北京市家具制造业涂料应用过程挥发性有机物排放现状及未来趋势
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摘要
在调研北京市家具制造业涂料使用现状的基础上,采用排放因子法,分别自上而下计算北京市家具制造业挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放量,自下而上计算重点家具制造企业VOCs排放量,并采用情景分析法对未来北京市家具制造业VOCs排放情况进行预测。结果表明,2015年北京市家具制造业VOCs排放量约为1.37×10~4 t;重点企业VOCs排放量占比约29.4%。通过优化涂料品质使其达到欧美发达国家20世纪末期平均水平,且要求新建企业安装废气末端治理设施,该行业VOCs排放量可控制在1.15×10~4 t;进一步将涂料改进到欧美发达国家先进水平,且规模企业安装废气末端治理设施,该行业VOCs排放量可控制在8.80×10~3 t。对比分析两种控制措施的减排效果,提升涂料品质是控制VOCs排放的最有效措施。
The emission factor method was used to estimate the up to down volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions of Beijing furniture industry and the down to up VOCs emissions of the main furniture enterprises based on the current paint consumptions of furniture industry in Beijing.Furthermore,the scenario analysis method was used to forecast the VOCs emissions of Beijing furniture industry in the future.The results indicated that the VOCs amount emitted from furniture industry paint use was 1.37×10~4 t in 2015,while the key enterprises VOCs emissions accounted for about 29.4%.Two control scenarios were developed to evaluate the potential of VOCs emission reduction.VOCs emissions from furniture industry might be controlled at 1.15×10~4 t through the improvement of paints quality to the medium level of that in developed countries in late 20 th century and installation of waste gas treatment equipments in newly built factories.VOCs emissions could be further reduced to 8.80×10~3 t if the paint quality would be improved to the current advanced level of that in developed countries and all factories would install waste gas treatment equipments.Comparing and analyzing the emission reduction effect of two control measures,improvement of paint quality was the most effective measure.
The emission factor method was used to estimate the up to down volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions of Beijing furniture industry and the down to up VOCs emissions of the main furniture enterprises based on the current paint consumptions of furniture industry in Beijing.Furthermore,the scenario analysis method was used to forecast the VOCs emissions of Beijing furniture industry in the future.The results indicated that the VOCs amount emitted from furniture industry paint use was 1.37×10~4 t in 2015,while the key enterprises VOCs emissions accounted for about 29.4%.Two control scenarios were developed to evaluate the potential of VOCs emission reduction.VOCs emissions from furniture industry might be controlled at 1.15×10~4 t through the improvement of paints quality to the medium level of that in developed countries in late 20 th century and installation of waste gas treatment equipments in newly built factories.VOCs emissions could be further reduced to 8.80×10~3 t if the paint quality would be improved to the current advanced level of that in developed countries and all factories would install waste gas treatment equipments.Comparing and analyzing the emission reduction effect of two control measures,improvement of paint quality was the most effective measure.
引文
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[3]王海林,聂磊,李靖,等.重点行业挥发性有机物排放特征与评估分析[J].科学通报,2012,57(19):1739-1746.
[4]陈颖.我国工业源VOCs行业排放特征及未来趋势研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.
[5]聂磊,李靖,王敏燕,等.城市尺度VOCs污染源排放清单编制方法的构建[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(增刊):6-11.
[6]闫雨龙,彭林.山西省人为源VOCs排放清单及其对臭氧生成贡献[J].环境科学,2016,37(11):4086-4093.
[7]栾志强,郝郑平,王喜芹.工业固定源VOCs治理技术分析评估[J].环境科学,2011,32(12):3476-3486.
[8]樊守彬,聂磊,李雪峰.应用EDMS模型建立机场大气污染物排放清单[J].安全与环境学报,2010,10(4):93-96.
[9]刘金凤,赵静,李湉湉,等.我国人为源挥发性有机物排放清单的建立[J].2008,28(6):496-500.
[10]陈颖,叶代启,刘秀珍,等.我国工业源VOCs排放的源头追踪和行业特征研究[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(1):48-55.
[11]吴建,程文,晁娜.浙江人为源VOCs排放清单[J].上海环境科学,2015,34(2):60-66.
[12]黄玉虎,常耀卿,任碧琪,等.北京市1990-2030年加油站汽油VOCs排放清单[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(7):945-951.
[13]北京市环境保护局.北京市VOCs污染治理技术筛选与评估[R].北京:北京市环境保护局,2012.
[14]1999/13/EC,Directive on the limitation of emissions of volatile organic compounds due to the use of organic solvents in certain activities and installations[S].
[15]台湾环境保护署.公私场所固定污染源申报空气污染防制费之挥发性有机物之行业制程排放系数、操作单元(含设备组件)排放系数、控制效率及其他计量规定[R].中国台北:台湾环境保护署,2013.
[16]CTTEPA.Strategy to improve air quality under the clean air for Europe[EB/OL].[2018-01-22].http://www.citepa.org/forums/egtei/egter index.htm.
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