工业测量系统现场精度原位校准装置及方法研究
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摘要
在工业测量过程中,测量仪器的检定通常在实验室内进行,而现场测量环境与实验室环境差别较大,使得实际测量精度常低于其标称精度,导致测量成果理论精度与实际不符。本文以铟钢四面体结构的校准装置作为现场精度评定的参考基准,提出了工业测量系统三维坐标和准直测量精度的校准方法,并设计实验方案,对经纬仪、全站仪和激光跟踪仪测量系统进行现场精度校准,实现了常用工业测量系统现场精度的原位校准。实验结果表明,本文提出的原位校准装置和校准方法,能够有效评估多种测量系统现场应用精度,具有精度高、可靠性强、操作方便等特点。
In the process of industrial surveying, the calibration of measuring instruments is usually carried out in the laboratory, and the environment difference between the field measurement and the laboratory is great, which makes the actual measurement accuracy often lower than its nominal accuracy, resulting in the theoretical accuracy of measurement results does not conform to the actual. In this paper, the calibration device of tetrahedron structure of indium steel is used as the reference datum for evaluation of field measurement accuracy, and the calibration method of three-dimensional coordinate and collimation measurement is presented. The experiment designs to calibrate the field accuracy of theodolite, total station and laser tracker, which realizes the in-situ calibration of common industrial measurement systems. The results show that the in-situ calibration device and calibration method presented in this paper can effectively evaluate the field application accuracy of various measurement systems, and have the advantages of high accuracy, high reliability and convenient operation.
In the process of industrial surveying, the calibration of measuring instruments is usually carried out in the laboratory, and the environment difference between the field measurement and the laboratory is great, which makes the actual measurement accuracy often lower than its nominal accuracy, resulting in the theoretical accuracy of measurement results does not conform to the actual. In this paper, the calibration device of tetrahedron structure of indium steel is used as the reference datum for evaluation of field measurement accuracy, and the calibration method of three-dimensional coordinate and collimation measurement is presented. The experiment designs to calibrate the field accuracy of theodolite, total station and laser tracker, which realizes the in-situ calibration of common industrial measurement systems. The results show that the in-situ calibration device and calibration method presented in this paper can effectively evaluate the field application accuracy of various measurement systems, and have the advantages of high accuracy, high reliability and convenient operation.
引文
[1] 马骊群, 王立鼎, 靳书元等. 工业大尺寸测量仪器的溯源现状及发展趋势[J]. 计测技术, 2006,(6):1～5.Ma Liqun, Wang Liding, Jin Shuyuan et al. Traceability status and development trend of industrial large-scale measuring instruments [J]. Metrology & Measurement Technology, 2006,(6):1～5. (in Chinese)
[2] 张福民, 曲兴华, 戴建芳等. 现场大尺寸测量量值溯源[J]. 天津大学学报, 2008,(10):1167～1171.Zhang Fumin, Qu Xinghua, Dai Jianfang et al. Quantity traceability in large-scale measurement in situ [J]. Journal of Tianjin University, 2008,(10):1167～1171. (in Chinese)
[3] 费业泰, 赵静, 王宏涛等. 三坐标测量机动态误差研究分析[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2004,(S1):773～776.Fei Yetai, Zhao Jing, Wang Hongtao et al. A review of research on dynamic errors of coordinate measuring machines [J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2004,(S1):773～776. (in Chinese)
[4] 李广云, 李宗春. 工业测量系统原理与应用[M]. 北京: 测绘出版社, 2010.Li Guangyun, Li Zongchun. Principle and application of industrial measurement system [M]. Beijing: Surveying and Mapping Press, 2010. (in Chinese)
[5] 董登峰, 周维虎, 纪荣祎等.激光跟踪仪精密跟踪系统的设计[J]. 光学精密工程, 2016,(2):309～318.Dong Dengfeng, Zhou Weihu, Ji Rongyi et al. Design of precise tracking system of laser tracker[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016,(2):309～318. (in Chinese)
[6] 杨凡, 范百兴, 李广云等. 大尺寸高精度三维控制网技术探讨[J]. 测绘科学技术学报, 2015,(2):120～124.Yang Fan, Fan Baixing, Li Guangyun et al. Discussion on precise three-dimensional coordinate control network in field large-space measurement [J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2015,(2):120～124. (in Chinese)
[7] 马俊杰. 三坐标机测量误差浅析[J]. 汽车工艺与材料, 2002,(4):22～25.Ma Junjie. Analysis on measuring error of three coordinate machine [J]. Automobile Technology & Material, 2002,(4):22～25. (in Chinese)
[8] 陈素艳, 闫勇刚, 吕杰. 激光跟踪测量系统的原理及其在机床检测中的应用[J]. 工具技术, 2008,(10):148～150.Chen Suyan, Yan Yonggang, Lu Jie. Principle of laser tracker system and its application in detection of machine tool [J]. Tool Engineering, 2008,(10):148～150. (in Chinese)
