18种植物乙醇提取物对二斑叶螨的杀螨活性
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摘要
为开发新型植物杀螨剂,采集了瓦房店市山区14科18种植物,利用其乙醇提取物对二斑叶螨雌成螨和卵进行了室内触杀活性测定.试验结果表明,波斯菊、银杏、烟草、紫花地丁、四季海棠和回回蒜等具有一定的杀螨活性,波斯菊、银杏和烟草作用较为显著,以质量浓度为10 mg·mL~(-1)的波斯菊、银杏和烟草乙醇提取物处理24 h后,校正死亡率分别达到95.53%、95.57%和92.23%,半数致死质量浓度分别为3.178、3.642和3.200 mg·mL~(-1).波斯菊、苍耳、烟草、龙葵、银杏、紫花地丁和酸栆的乙醇提取物对二斑叶螨卵的孵化有较好的抑制作用,波斯菊的作用较强.
In order to develop plant acaricides, 18 plant species belonging to 14 families in Wafangdian mountain area were collected, and their ethanol extracts were used to determine the indoor contact killing activity against Tetranychus urticae adults and eggs. The results show that Cosmos bipinnatus, Ginkgo biloba, Nicotiana tabacum L, Viola philippica, Begonia semperflorens Link et Otto and Ranunculus chinensis Bunge had certain acaricidal activity. Cosmos bipinnatus, Ginkgo biloba and Nicotiana tabacum L showed outstanding performance. The ethanol extracts of Cosmos bipinnatus, Ginkgo biloba and Nicotiana tabacum L at the mass concentration of 10 mg·mL~(-1) had a significant contact acaricidal effect on Tetranychus urticae adults, the corrected mortality after 24 h treatment reached 95.53%, 95.57% and 92.23%, respectively, and LC_(50) were 3.178 mg·mL~(-1), 3.642 mg·mL~(-1) and 3.200 mg·mL~(-1 )respectively. Ethanol extracts from Cosmos bipinnatus, Xanthium sibiricum,Nicotiana tabacum L, Solanum nigrum, Ginkgo biloba,Viola philippica and Ziziphus jujuba Mill had inhibiting effects on hatching of Tetranychus urticae eggs, with Cosmos bipinnatus showing strongest effect.
In order to develop plant acaricides, 18 plant species belonging to 14 families in Wafangdian mountain area were collected, and their ethanol extracts were used to determine the indoor contact killing activity against Tetranychus urticae adults and eggs. The results show that Cosmos bipinnatus, Ginkgo biloba, Nicotiana tabacum L, Viola philippica, Begonia semperflorens Link et Otto and Ranunculus chinensis Bunge had certain acaricidal activity. Cosmos bipinnatus, Ginkgo biloba and Nicotiana tabacum L showed outstanding performance. The ethanol extracts of Cosmos bipinnatus, Ginkgo biloba and Nicotiana tabacum L at the mass concentration of 10 mg·mL~(-1) had a significant contact acaricidal effect on Tetranychus urticae adults, the corrected mortality after 24 h treatment reached 95.53%, 95.57% and 92.23%, respectively, and LC_(50) were 3.178 mg·mL~(-1), 3.642 mg·mL~(-1) and 3.200 mg·mL~(-1 )respectively. Ethanol extracts from Cosmos bipinnatus, Xanthium sibiricum,Nicotiana tabacum L, Solanum nigrum, Ginkgo biloba,Viola philippica and Ziziphus jujuba Mill had inhibiting effects on hatching of Tetranychus urticae eggs, with Cosmos bipinnatus showing strongest effect.
引文
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[4] 赵赫南,雷廷,李冰,等.紫茉莉乙醇提取物对二斑叶螨生物酶活性的影响[J].沈阳大学学报(自然科学版),2016,28(3):198-202.ZHAO H N,LEI T,LI B,et al.Effect of Mirabilis jalapa ethanol extracts on enzymes of Tetranychusurticae[J].Journal of Shenyang University(Natural Science),2016,28(3):198-202.
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[6] 赵卫东,王开运,姜兴印,等.二斑叶螨对常用杀螨剂的抗药性测定[J].农药学学报,2001,3(3):86-88.ZHAO W D,WANG K Y,JIANG X Y,et al.The monitoring of resistance of Tetranychus urticae Koch to several insecticides[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2001,3(3):86-88.
[7] 韩建勇,曾鑫年,杜利香,等.几种植物的杀螨活性研究初报[J].广东农业科学,2003(2):43-46.HAN J Y,ZENG X N,DU L X,et al.Progress on studying the activities of some plants for controlling mites[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2003(2):43-46.
[8] 赵赫南,聂争飞,王凤诏,等.紫茉莉甲醇提取物对黄豆、蕃茄种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响[J].沈阳大学学报(自然科学版),2017,29(3):197-200.ZHAO H N,NIE Z F,WANG F Z,et al.Impacts of Mirabilis jalapa methanol extract on germination and seedling growth of soybean and eggplant seeds[J].Journal of Shenyang University (Natural Science),2017,29(3):197-200.
[9] GOLOB P,GUDRUPS I.The use of spices and medicinals as bioactive protectants for grains[J].Fao Agricultural Services Bulletin,1999,137,201-213.
[10] ISMAIL M S M,SOLIMAN M F M,NAGGAR M H E,et al.Acaricidal activity of spinosad and abamectin against two-spotted spider mites[J].Experimental and Applied Acarology,2007,43(2):129-135.
[11] 罗欢,贾国庚,范小燕,等.一种波斯菊叶枯病新病原菌的分离与鉴定[J].植物保护,2017,43(6):182-186.LUO H,JIA G G,FAN X Y,et al.Isolation and identification of a new pathogen causing leaf blight on Cosmos bipinnatus[J].Plant Protection,2017,43(6):182-186.
[12] 芦建国,杜毅.草花混播在高速公路上的应用研究[C]//工程绿化理论与技术进展:全国工程绿化技术交流研讨会论文集,2008:131-138.LU J G,DU Y.Study on the application of mixed sowing of grass and flower on expressway[C]//Research on the application of mixed sowing of grass and flower on expressway:the proceedings of the national symposium on engineering greening technology exchange,2008:131-138.
[13] 王丹,王志国.波斯菊不同部位浸提液对园林植物种子萌发的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(12):2212-2214.WANG D,WANG Z G.Effects of extracts from different parts of Cosmos bipinnatus Cav.on seed germination of garden plants[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,2017,58(12):2212-2214.
[14] 王丹,周润逸.波斯菊浸提液对3种园林植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].天津农业科学,2018,24(1):4-6.WANG D,ZHOU R Y.Effects of Cosmos bipinnata aqueous extract on seed germination and seedling growth of three types of garden plants[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2018,24(1):4-6.
[15] 刘丹丹,王雪飞,朱浩,等.大波斯菊种子水提取物对Ⅰ型糖尿病模型小鼠肝脏组织的影响[J].动物医学进展,2015,36(4):59-62.LIU D D,WANG X F,ZHU H,et al.Effect of Cosmos bipinnatus seed water extract on liver tissue of typeⅠdiabetic model mice[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2015,36(4):59-62.
[16] 朱浩,王雪飞,刘丹丹,等.大波斯菊种子水提物对I型糖尿病模型小鼠肝肾功能及生化指标的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2016,52(2):99-101.ZHU H,WANG X F,LIU D D,et al.Effects of water extract from Cosmos bipinnatus seed on the functions of liver and kidney and biochemical parameters in type Ⅰ diabetic mice[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine,2016,52(2):99-101.
[17] 贾利红,杨英.大波斯菊种子水提物对Ⅱ型糖尿病模型小鼠血糖的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医文摘,2014(6):206.JIA L H,YANG Y.Effect of water extract from seeds of Cosmos bipinnatus on blood glucose in Ⅱ diabetes model mice[J].Chinese Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2014(6):206.
[18] 杨春华,贺鹏亮,李瑞航,等.马齿苋合剂治疗实验性皮肤缺失性创伤的效果观察[J].安徽医药,2016,20(9):1633-1636.YANG C H,HE P L,LI R H,et al.Curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine extraction containing mainly Portulaca oleracea L.on experimental skin defected wounds[J].Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal,2016,20(9):1633-1636.
[19] 王新国,徐汉虹,刘新清,等.四种菊科植物α-三连噻吩的含量测定及杀虫活性研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2001,22(3):26-28.WANG X G,XU H H,LIU X Q,et al.The analysis of α-terthienyl in compositae plants and their bioactivity against mosquito larvae[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2001,22(3):26-28.
[20] 张天柱,曾勇,李辉,等.14种菊科植物提取物对松材线虫和淡色库蚊的光活化毒杀作用[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(4):821-826.ZHANG T Z,ZENG Y,LI H,et al.Photoactivated toxicity of extracts from 14 compositae plants against Bursa phelenchus xylophilus and Culex pipiens pallens[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2010,30(4):821-826.
[21] 李云寿,邹华英,唐绍宗,等.14种菊科植物提取物对菜青虫的杀虫活性[J].华东昆虫学报,2000,9(2):99-101.LI Y S,ZOU H Y,TANG S Z,et al.Insecticidal activities of 14 compositae extracts against Brassica rapae[J].Entomological Journal of East China,2000,9(2) 99-101.
[22] 王云梅,付立会,黄修芬,等.紫茎泽兰提取物对粘虫触杀作用研究初探[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(2):61-67.WANG Y M,FU L H,HUANG X F,et al.Contact toxicity of extracts of Eupatorium adenophorum against armyworm[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2016,32(2):61-67.
[2] 韩俊艳,张立竹,纪明山.植物源杀虫剂的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(21):229-233.HAN J Y,ZHANG L Z,JI M S.Research progress of botanical insecticides[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,27(21):229-233.
[3] 孙月华,郅军锐,田甜.二斑叶螨为害对菜豆生理指标的影响[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(4):1010-1014.SUN Y H,ZHI J R,TIAN T.The damage of Tetranychus urticae on physiological index of kidney bean[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2014,33(4):1010-1014.
[4] 赵赫南,雷廷,李冰,等.紫茉莉乙醇提取物对二斑叶螨生物酶活性的影响[J].沈阳大学学报(自然科学版),2016,28(3):198-202.ZHAO H N,LEI T,LI B,et al.Effect of Mirabilis jalapa ethanol extracts on enzymes of Tetranychusurticae[J].Journal of Shenyang University(Natural Science),2016,28(3):198-202.
[5] 孟和生.两种生测方法对杀螨剂毒力测定结果的影响比较[J].植物保护,2002,28(3):50-51.MENG H S.Effects of two bioassay methods on toxicity of acaricides[J].Plant Protection,2002,28(3):50-51.
[6] 赵卫东,王开运,姜兴印,等.二斑叶螨对常用杀螨剂的抗药性测定[J].农药学学报,2001,3(3):86-88.ZHAO W D,WANG K Y,JIANG X Y,et al.The monitoring of resistance of Tetranychus urticae Koch to several insecticides[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2001,3(3):86-88.
[7] 韩建勇,曾鑫年,杜利香,等.几种植物的杀螨活性研究初报[J].广东农业科学,2003(2):43-46.HAN J Y,ZENG X N,DU L X,et al.Progress on studying the activities of some plants for controlling mites[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2003(2):43-46.
[8] 赵赫南,聂争飞,王凤诏,等.紫茉莉甲醇提取物对黄豆、蕃茄种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响[J].沈阳大学学报(自然科学版),2017,29(3):197-200.ZHAO H N,NIE Z F,WANG F Z,et al.Impacts of Mirabilis jalapa methanol extract on germination and seedling growth of soybean and eggplant seeds[J].Journal of Shenyang University (Natural Science),2017,29(3):197-200.
[9] GOLOB P,GUDRUPS I.The use of spices and medicinals as bioactive protectants for grains[J].Fao Agricultural Services Bulletin,1999,137,201-213.
[10] ISMAIL M S M,SOLIMAN M F M,NAGGAR M H E,et al.Acaricidal activity of spinosad and abamectin against two-spotted spider mites[J].Experimental and Applied Acarology,2007,43(2):129-135.
