面向县级国土空间规划的自然资源综合调查与双评价——以延安市延川县为例
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摘要
围绕县级国土空间规划对自然资源与环境问题数据资料的获取与建库、资源环境承载力评价、国土空间开发适宜性评价、国土空间规划优化4个关键问题,以延安市延川县为研究区,提出了基于短板-边际-风险理论的资源环境承载力和基于负面清单的国土空间开发适宜性评价的理论与方法,并以土地斑块为评价单元,完成了延川县的双评价.结果显示:延川县不可接受超载区和容许超载区总面积分别为34.8、42.5 km2,分别占全县国土面积的2.14%、1.75%;水资源经济承载力已处于不可接受承载力状态;国土空间"限制、约束、影响"三级不适宜区总面积为1 262.55 km2,占全县国土空间的66.28%.依据调查和评价结果,对延川县现有"三区三线"及相关国土空间规划进行空间叠置分析、土地功能重新定位以及边界合并、调整与优化,形成了延川县新的"三区三线"边界和全类型国土空间的"一张蓝图",实现了空间上的"多规合一".
In response to four key issues of data acquisition and database construction for natural resources and environmental issues, evaluation of the resource-environmental carrying capacity, suitability evaluation of land spatial development and optimization of land spatial planning for county-level land spatial planning, this paper took Yanchuan County in Yan'an as a research area, proposed theories and methods for an evaluation of its resource-environmental carrying capacity based on the barrel effect-marginal utility-risk theory and suitability evaluation of land spatial development based on the negative list, and completed a double evaluation of Yanchuan County with land patches as the evaluation units based on the former. The results showed that the total amount of the unacceptable over-carrying area and allowable overcarrying area of Yanchuan County was 34.8 and 42.5 km2 respectively, accounting for 2.14% and 1.75%of the land area of the whole county. The water resource economic carrying capacity had been in an unacceptable state. The total area of three-level unsuitable land area of "restriction, restraint and influence" was 1 262.55 km2, accounting for 66.28% of the land area of the whole county. Based on the above investigation and evaluation results, a spatial overlap analysis, land function relocation and boundary consolidation, adjustment and optimization were conducted upon the existing "three lines and three districts" and the related land spatial planning of Yanchuan County. A new "three lines and three districts" boundary and a land spatial "one blueprint" of Yanchuan County were formulated, and thereby the "multiple planning integration" was spatially achieved.
In response to four key issues of data acquisition and database construction for natural resources and environmental issues, evaluation of the resource-environmental carrying capacity, suitability evaluation of land spatial development and optimization of land spatial planning for county-level land spatial planning, this paper took Yanchuan County in Yan'an as a research area, proposed theories and methods for an evaluation of its resource-environmental carrying capacity based on the barrel effect-marginal utility-risk theory and suitability evaluation of land spatial development based on the negative list, and completed a double evaluation of Yanchuan County with land patches as the evaluation units based on the former. The results showed that the total amount of the unacceptable over-carrying area and allowable overcarrying area of Yanchuan County was 34.8 and 42.5 km2 respectively, accounting for 2.14% and 1.75%of the land area of the whole county. The water resource economic carrying capacity had been in an unacceptable state. The total area of three-level unsuitable land area of "restriction, restraint and influence" was 1 262.55 km2, accounting for 66.28% of the land area of the whole county. Based on the above investigation and evaluation results, a spatial overlap analysis, land function relocation and boundary consolidation, adjustment and optimization were conducted upon the existing "three lines and three districts" and the related land spatial planning of Yanchuan County. A new "three lines and three districts" boundary and a land spatial "one blueprint" of Yanchuan County were formulated, and thereby the "multiple planning integration" was spatially achieved.
引文
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[21]邬娜,傅泽强,谢园园,等.基于生态承载力的产业布局优化研究进展述评[J].生态经济, 2015, 31(5):21-25.
