干旱胁迫和复水对浙江楠光合与根系生长的影响
|
摘要
为探索珍贵树种斑块化混交造林的可行性,以浙江楠为研究对象,通过干旱胁迫和复水试验,分析其光合生理特征、根系生长和抗氧化系统的响应。结果表明,对照条件下浙江楠的光合生理最优,重度干旱严重影响浙江楠的生理进程,具体表现为光合能力、光适应特征、瞬间气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的显著下降,其光合速率的下降是由气孔因素导致;中度干旱条件下的浙江楠植株水分利用率最高,重度干旱条件下的水分利用率与对照、中度干旱相比较,分别下降了29.6%和46.4%;中度干旱条件下根半径下降,但SOD、POD和CAT未显著下降, CAT均值略有上升,重度干旱条件下的3种保护酶均表现出显著下降,抗氧化酶已不能有效清除掉活性氧物质。因此,浙江楠具备一定的抗旱能力,中度干旱并不影响浙江楠的正常生长,在实际斑块化造林过程中,可适度控制土壤含水量,有利于在不同树种斑块化混交配置应用中提升浙江楠造林的成活率和保存率。
In this study, the effects of drought stress and re-watering on the photosynthetic and physiological characteristics, root growth, and antioxidant system response of Phoebe chekiangensis were investigated to explore the feasibility of mixed-patch afforestation of economically valuable and endangered tree species. Results showed that photosynthesis by P. chekiangensis was optimal under control conditions, whereas severe drought significantly impaired physiological processes in P. chekiangensis, including photosynthetic capacity, light adaptation characteristics, instantaneous gas exchange parameters, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The decreased photosynthetic rate was caused by stomatal factors. The water use efficiency of P. chekiangensis was the highest under moderate drought conditions, and was lower by 29.6% and 46.4% under severe drought conditions than under control and moderate drought conditions, respectively. Under moderate drought conditions, the root radius of P. chekiangensis was significantly decreased, whereas the superoxidase dismutase(SOD), Peroxidase(POD), and Catalase(CAT) did not significantly decrease, and the average CAT actually increased slightly. However, under severe drought conditions the production of these three protective enzymes significantly decreased, and as a result antioxidant enzymes could not effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species.Therefore, it can be concluded that P. chekiangensis has some drought resistance. Moderate drought does not affect the normal growth of P. chekiangensis. Therefore, in the actual afforestation process, moderate control of the soil water content can be applied to preserve P. chekiangensis under conditions of mixed-patch afforestation of different tree species.
In this study, the effects of drought stress and re-watering on the photosynthetic and physiological characteristics, root growth, and antioxidant system response of Phoebe chekiangensis were investigated to explore the feasibility of mixed-patch afforestation of economically valuable and endangered tree species. Results showed that photosynthesis by P. chekiangensis was optimal under control conditions, whereas severe drought significantly impaired physiological processes in P. chekiangensis, including photosynthetic capacity, light adaptation characteristics, instantaneous gas exchange parameters, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The decreased photosynthetic rate was caused by stomatal factors. The water use efficiency of P. chekiangensis was the highest under moderate drought conditions, and was lower by 29.6% and 46.4% under severe drought conditions than under control and moderate drought conditions, respectively. Under moderate drought conditions, the root radius of P. chekiangensis was significantly decreased, whereas the superoxidase dismutase(SOD), Peroxidase(POD), and Catalase(CAT) did not significantly decrease, and the average CAT actually increased slightly. However, under severe drought conditions the production of these three protective enzymes significantly decreased, and as a result antioxidant enzymes could not effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species.Therefore, it can be concluded that P. chekiangensis has some drought resistance. Moderate drought does not affect the normal growth of P. chekiangensis. Therefore, in the actual afforestation process, moderate control of the soil water content can be applied to preserve P. chekiangensis under conditions of mixed-patch afforestation of different tree species.
