重庆两江新区低丘缓坡开发建设生态适宜性评价
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摘要
低丘缓坡土地开发建设是协调城镇化和生态保护的重要途径。以重庆两江新区为例,首先界定研究区低丘缓坡土地评价范围,提取低丘缓坡土地面积共为531.66 km~2。然后以生态保护为基本目标,从自然禀赋、区位条件、生态环境3个角度选取10个指标,应用生态适宜度模型建立低丘缓坡土地开发建设生态适宜度等级空间格局。结果表明:(1)低丘缓坡土地开发建设单因子生态适宜性等级差异较大,其中自然禀赋和生态环境的生态适宜度等级以中高等级为主,区位条件的生态适宜度等级以中等级为主。(2)研究区综合生态适宜度等级以中等级为主,以复盛、石船、鱼嘴和龙兴等地为集中适宜开发建设区。(3)通过综合生态适宜度等级与土地利用总体规划数据的叠加分析,将研究区划分为四类建设区。优先开发区面积为80.43 km~2,集中在西部河流两岸附近1000 m和东部槽谷地区;一般开发区面积为157.26 km~2,主要位于西部河流两岸250～350 m地带和铜锣山两侧槽谷地区;限制开发区面积为201.74 km~2,集聚在中部400～450 m台地区;禁止开发区面积为92.22 km~2,以"四山"地区为集中区。研究结果为低丘缓坡土地开发建设过程中经济发展和生态保护"双赢"策略的制定提供科学依据。
Development and construction of gentle hillside land is regarded as an important way to coordinate urbanization and ecological protection. Taking Liangjiang New Area located in Chongqing as a case study, we defined the evaluation range of gentle hillside land in this study, which covers an area of 531.66 km~2. Then, with ecological protection as the basic goal,ten indicators were selected from three perspectives of natural endowment, social condition and ecological environment, and the ecological suitability model was applied to build a spatial pattern for ecological suitability grade of gentle hillside land in the study area. The results were shown as follows:(1) The single-factor ecological suitability grade of development and construction for gentle hillside land differs greatly, among which the natural suitability and ecoenvironment ecological suitability grade were mainly middle-high grade and the location condition ecological suitability grade were mainly medium grade.(2) The comprehensive ecosuitability of the study area was medium grade, with Fusheng, Shijie, Yuzui and Longxing towns as centers for suitable development and construction.(3) Based on comprehensive ecological suitability grade and the land use planning data in Liangjiang New Area by ArcGIS,the study area was divided into four construction areas. The priority development zone covered an area of 80.43 km~2, which was concentrated in the vicinity of 1000 meters on both sides of the western river, and the eastern trough area. Moderate development zone covered an area of157.26 km~2, mainly in the western rivers at an altitude of 250 to 350 m and on both sides of the groove Valley Tongluoshan. The area of the limited development zone was 201.74 km~2, and gathered in the central platform area at an altitude of 400-450 m. The area of the prohibited development zone was 92.22 km~2, with the "four mountains" as a concentrated area. Therefore,our results can provide a scientific basis for the "win-win" strategy of economic development and ecological protection and the reasonable development and construction of gentle hillside land.
Development and construction of gentle hillside land is regarded as an important way to coordinate urbanization and ecological protection. Taking Liangjiang New Area located in Chongqing as a case study, we defined the evaluation range of gentle hillside land in this study, which covers an area of 531.66 km~2. Then, with ecological protection as the basic goal,ten indicators were selected from three perspectives of natural endowment, social condition and ecological environment, and the ecological suitability model was applied to build a spatial pattern for ecological suitability grade of gentle hillside land in the study area. The results were shown as follows:(1) The single-factor ecological suitability grade of development and construction for gentle hillside land differs greatly, among which the natural suitability and ecoenvironment ecological suitability grade were mainly middle-high grade and the location condition ecological suitability grade were mainly medium grade.(2) The comprehensive ecosuitability of the study area was medium grade, with Fusheng, Shijie, Yuzui and Longxing towns as centers for suitable development and construction.(3) Based on comprehensive ecological suitability grade and the land use planning data in Liangjiang New Area by ArcGIS,the study area was divided into four construction areas. The priority development zone covered an area of 80.43 km~2, which was concentrated in the vicinity of 1000 meters on both sides of the western river, and the eastern trough area. Moderate development zone covered an area of157.26 km~2, mainly in the western rivers at an altitude of 250 to 350 m and on both sides of the groove Valley Tongluoshan. The area of the limited development zone was 201.74 km~2, and gathered in the central platform area at an altitude of 400-450 m. The area of the prohibited development zone was 92.22 km~2, with the "four mountains" as a concentrated area. Therefore,our results can provide a scientific basis for the "win-win" strategy of economic development and ecological protection and the reasonable development and construction of gentle hillside land.
