下凹式绿地对降雨径流及其污染物削减作用
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摘要
针对日益严重的城市内涝及降雨径流污染问题,搭建下凹式绿地装置,人工配水模拟地表降雨径流及污染物,通过改变基质种类和结构、不同植被考察下凹式绿地对降雨径流污染物去除效果及对降雨径流的削减效果。结果表明:无植被覆盖情况下,沸石、草炭土分层填装和混合填装处理装置中,4#沸石+土壤混合填装的装置对COD、NH3-N和TP的去除效果最好,分别达到55.61%,99.55%和89.00%;2#沸石+土壤分层装置对径流削减能力最强;种植植被狗牙根和高羊茅后装置对污染物的去除率和径流削减能力明显提升,其中种植高羊茅的装置去除效果较优,对COD、NH3-N和TP的去除率达到66.78%,89.98%和96.92%,径流削减率最高,达到了46.00%。
In response to the growing problem of urban flooding and rainfall runoff pollution,construct a concave green space device,artificial water distribution was used to simulate surface rainfall runoff and pollutants.By changing the matrix type,structure and different vegetation to investigate the effect of the concave green space on the removal of rainfall runoff pollutants and the reduction of rainfall runoff.The results showed that soil mixed with the zeolite filling device without vegetation coverage had the best removal effect on COD,NH3-N and TP than soil mixed with peat filling device and soil with zeolite or peat layered filling device,the removal rate were 55.61%,99.55% and 89.00%;The device with soil and zeolite stratification reflected the strongest ability in reducing runoff.The devices with planting Bermudagrass and Tall fescue has significantly improved on the removal rate of pollutants and the ability to reduce runoff,and the Tall fescue was better,of which the removal rates of COD,NH3-N and TP were 66.78%,89.98% and 96.92%,and the runoff was reduced by 46.00%.
In response to the growing problem of urban flooding and rainfall runoff pollution,construct a concave green space device,artificial water distribution was used to simulate surface rainfall runoff and pollutants.By changing the matrix type,structure and different vegetation to investigate the effect of the concave green space on the removal of rainfall runoff pollutants and the reduction of rainfall runoff.The results showed that soil mixed with the zeolite filling device without vegetation coverage had the best removal effect on COD,NH3-N and TP than soil mixed with peat filling device and soil with zeolite or peat layered filling device,the removal rate were 55.61%,99.55% and 89.00%;The device with soil and zeolite stratification reflected the strongest ability in reducing runoff.The devices with planting Bermudagrass and Tall fescue has significantly improved on the removal rate of pollutants and the ability to reduce runoff,and the Tall fescue was better,of which the removal rates of COD,NH3-N and TP were 66.78%,89.98% and 96.92%,and the runoff was reduced by 46.00%.
引文
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[2]刘文,陈卫平,彭驰.城市雨洪管理低影响开发技术研究与利用进展[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1901-1912.
[3]张金龙,张志政.下凹式绿地蓄渗能力及其影响因素分析[J].节水灌溉,2012(1):44-47.
[4]张超,丁志斌.基于暴雨洪水管理模型的下凹绿地和透水路面模拟研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2014,25(5):185-189.
[5]张晓菊,董文艺.下凹式绿地径流污染控制与径流量消减影响因素分析[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(2):113-117.
[6]王闪,张立秋.下凹式绿地对模拟道路径流中磷削减效果研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(9):119-122.
[7]仇保兴.海绵城市(LID)的内涵、途径与展望[J].给水排水,2015,51(3):1-7.
[8]王红武,毛云峰,高原等.低影响开发(LID)的工程措施及其效果[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(10):99-103.
[9]张彪,谢高地,薛康等.北京城市绿地调蓄雨水径流功能及其价值评估[J].生态学报,2011,31(13):3839-3845.
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[11]程江,杨凯,黄民生,等.下凹式绿地对城市降雨径流污染的削减效应[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(6):611-616.
[12]Ahiablame LM,Engel BA,Chaubey I.Effectiveness of low impact development practices:Literature review and suggestions for future research[J].Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,2012,223:4253-4273.
[13]王忠强,刘婷婷,王升忠,等.泥炭在环境修复中的应用研究概况和展望[J].科技通报,2007(2):277-281.
[14]张思远,王飞.改性泥炭与沸石用于污染水体的脱氮除磷试验研究[J].环境科学与管理,2014,39(11):105-108.
[15]安莹,王志伟,张一帆,等.天然沸石吸附NH3-N的影响因素[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(10):3927-3932.
[16]Zhang M L,Zhang H Y,Xu D,et al.Removal of ammonium from aqueous solutions using zeolitesynthe-sized from fly ash by a fusion method[J].Desalination,2011,271(1-3):111-121.