[9] 范百兴, 谢孟利, 杨再华等. 工业测量全站仪坐标测量精度检定方法[J]. 测绘科学技术学报, 2015,(3):226～230.Fan Baxing, Xie Mengli, Yang Zaihua et al. Calibration method of industrial total station’s coordinate accuracy measurement [J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2015,(3):226～230. (in Chinese)
[10] 汪冲, 向民志, 吴卓昊. 一种新的全站式扫描仪扫描点位精度分析方法[J]. 测绘科学技术学报, 2018,(1):60～64.Wang Chong, Xiang Minzhi, Wu Zhuohao. A new analysis method for scanning point accuracy of multistation [J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2018,(1):60～64. (in Chinese)
[11] 杨振, 李广云, 黄桂平等. 基于自准直的立方镜姿态测量方法研究[J]. 宇航计测技术, 2010,(2):14～17.Yang Zhen, Li Guangyun, Huang Guiping et al.Research on attitude measurement method of cubic prism based on auto-collimation [J]. Journal of Astronautic Metrology and Measurement, 2010,(2):14～17. (in Chinese)
[12] 覃婕, 文鸿雁, 李超等. 浅谈准直测量技术在工业测量系统中的应用[J]. 地理空间信息, 2012,(1):148～150.Qin Jie, Wen Hongyan, Li Chao et al. Application of collimation measurement technology in industrial measurement system [J]. Geospatial Information, 2012,(1):148～150. (in Chinese)
[13] 王东伟, 姜黎, 陈晓晖等. 电子经纬仪测量系统交会测量误差分析[J]. 宇航计测技术, 2014,(6):4～8.Wang Dongwei, Jiang Li, Chen Xiaohui et al. Analysis of electronic theodolite measurement system on intersection measurement error [J]. Journal of Astronautic Metrology and Measurement, 2014,(6):4～8. (in Chinese)
[2] 张福民, 曲兴华, 戴建芳等. 现场大尺寸测量量值溯源[J]. 天津大学学报, 2008,(10):1167～1171.Zhang Fumin, Qu Xinghua, Dai Jianfang et al. Quantity traceability in large-scale measurement in situ [J]. Journal of Tianjin University, 2008,(10):1167～1171. (in Chinese)
[3] 费业泰, 赵静, 王宏涛等. 三坐标测量机动态误差研究分析[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2004,(S1):773～776.Fei Yetai, Zhao Jing, Wang Hongtao et al. A review of research on dynamic errors of coordinate measuring machines [J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2004,(S1):773～776. (in Chinese)
[4] 李广云, 李宗春. 工业测量系统原理与应用[M]. 北京: 测绘出版社, 2010.Li Guangyun, Li Zongchun. Principle and application of industrial measurement system [M]. Beijing: Surveying and Mapping Press, 2010. (in Chinese)
[5] 董登峰, 周维虎, 纪荣祎等.激光跟踪仪精密跟踪系统的设计[J]. 光学精密工程, 2016,(2):309～318.Dong Dengfeng, Zhou Weihu, Ji Rongyi et al. Design of precise tracking system of laser tracker[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016,(2):309～318. (in Chinese)
[6] 杨凡, 范百兴, 李广云等. 大尺寸高精度三维控制网技术探讨[J]. 测绘科学技术学报, 2015,(2):120～124.Yang Fan, Fan Baixing, Li Guangyun et al. Discussion on precise three-dimensional coordinate control network in field large-space measurement [J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2015,(2):120～124. (in Chinese)
[7] 马俊杰. 三坐标机测量误差浅析[J]. 汽车工艺与材料, 2002,(4):22～25.Ma Junjie. Analysis on measuring error of three coordinate machine [J]. Automobile Technology & Material, 2002,(4):22～25. (in Chinese)
[8] 陈素艳, 闫勇刚, 吕杰. 激光跟踪测量系统的原理及其在机床检测中的应用[J]. 工具技术, 2008,(10):148～150.Chen Suyan, Yan Yonggang, Lu Jie. Principle of laser tracker system and its application in detection of machine tool [J]. Tool Engineering, 2008,(10):148～150. (in Chinese)
[9] 范百兴, 谢孟利, 杨再华等. 工业测量全站仪坐标测量精度检定方法[J]. 测绘科学技术学报, 2015,(3):226～230.Fan Baxing, Xie Mengli, Yang Zaihua et al. Calibration method of industrial total station’s coordinate accuracy measurement [J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2015,(3):226～230. (in Chinese)
[10] 汪冲, 向民志, 吴卓昊. 一种新的全站式扫描仪扫描点位精度分析方法[J]. 测绘科学技术学报, 2018,(1):60～64.Wang Chong, Xiang Minzhi, Wu Zhuohao. A new analysis method for scanning point accuracy of multistation [J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2018,(1):60～64. (in Chinese)
[11] 杨振, 李广云, 黄桂平等. 基于自准直的立方镜姿态测量方法研究[J]. 宇航计测技术, 2010,(2):14～17.Yang Zhen, Li Guangyun, Huang Guiping et al.Research on attitude measurement method of cubic prism based on auto-collimation [J]. Journal of Astronautic Metrology and Measurement, 2010,(2):14～17. (in Chinese)
[12] 覃婕, 文鸿雁, 李超等. 浅谈准直测量技术在工业测量系统中的应用[J]. 地理空间信息, 2012,(1):148～150.Qin Jie, Wen Hongyan, Li Chao et al. Application of collimation measurement technology in industrial measurement system [J]. Geospatial Information, 2012,(1):148～150. (in Chinese)
[13] 王东伟, 姜黎, 陈晓晖等. 电子经纬仪测量系统交会测量误差分析[J]. 宇航计测技术, 2014,(6):4～8.Wang Dongwei, Jiang Li, Chen Xiaohui et al. Analysis of electronic theodolite measurement system on intersection measurement error [J]. Journal of Astronautic Metrology and Measurement, 2014,(6):4～8. (in Chinese)
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