引文
[1]JANíK D,ADAM D,HORT L,et al.Tree spatial patterns of Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica in the Western Carpathians over 30 years[J].European Journal of Forest Research,2014,133(6):1015-1028.
[2]张丹,任洁,王慧梅.干旱胁迫及复水对红松针叶和树皮绿色组织光合特性及抗氧化系统的影响[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(10):2606-2614.
[3]李伟成,盛海燕,高贵宾,等.高温干旱对髯毛箬竹的叶和细根的生理生态影响[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(12):1908-1918.
[4]WHITE T A,CAMPBELL B D,KEMP P D.Impacts of extreme climatic events on competition during grassland invasions[J].Global Change Biology,2001,7(7):1-13.
[5]BACHER A S,WUNDERLICH S,BORKEN W.Soil respiration under climate change:prolonged summer drought offsets soil warming effects[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18:2270-2279.
[6]FONTI P,HELLER O,CHERUBINI P.Wood anatomical responses of oak saplings exposed to air warming and soil drought[J].Plant Biology,2013,15(1):2101-219.
[7]陈大印,刘春英,袁野,等.不同光强与温度处理对肉芙蓉牡丹叶片PSⅡ光化学活性的影响[J].2011,38(10):1939-1946.
[8]李冬林,向其柏.光照条件对浙江楠幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(5):27-31.
[9]吴永波,叶波.高温干旱复合胁迫对构树幼苗抗氧化酶活性和活性氧代谢的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(2):403-410.
[10]李伟成,王树东,钟哲科,等.不同施肥梯度下酒竹的形态和光合响应竹子研究汇刊[J].2010,29(5):11-17.
[11]UZILDAY B,TURKAN I,SEKMEN A H,et al.Comparison of ROS formation and antioxidant enzymes in Cleome gynandra(C4)and Cleome spinosa(C3)under drought stress[J].Plant Science,2012,182(1):59-70.
[12]RANNEY T G.Heat tolerance of five taxa of birch(Betula):physiological responses to supraoptimal leaf temperatures[J].American Horticulture Science,1994,119(2):243-248.
[13]JU Y L,YUE X F,ZHAO X F,et al.Physiological,micro-morphological and metabolomic analysis of grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.)leaf of plants under water stress[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2018,130:501-510.
[14]MOLES T M,MARIOTTI L,De PEDRO L F,et al.Drought induced changes of leaf-to-root relationships in two tomato genotypes[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2018,128:24-31.
[15]邵怡若,许建新,薛立,等.5种绿化树种幼苗对干旱胁迫和复水的生理响应[J].生态科学,2013,32(4):420-428.
[16]WANG J,DUAN B,ZHANG Y.Effects of experimental warming on growth,biomass allocation,and needle chemistry of Abies faxoniana in even-aged monospecific stands[J].Plant Ecology,2012,213(1):47-55.
[17]李文娆,张岁岐,山仑.水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿根系吸水与光合特性的影响[J].草地学报,2007,15(3):206-211.
[18]PREGITZER K S,DEFOREST J L,BURTON A J,et al.Fine root architecture of nine North American trees[J].Ecological Monographs,2002,72:293-309.
[19]刘璇,吴永波,邵维,等.高温干旱复合胁迫及复水对刺槐幼苗水分运输的影响[J].生态科学,2018,37(2):100-105.
[20]DANIELLE A W,DOMEC J C,JACKSON R B.Elevated growth temperatures alter hydraulic characteristics in trembling aspen(Populus tremuloides)seedlings:implications for tree drought tolerance[J].Plant,Cell and Environment,2013,36:103-115
[21]ZHAO J H,LI H X,ZHANG C Z,et al.Physiological response of four wolfberry(Lycium Linn.)species under drought stress[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2018,17(3):603-612.
[22]KONGSTAD J,SCHMIDT I N,RIIS-NIELSEN T,et al.High Resilience in Heath land Plants to Changes in Temperature,Drought,and CO2 in Combination:Results from the CLIMAITE Experiment[J].Ecosystems,2012,15(2):269-283.