[17]王鹏飞.城市面源污染岸堤漫流阻控技术研究[D].沈阳:沈阳大学,2014.
[18]李建霜.沸石对生活污水NH3-N处理的研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2014.
[19]孙艳丽,林建伟,黄宏,等.天然沸石同步去除水中NH3-N和磷酸盐[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(8):2470-2476.
[20]乔洁,任秀艳.草炭对设施土壤有机碳、氮及土壤微生物生物量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(5):1777-1780.
[21]张成.下凹式绿地对降雨径流及其污染物削减作用研究[D].苏州:苏州科技学院,2015.
[22]游少鸿,佟小薇,朱义年.天然沸石对NH3-N的吸附作用及其影响因素[J].水资源保护,2010,26(1):70-74.
[23]Hunt W F,Jarrett A R,Smith J T.Optimizing bioretention design to improve denitrification in commercialsite runoff[C]//American Society of Civil Engineers.World Water&Environmental Resources Congress,2003:1-10.
[24]Donald D C,Laura H.An investigation of rain garden planting mixture performance and the implication for design[C]//Proceedings of the 2008International Low Impact Development Conference:Low Impact Development for Urban Ecosystem and Habitat Protection.Washington:Seattle,2008.
[2]刘文,陈卫平,彭驰.城市雨洪管理低影响开发技术研究与利用进展[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1901-1912.
[3]张金龙,张志政.下凹式绿地蓄渗能力及其影响因素分析[J].节水灌溉,2012(1):44-47.
[4]张超,丁志斌.基于暴雨洪水管理模型的下凹绿地和透水路面模拟研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2014,25(5):185-189.
[5]张晓菊,董文艺.下凹式绿地径流污染控制与径流量消减影响因素分析[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(2):113-117.
[6]王闪,张立秋.下凹式绿地对模拟道路径流中磷削减效果研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(9):119-122.
[7]仇保兴.海绵城市(LID)的内涵、途径与展望[J].给水排水,2015,51(3):1-7.
[8]王红武,毛云峰,高原等.低影响开发(LID)的工程措施及其效果[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(10):99-103.
[9]张彪,谢高地,薛康等.北京城市绿地调蓄雨水径流功能及其价值评估[J].生态学报,2011,31(13):3839-3845.
[10]Zhang B,Xie G D,Zhang C Q,et al.The economic benefits of rainwater-runoff reduction by urban green spaces:Acase study in Beijing,China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2012,100:65-71.
[11]程江,杨凯,黄民生,等.下凹式绿地对城市降雨径流污染的削减效应[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(6):611-616.
[12]Ahiablame LM,Engel BA,Chaubey I.Effectiveness of low impact development practices:Literature review and suggestions for future research[J].Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,2012,223:4253-4273.
[13]王忠强,刘婷婷,王升忠,等.泥炭在环境修复中的应用研究概况和展望[J].科技通报,2007(2):277-281.
[14]张思远,王飞.改性泥炭与沸石用于污染水体的脱氮除磷试验研究[J].环境科学与管理,2014,39(11):105-108.
[15]安莹,王志伟,张一帆,等.天然沸石吸附NH3-N的影响因素[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(10):3927-3932.
[16]Zhang M L,Zhang H Y,Xu D,et al.Removal of ammonium from aqueous solutions using zeolitesynthe-sized from fly ash by a fusion method[J].Desalination,2011,271(1-3):111-121.
[17]王鹏飞.城市面源污染岸堤漫流阻控技术研究[D].沈阳:沈阳大学,2014.
[18]李建霜.沸石对生活污水NH3-N处理的研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2014.
[19]孙艳丽,林建伟,黄宏,等.天然沸石同步去除水中NH3-N和磷酸盐[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(8):2470-2476.
[20]乔洁,任秀艳.草炭对设施土壤有机碳、氮及土壤微生物生物量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(5):1777-1780.
[21]张成.下凹式绿地对降雨径流及其污染物削减作用研究[D].苏州:苏州科技学院,2015.
[22]游少鸿,佟小薇,朱义年.天然沸石对NH3-N的吸附作用及其影响因素[J].水资源保护,2010,26(1):70-74.
[23]Hunt W F,Jarrett A R,Smith J T.Optimizing bioretention design to improve denitrification in commercialsite runoff[C]//American Society of Civil Engineers.World Water&Environmental Resources Congress,2003:1-10.
[24]Donald D C,Laura H.An investigation of rain garden planting mixture performance and the implication for design[C]//Proceedings of the 2008International Low Impact Development Conference:Low Impact Development for Urban Ecosystem and Habitat Protection.Washington:Seattle,2008.
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