陡水湖流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其环境影响因素
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摘要
于2016年6月～2017年5月对陡水湖流域的大型底栖动物进行了调查,共采集到大型底栖动物40属(种),隶属4门6纲28科,其中节肢动物最多(18种),占总种数的45.0%,其次为软体动物(15种),占总种数的37.5%,环节动物最少(7种),占总种数的17.5%。优势种为霍甫水丝蚓、苏氏尾鳃蚓、椭圆萝卜螺、梨形环棱螺、放逸短沟蜷和河蚬。各采样点区系相似性分析表明陡水湖流域明显分为库区与入库河流。入库河流底栖动物的平均密度和生物量分别为476.64±28.91 ind./m~2和46.706±15.293 g/m~2,明显高于库区的平均密度(452.34±78.45 ind./m~2)和平均生物量(1.569±0.209 g/m~2)。多样性指数分析显示入湖河流物种多样性高于库区。典范对应分析显示总磷、化学需氧量和氨氮显著影响陡水湖流域底栖动物群落的空间分布。
Macrozoobenthos specimens were sampled in the Doushui Lake Basin from June 2016 to May 2017, which were identified into 40 genera(species), 28 families and 6 classes. The number of Arthropoda was the greatest(18), accounted for 45.0% of the total, followed by Mollusca(15), accounting for 37.5%, Annelida was the lowest(7), accounted for 17.5%. The dominant species were Limno drilus hoffmeisteri, Branchiura sowerbyi, Radix swinhoei, Bellamya purificata, Semisulcospira libertine and Corbicula fluminea. The cluster analysis showed that macrozoobenthic fauna in the Doushui Lake Basin was clearly divided into reservoir and river. The mean density(476.64±28.91 ind./m~2) and mean biomass(46.706±15.293 g/m~2)of macrozoobenthos in the river were greater than reservoir(mean density was 452.34±78.45 ind./m~2, mean biomass was 1.569±0.209 g/m~2). The analysis of diversity index showed that species diversity of macrozoobenthos in the river was higher than the reservoir. The results of canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) indicated that spatial distribution of macrozoobenthos was correlated with total phosphorous(TP), chemical oxygen demand(COD_(cr)) and ammonium(NH_4~+) in the Doushui Lake Basin.
Macrozoobenthos specimens were sampled in the Doushui Lake Basin from June 2016 to May 2017, which were identified into 40 genera(species), 28 families and 6 classes. The number of Arthropoda was the greatest(18), accounted for 45.0% of the total, followed by Mollusca(15), accounting for 37.5%, Annelida was the lowest(7), accounted for 17.5%. The dominant species were Limno drilus hoffmeisteri, Branchiura sowerbyi, Radix swinhoei, Bellamya purificata, Semisulcospira libertine and Corbicula fluminea. The cluster analysis showed that macrozoobenthic fauna in the Doushui Lake Basin was clearly divided into reservoir and river. The mean density(476.64±28.91 ind./m~2) and mean biomass(46.706±15.293 g/m~2)of macrozoobenthos in the river were greater than reservoir(mean density was 452.34±78.45 ind./m~2, mean biomass was 1.569±0.209 g/m~2). The analysis of diversity index showed that species diversity of macrozoobenthos in the river was higher than the reservoir. The results of canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) indicated that spatial distribution of macrozoobenthos was correlated with total phosphorous(TP), chemical oxygen demand(COD_(cr)) and ammonium(NH_4~+) in the Doushui Lake Basin.
引文
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[17] 霍堂斌,刘曼红,姜作发,等.松花江干流大型底栖动物群落结构与水质生物评价[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(1):247-254.HUO T B,LIU M H,JIANG Z F,et al.Macrobenthos community structure of macrobenthos and bioassessment of water quality in main stream of Songhua River[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(1):247-254.
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