[2]张丹,任洁,王慧梅.干旱胁迫及复水对红松针叶和树皮绿色组织光合特性及抗氧化系统的影响[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(10):2606-2614.
[3]李伟成,盛海燕,高贵宾,等.高温干旱对髯毛箬竹的叶和细根的生理生态影响[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(12):1908-1918.
[4]WHITE T A,CAMPBELL B D,KEMP P D.Impacts of extreme climatic events on competition during grassland invasions[J].Global Change Biology,2001,7(7):1-13.
[5]BACHER A S,WUNDERLICH S,BORKEN W.Soil respiration under climate change:prolonged summer drought offsets soil warming effects[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18:2270-2279.
[6]FONTI P,HELLER O,CHERUBINI P.Wood anatomical responses of oak saplings exposed to air warming and soil drought[J].Plant Biology,2013,15(1):2101-219.
[7]陈大印,刘春英,袁野,等.不同光强与温度处理对肉芙蓉牡丹叶片PSⅡ光化学活性的影响[J].2011,38(10):1939-1946.
[8]李冬林,向其柏.光照条件对浙江楠幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(5):27-31.
[9]吴永波,叶波.高温干旱复合胁迫对构树幼苗抗氧化酶活性和活性氧代谢的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(2):403-410.
[10]李伟成,王树东,钟哲科,等.不同施肥梯度下酒竹的形态和光合响应竹子研究汇刊[J].2010,29(5):11-17.
[11]UZILDAY B,TURKAN I,SEKMEN A H,et al.Comparison of ROS formation and antioxidant enzymes in Cleome gynandra(C4)and Cleome spinosa(C3)under drought stress[J].Plant Science,2012,182(1):59-70.
[12]RANNEY T G.Heat tolerance of five taxa of birch(Betula):physiological responses to supraoptimal leaf temperatures[J].American Horticulture Science,1994,119(2):243-248.
[13]JU Y L,YUE X F,ZHAO X F,et al.Physiological,micro-morphological and metabolomic analysis of grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.)leaf of plants under water stress[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2018,130:501-510.
[14]MOLES T M,MARIOTTI L,De PEDRO L F,et al.Drought induced changes of leaf-to-root relationships in two tomato genotypes[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2018,128:24-31.
[15]邵怡若,许建新,薛立,等.5种绿化树种幼苗对干旱胁迫和复水的生理响应[J].生态科学,2013,32(4):420-428.
[16]WANG J,DUAN B,ZHANG Y.Effects of experimental warming on growth,biomass allocation,and needle chemistry of Abies faxoniana in even-aged monospecific stands[J].Plant Ecology,2012,213(1):47-55.
[17]李文娆,张岁岐,山仑.水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿根系吸水与光合特性的影响[J].草地学报,2007,15(3):206-211.
[18]PREGITZER K S,DEFOREST J L,BURTON A J,et al.Fine root architecture of nine North American trees[J].Ecological Monographs,2002,72:293-309.
[19]刘璇,吴永波,邵维,等.高温干旱复合胁迫及复水对刺槐幼苗水分运输的影响[J].生态科学,2018,37(2):100-105.
[20]DANIELLE A W,DOMEC J C,JACKSON R B.Elevated growth temperatures alter hydraulic characteristics in trembling aspen(Populus tremuloides)seedlings:implications for tree drought tolerance[J].Plant,Cell and Environment,2013,36:103-115
[21]ZHAO J H,LI H X,ZHANG C Z,et al.Physiological response of four wolfberry(Lycium Linn.)species under drought stress[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2018,17(3):603-612.
[22]KONGSTAD J,SCHMIDT I N,RIIS-NIELSEN T,et al.High Resilience in Heath land Plants to Changes in Temperature,Drought,and CO2 in Combination:Results from the CLIMAITE Experiment[J].Ecosystems,2012,15(2):269-283.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |