苯并芘(BaP)对鲤鱼肝、肾抗氧化、非特异性免疫能力及组织结构的影响
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摘要
为探究苯并芘(BaP)对鲤鱼的毒性机制,本研究检测了不同浓度BaP(0、0.1、0.5、1.0μg·L~(-1))暴露对鲤鱼肝、肾组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)及非特异性免疫酶溶菌酶(LZM)、酚氧化酶(PO)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性,以及硝基四氮唑兰(NBT)阳性细胞及肝、肾组织结构的影响。结果表明,1.0μg·L~(-1)BaP暴露30 d后,鲤鱼肝、肾组织SOD活性、MDA含量及肝组织CAT、肾组织GSH活性均显著低于对照组;1.0μg·L~(-1)Ba P暴露的肝、肾组织LZM、AKP和PO活性以及肝组织ACP活性均显著低于对照组;不同浓度Ba P暴露30 d后,鲤鱼NBT阳性细胞数均显著下降,且对肝、肾组织造成不同程度的损伤。相关性分析结果表明,Ba P暴露浓度与肝、肾组织的SOD活性呈负相关,与MDA含量呈正相关,与肝、肾组织的AKP、ACP、PO活性呈负相关,与NBT阳性细胞数呈负相关。综上,水体中Ba P暴露对鲤鱼肝、肾抗氧化和非特异性免疫能力及组织结构产生了一定程度的负面影响,本研究为水体中Ba P的生态毒性效应研究提供了理论参考。
To investigate the toxic mechanism of BaP on carp(Cyprinus carpio),the antioxidases(SOD,CAT,GSH)activities,MDA content,and the activities of non-specific immunity enzymes(LZM,PO,AKP,ACP),NBT positive cells and organization structure in liver and kidney of carp exposed to different concentrations of BaP(0,0.1,0.5,1.0μg·L~(-1))for 30 days were studied.The results showed that after exposure for 30 days,SOD activity and MDA content in liver and kidney,CAT activity in liver,and GSH activity in kidney exposed to 1.0μg·L~(-1)of BaP were significantly lower than those in the control group.The activities of LZM,AKP and PO in liver and kidney,and ACP activity in liver exposed to 1.0μg·L~(-1)of BaP were significantly decreased compared with control group.The number of NBT positive cells decreased significantly compared with control group.The liver and kidney tissue were damaged to different degrees.Correlation analysis indicated that the BaP concentration was negatively correlated with SOD activities,was positively correlated with MDA content in liver and kidney,had a negative correlation with the activities of AKP,ACP,PO in liver and kidney,was negatively correlated with the number of NBT positive cells.All above indicated that exposure to BaP in water could negatively affect the antioxidant ability,non-specific immunity function and organization structure in liver and kidney of carp to some extent,which provided the important information for further study of the ecological toxicity of BaP.
To investigate the toxic mechanism of BaP on carp(Cyprinus carpio),the antioxidases(SOD,CAT,GSH)activities,MDA content,and the activities of non-specific immunity enzymes(LZM,PO,AKP,ACP),NBT positive cells and organization structure in liver and kidney of carp exposed to different concentrations of BaP(0,0.1,0.5,1.0μg·L~(-1))for 30 days were studied.The results showed that after exposure for 30 days,SOD activity and MDA content in liver and kidney,CAT activity in liver,and GSH activity in kidney exposed to 1.0μg·L~(-1)of BaP were significantly lower than those in the control group.The activities of LZM,AKP and PO in liver and kidney,and ACP activity in liver exposed to 1.0μg·L~(-1)of BaP were significantly decreased compared with control group.The number of NBT positive cells decreased significantly compared with control group.The liver and kidney tissue were damaged to different degrees.Correlation analysis indicated that the BaP concentration was negatively correlated with SOD activities,was positively correlated with MDA content in liver and kidney,had a negative correlation with the activities of AKP,ACP,PO in liver and kidney,was negatively correlated with the number of NBT positive cells.All above indicated that exposure to BaP in water could negatively affect the antioxidant ability,non-specific immunity function and organization structure in liver and kidney of carp to some extent,which provided the important information for further study of the ecological toxicity of BaP.
引文
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[14]陈剑杰,曹瑾玲,罗永巨,古少鹏.氟对鲤鱼鳃组织免疫相关酶及IL-1β表达影响[J].核农学报,2014,28(6):1092-1098
[15]卜元卿,骆永明,滕应,李振高,刘欣.赤子爱胜蚓谷胱甘肽和丙二醛含量变化指示重金属污染土壤的生态毒性[J].土壤学报,2008,45(4):616-621
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[17]刘睿智,郑榕辉,张纪亮,王重刚.苯并(α)芘、三丁基锡及其混合物对褐菖鲇溶菌酶活力的影响[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2006,45(2):253-256
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[19]陈剑杰,曹谨玲,罗永巨,李巨银.纳米硒对氟胁迫下鲤鱼肝抗氧化功能及组织结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,24(10):2970-2976
[20]吴红松.长期铈喂养对鲤鱼肝胰脏、肾脏抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]核农学报,2017,31(1):201-207
[21]Cao J,Chen J,Xie L,Wang J,Feng C,Song J.Protective properties of sesamin against fluoride-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in kidney of carp(Cyprinus carpio)via JNK signaling pathway[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2015,167:180-189
[22]陈剑杰,曹谨玲,宋杰,李潇.氟对鲤鱼肾抗氧化酶和Na+-K+-ATPase水平的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(5):1030-1035
[23]耿艳艳,谢振飞,周羽,曾宪垠.姜辣素对60Coγ射线照射小鼠造血和抗氧化损伤的治疗作用研究[J].核农学报2012,26(3):523-526
[24]黄周英,王重刚,左正宏,赵扬,陈奕欣.三丁基锡对文蛤鳃的抗氧化酶活性及脂质过氧化的影响[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(10):1408-1413
[25]曹谨玲,陈剑杰,王俊东,罗永巨.氟对鲤鱼脑抗氧化系统及细胞凋亡的影响[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(3):861-866
[26]顾雪飞,陈玉春,刘敏.中草药对鲤鱼非特异性免疫功能的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(8):24-26
[27]Mori K,Nakanishi T,Suzuki T,OoharaⅠ.Defense mechanisms in invertebrates and fish[J].Tanpakushitsu Kakusanoso,1989,34(3):214-223
[28]孙静秋,许燕,张慧绮,叶军强.凡纳滨对虾体内ACP、AKP酶的细胞化学定位[J].复旦学报(自然科学版),2007,46(6):947-951
[29]牟海津,江晓路,刘树青.免疫多糖对栉孔扇贝酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和超氧化物歧化酶活力的影响[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1999,29(3):463-468
[30]周进,宋晓玲,黄倢,王秀华,陈国福.A3a肽聚糖对牙鲆不同组织中超氧化物歧化酶及磷酸酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2004,11(4):296-301
[31]冯涛,魏凤琴,欧阳高亮,洪万树.苯并(α)芘对大弹涂鱼肝细胞超微结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(10):1780-1782
[32]翁朝红,王新红,王淑红.苯并(α)芘暴露引起黑鲷肝、脾、肠组织病理变化[J].集美大学学报(自然科学版),2008,13(4):309-314
[33]Reynaud S,Deschaux P.The effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the immune system of fish:a review[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2006,77(2):229-238
[34]张孝英,尼佳乐,陈承志,杨凯,涂白杰.维生素E拮抗苯并(α)芘对雄性大鼠的肝脏毒性[J].第二军医大学学报,2016,37(6):780-784
[35]李晓燕,余日安,鲁文清,朱建林,梅云华,陈秀娜.苯并芘对小鼠肺细胞的DNA损伤[J].中国公共卫生,2005,21(1):73-84
[2]田蕴,郑天凌,王新红.厦门西港表层海水中多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量、组成及来源[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(1):50-55
[3]周芳,孙成,钟明.我国水体中苯并芘污染的生态风险评价[J].环境与健康杂志,2005,22(3):163-165
[4]贾旭淑.苯并(α)芘暴露对罗非鱼体内主要生物标志物影响的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012
[5]Jiang X,Qiu L,Zhao H,Song Q,Zhou H,Han Q,Diao X.Transcriptomic responses of perna viridis embryo to benzo(a)pyrene exposure elucidated by RNA sequencing[J].Chemosphere,2016,163:125-132
[6]Carlson E A,Li Y,Zelikoff J T.Exposure of Japanese medaka(Oryzias latipes)to benzo(α)pyrene suppresses immune function and host resistance against bacterial challenge[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2002,56(4):289-301
[7]王云,王顺昌,陆剑锋.苯并(α)芘对褐菖肝脏DNA损伤与抗氧活性的影响[J].癌变·畸变·突变,2009,21(4):276-279
