Capturing global environmental value.London:Earthscan Publications Ltd.,1995:103- 108.
[24] Ledoux L,Turner R K.Valuing ocean and coastal resources:a review of practical examples and issues for further action.Ocean & Coastal Management,2002,45(9/10):583- 616.
[25] Chee Y E.An ecological perspective on the valuation of ecosystem services.Biological Conservation,2004,120(4):549- 565.
[26] Farber S,Costanza R,Childers D L,Erickson J,Gross K,Grove M,Hopkinson C S,Kahn J,Pincetl S,Troy A,Warren P,Wilson M.Linking ecology and economics for ecosystem management.BioScience,2006,56(2):121- 133.
[27] 李秀山,李俊生,孟伟,舒俭民.探索生态系统服务价值开启生物多样性保护新路.环境保护,2012,(17):12- 15.
[28] 刘尧,张玉钧,贾倩.生态系统服务价值评估方法研究.环境保护,2017,45(6):64- 68.
[29] 张翼飞.CVM评估生态服务价值的经济有效性和可靠性理论述评.生态经济,2007,(6):34- 37,56- 56.
[30] 张振明,刘俊国.生态系统服务价值研究进展.环境科学学报,2011,31(9):1835- 1842.
[31] Ruffo S,Kareiva P M.Using science to assign value to nature.Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,2009,7(1):3.
[32] Wang X,Chen W Q,Zhang L P,Jin D,Lu C Y.Estimating the ecosystem service losses from proposed land reclamation projects:a case study in Xiamen.Ecological Economics,2010,69(12):2549- 2556.
[33] Grossmann M.Impacts of boating trip limitations on the recreational value of the Spreewald wetland:a pooled revealed/contingent behaviour application of the travel cost method.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,2011,54(2):211- 226.
[34] 侯红艳,戴尔阜,张明庆.InVEST模型应用研究进展.首都师范大学学报:自然科学版,2018,39(4):62- 67.
[35] 李京梅,陈琦,姚海燕.基于选择实验法的胶州湾湿地围垦生态效益损失评估.资源科学,2015,37(1):68- 75.
[36] 张琨,吕一河,傅伯杰.生态恢复中生态系统服务的演变:趋势、过程与评估.生态学报,2016,36(20):6337- 6344.
[37] 李文杰,张时煌,王辉民.基于GIS和遥感技术的生态系统服务价值评估研究进展.应用生态学报,2011,22(12):3358- 3364.
[38] 陈能汪,张潇尹,卢晓梅.基于GIS的生态系统服务直接利用价值评估方法.中国环境科学,2008,28(7):661- 666.
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