[11] 罗欢,贾国庚,范小燕,等.一种波斯菊叶枯病新病原菌的分离与鉴定[J].植物保护,2017,43(6):182-186.LUO H,JIA G G,FAN X Y,et al.Isolation and identification of a new pathogen causing leaf blight on Cosmos bipinnatus[J].Plant Protection,2017,43(6):182-186.
[12] 芦建国,杜毅.草花混播在高速公路上的应用研究[C]//工程绿化理论与技术进展:全国工程绿化技术交流研讨会论文集,2008:131-138.LU J G,DU Y.Study on the application of mixed sowing of grass and flower on expressway[C]//Research on the application of mixed sowing of grass and flower on expressway:the proceedings of the national symposium on engineering greening technology exchange,2008:131-138.
[13] 王丹,王志国.波斯菊不同部位浸提液对园林植物种子萌发的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(12):2212-2214.WANG D,WANG Z G.Effects of extracts from different parts of Cosmos bipinnatus Cav.on seed germination of garden plants[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,2017,58(12):2212-2214.
[14] 王丹,周润逸.波斯菊浸提液对3种园林植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].天津农业科学,2018,24(1):4-6.WANG D,ZHOU R Y.Effects of Cosmos bipinnata aqueous extract on seed germination and seedling growth of three types of garden plants[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2018,24(1):4-6.
[15] 刘丹丹,王雪飞,朱浩,等.大波斯菊种子水提取物对Ⅰ型糖尿病模型小鼠肝脏组织的影响[J].动物医学进展,2015,36(4):59-62.LIU D D,WANG X F,ZHU H,et al.Effect of Cosmos bipinnatus seed water extract on liver tissue of typeⅠdiabetic model mice[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2015,36(4):59-62.
[16] 朱浩,王雪飞,刘丹丹,等.大波斯菊种子水提物对I型糖尿病模型小鼠肝肾功能及生化指标的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2016,52(2):99-101.ZHU H,WANG X F,LIU D D,et al.Effects of water extract from Cosmos bipinnatus seed on the functions of liver and kidney and biochemical parameters in type Ⅰ diabetic mice[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine,2016,52(2):99-101.
[17] 贾利红,杨英.大波斯菊种子水提物对Ⅱ型糖尿病模型小鼠血糖的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医文摘,2014(6):206.JIA L H,YANG Y.Effect of water extract from seeds of Cosmos bipinnatus on blood glucose in Ⅱ diabetes model mice[J].Chinese Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2014(6):206.
[18] 杨春华,贺鹏亮,李瑞航,等.马齿苋合剂治疗实验性皮肤缺失性创伤的效果观察[J].安徽医药,2016,20(9):1633-1636.YANG C H,HE P L,LI R H,et al.Curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine extraction containing mainly Portulaca oleracea L.on experimental skin defected wounds[J].Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal,2016,20(9):1633-1636.
[19] 王新国,徐汉虹,刘新清,等.四种菊科植物α-三连噻吩的含量测定及杀虫活性研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2001,22(3):26-28.WANG X G,XU H H,LIU X Q,et al.The analysis of α-terthienyl in compositae plants and their bioactivity against mosquito larvae[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2001,22(3):26-28.
[20] 张天柱,曾勇,李辉,等.14种菊科植物提取物对松材线虫和淡色库蚊的光活化毒杀作用[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(4):821-826.ZHANG T Z,ZENG Y,LI H,et al.Photoactivated toxicity of extracts from 14 compositae plants against Bursa phelenchus xylophilus and Culex pipiens pallens[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2010,30(4):821-826.
[21] 李云寿,邹华英,唐绍宗,等.14种菊科植物提取物对菜青虫的杀虫活性[J].华东昆虫学报,2000,9(2):99-101.LI Y S,ZOU H Y,TANG S Z,et al.Insecticidal activities of 14 compositae extracts against Brassica rapae[J].Entomological Journal of East China,2000,9(2) 99-101.
[22] 王云梅,付立会,黄修芬,等.紫茎泽兰提取物对粘虫触杀作用研究初探[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(2):61-67.WANG Y M,FU L H,HUANG X F,et al.Contact toxicity of extracts of Eupatorium adenophorum against armyworm[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2016,32(2):61-67.
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