[8]Hoffmann J L,Oris J T.Altered gene expression:a mechanism for reproductive toxicity in zebrafish exposed to benzo(α)pyrene[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2006,78(4):332-340
[9]陈奕欣,李钦.苯并(α)芘和芘对梭鱼肝脏DNA损伤的研究[J].海洋学报,2000,22(2):92-96
[10]Kim B M,Rhee J S,Jeong C B,Lee S J,Lee Y S,Choi I Y,SLee J.Effects of benzo(α)pyrene on whole cytochrome P450-involved molecular responses in the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2014,152(7):232-243
[11]Booc F,Thornton C,Lister A,Maclatchy D,Willett K L.Benzo(α)pyrene effects on reproductive endpoints in Fundulus heteroclitus[J].Toxicological Sciences,2014,140(1):73-82
[12]国家环境保护局.GB/T 11607-1989渔业水质标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1989
[13]陈家长,瞿建宏,胡庚东.铬对鲤鱼非特异性免疫功能的影响[J].浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),2002,21(1):13-15
[14]陈剑杰,曹瑾玲,罗永巨,古少鹏.氟对鲤鱼鳃组织免疫相关酶及IL-1β表达影响[J].核农学报,2014,28(6):1092-1098
[15]卜元卿,骆永明,滕应,李振高,刘欣.赤子爱胜蚓谷胱甘肽和丙二醛含量变化指示重金属污染土壤的生态毒性[J].土壤学报,2008,45(4):616-621
[16]向荣,王鼎年.过氧化脂质巴比妥酸分光光度法的改进[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,1990,17(3):241-242
[17]刘睿智,郑榕辉,张纪亮,王重刚.苯并(α)芘、三丁基锡及其混合物对褐菖鲇溶菌酶活力的影响[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2006,45(2):253-256
[18]刘睿智,郑榕辉,王重刚.苯并(α)芘、三丁基锡及其混合物对褐菖鲇酚氧化酶活力的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2007,26(4):305-308
[19]陈剑杰,曹谨玲,罗永巨,李巨银.纳米硒对氟胁迫下鲤鱼肝抗氧化功能及组织结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,24(10):2970-2976
[20]吴红松.长期铈喂养对鲤鱼肝胰脏、肾脏抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]核农学报,2017,31(1):201-207
[21]Cao J,Chen J,Xie L,Wang J,Feng C,Song J.Protective properties of sesamin against fluoride-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in kidney of carp(Cyprinus carpio)via JNK signaling pathway[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2015,167:180-189
[22]陈剑杰,曹谨玲,宋杰,李潇.氟对鲤鱼肾抗氧化酶和Na+-K+-ATPase水平的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(5):1030-1035
[23]耿艳艳,谢振飞,周羽,曾宪垠.姜辣素对60Coγ射线照射小鼠造血和抗氧化损伤的治疗作用研究[J].核农学报2012,26(3):523-526
[24]黄周英,王重刚,左正宏,赵扬,陈奕欣.三丁基锡对文蛤鳃的抗氧化酶活性及脂质过氧化的影响[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(10):1408-1413
[25]曹谨玲,陈剑杰,王俊东,罗永巨.氟对鲤鱼脑抗氧化系统及细胞凋亡的影响[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(3):861-866
[26]顾雪飞,陈玉春,刘敏.中草药对鲤鱼非特异性免疫功能的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(8):24-26
[27]Mori K,Nakanishi T,Suzuki T,OoharaⅠ.Defense mechanisms in invertebrates and fish[J].Tanpakushitsu Kakusanoso,1989,34(3):214-223
[28]孙静秋,许燕,张慧绮,叶军强.凡纳滨对虾体内ACP、AKP酶的细胞化学定位[J].复旦学报(自然科学版),2007,46(6):947-951
[29]牟海津,江晓路,刘树青.免疫多糖对栉孔扇贝酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和超氧化物歧化酶活力的影响[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1999,29(3):463-468
[30]周进,宋晓玲,黄倢,王秀华,陈国福.A3a肽聚糖对牙鲆不同组织中超氧化物歧化酶及磷酸酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2004,11(4):296-301
[31]冯涛,魏凤琴,欧阳高亮,洪万树.苯并(α)芘对大弹涂鱼肝细胞超微结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(10):1780-1782
[32]翁朝红,王新红,王淑红.苯并(α)芘暴露引起黑鲷肝、脾、肠组织病理变化[J].集美大学学报(自然科学版),2008,13(4):309-314
[33]Reynaud S,Deschaux P.The effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the immune system of fish:a review[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2006,77(2):229-238
[34]张孝英,尼佳乐,陈承志,杨凯,涂白杰.维生素E拮抗苯并(α)芘对雄性大鼠的肝脏毒性[J].第二军医大学学报,2016,37(6):780-784
[35]李晓燕,余日安,鲁文清,朱建林,梅云华,陈秀娜.苯并芘对小鼠肺细胞的DNA损伤[J].中国公共卫生,2005,21(1):73-84
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