[22] Wang Yao, Zhang Mao-sheng, Xue Qiang, et al. Riskbased evaluation on geological environment carrying capacity of mountain city:a case study in Suide County,Shaanxi Province, China[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2018, 15(12):2730-2740.
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[24]龙花楼.论土地整治与乡村空间重构[J].地理学报,2013, 68(8):1019-1028.
[2]黄震方,陆林,苏勤,等.新型城镇化背景下的乡村旅游发展:理论反思与困境突破[J].地理研究, 2015, 34(8):1409-1421.
[3]徐成.多规融合研究综述及发展趋势研究[J].上海国土资源, 2017, 38(3):41-45.
[4]樊杰.我国主体功能区划的科学基础[J].地理学报,2007, 62(4):339-350.
[5]谷树忠,胡咏君,周洪.生态文明建设的科学内涵与基本路径[J].资源科学, 2013, 35(1):2-13.
[6]纪学朋,黄贤金,陈逸,等.基于陆海统筹视角的国土空间开发建设适宜性评价:以辽宁省为例[J].自然资源学报:2019, 34(3):451-463.
[7]何永娇.空间规划视野下的洱海流域土地利用适宜性研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,2018.
[8]谭武,林小凤,马庆荣.基于多要素国土空间开发适宜性评价的动态规划项目选址模型研究:以澄迈县为例[J].测绘标准化, 2018, 34(4):26-30.
[9]汪洋,王力力,祁鹏卫,等.重庆市主体功能区识别的主导因素与空间稳定性约束机理[J].地理学报, 2019,74(1):1-19.
[10]王丽霞,任志远.黄土高原乡村生态建设模式及效应分析:以延川县刘马家圪塔村为例[J].干旱区研究,2004, 21(4):416-420.
[11]郑华,欧阳志云.生态红线的实践与思考[J].中国科学院院刊, 2014, 29(4):457-461, 448.
[12]蒋大林,曹晓峰,匡鸿海,等.生态保护红线及其划定关键问题浅析[J].资源科学, 2015, 37(9):1755-1764.
[13]郑娇玉,邹明亮,杨超,等.兰州市城区生态地质环境承载力空间格局[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2017,53(3):355-361.
[14]岳东霞,杜军,刘俊艳,等.基于RS和转移矩阵的泾河流域生态承载力时空动态评价[J].生态学报, 2011,31(9):2550-2558.
[15]胡晓芬,陈兴鹏,韩杰,等.基于能值分析的汉藏回民族地区环境承载力评价[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2017, 53(2):206-212.
[16] Zhou Xi-yin, Zheng Bing-hui, Khu S T. Validation of the hypothesis on carrying capacity limits using the water environment carrying capacity[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 665:774-784.
[17] Zhou Xi-yin, Lei Kun, Meng Wei, et al. Industrial structural upgrading and spatial optimization based on water environment carrying capacity[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 165:1462-1472.
[18] Li Rui-min, Yin Zhi-qiang, Wang Yi, et al. Geological resources and environmental carrying capacity evaluation review, theory, and practice in China[J]. China Geology, 2018, 1(4):556-565.
[19] Huang Xing, Bai Hua. Risk prediction of rural public security environmental carrying capacity based on the risk entropy[J]. Natural Hazards, 2017, 90(1):157-171.
[20]张茂省,王尧.基于风险的地质环境承载力评价[J].地质通报, 2018, 37(Z1):467-475.
[21]邬娜,傅泽强,谢园园,等.基于生态承载力的产业布局优化研究进展述评[J].生态经济, 2015, 31(5):21-25.
[22] Wang Yao, Zhang Mao-sheng, Xue Qiang, et al. Riskbased evaluation on geological environment carrying capacity of mountain city:a case study in Suide County,Shaanxi Province, China[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2018, 15(12):2730-2740.
[23]保罗·萨缪尔森,威廉·诺德豪斯.微观经济学[M].萧琛,译.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2012.
[24]龙花楼.论土地整治与乡村空间重构[J].地理学报,2013, 68(8):1019-1028.
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