引文
[1]李红波,张慧,赵俊三,等.基于元胞生态位适宜度模型的低丘缓坡土地开发建设适宜性评价.中国土地科学,2014,28(6):23-29.[Li Hongbo,Zhang Hui,Zhao Junsan,et al.Evaluation on land suitability for development and construction in low hill and gentle slope area based on CA-Niche-Suitability model.China Land Sciences,2014,28(6):23-29.]
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[4]刘焱序,彭建,韩忆楠,等.基于OWA的低丘缓坡建设开发适宜性评价:以云南大理白族自治州为例.生态学报,2014,34(12):3188-3197.[Liu Yanxu,Peng Jian,Han Yinan,et al.Suitability assessment for building land consolidation on gentle hillside based on OWA operator:A case in Dali Bai Nationality Borough in Yunnan,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(12):3188-3197.]
[5]李健飞,李林,郭泺,等.基于最小累积阻力模型的珠海市生态适宜性评价.应用生态学报,2016,27(1):225-232.[Li Jianfei,Li Lin,Guo Luo,et al.Assessment on the ecological suitability in Zhuhai city,Guangdong,China,based on mini-mum cumulative resistance model.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(1):225-232.]
[6]梁涛,蔡春霞,刘民,等.城市土地的生态适宜性评价方法:以江西萍乡市为例.地理研究,2007,26(4):782-788.[Liang Tao,Cai Chunxia,Liu Min,et al.Study on methodology of ecological suitability assessment of urban land use:An example of Pingxiang.Geographical Research,2007,26(4):782-788.]
[7]吕杰,袁希平,甘淑.低丘缓坡土地资源开发利用战略分析研究.中国农学通报,2013,29(35):225-229.[Lv Jie,Yuan Xiping,Gan Shu.Research on strategy analysis of low-slop hilly land resources development.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(35):225-229.]
[8]谭见安.地理词典.北京:化学工业出版社,2009.[Tan Jian'an.Dictionary of Geography.Beijing:Chemical Indus-try Press,2009.]
[9]焦胜李振民,高青,等.景观连通性理论在城市土地适宜性评价与优化方法中的应用.地理研究,2013,32(4):720-730.[Jiao Sheng,Li Zhenmin,Gao Qing,et al.The application of landscape connectivity theory in urban ecology suitability assessment and optimization.Geographical Research,2013,32(4):720-730.]
[10]朱晓芸.低丘缓坡土地资源开发利用评价研究.杭州:浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.[Zhu Xiaoyun.Evaluation of land resource development in low-slope hilly region.Hangzhou:Master Dissertation of Zhejiang University,2008.]
[11]魏海,秦博,彭建,等.基于GRNN模型与邻域计算的低丘缓坡综合开发适宜性评价:以乌蒙山集中连片特殊困难片区为例.地理研究,2014,33(5):831-841.[Wei Hai,Qin Bo,Peng Jian,et al.Evaluation on comprehensive exploitation suitability of low-slope hilly land based on GRNN model and neighborhood calculation:A case study of Wumeng Mountain continuous poverty-stricken region.Geographical Research,2014,33(5):831-841.]
[12]王旭熙,彭立,苏春江,等.基于景观生态安全格局的低丘缓坡土地资源开发利用:以四川省泸县为例.生态学报,2016,36(12):3646-3654.[Wang Xuxi,Peng Li,Su Chunjiang,et al.Development and utilization of low-slope hilly land resources based on a landscape security pattern theory:A case study in Luxian county,Sichuan province.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(12):3646-3654.]
[13]Grinnell J.The niche-relationships of the California Thrasher.Auk,1917,34(4):427-433.
[14]赵素霞,牛海鹏,张捍卫,等.基于生态位模型的高标准基本农田建设适宜性评价.农业工程学报,2016,32(12):220-228.[Zhao Suxia,Niu Haipeng,Zhang Hanwei,et al.Suitability evaluation on high quality capital farmland consolidation based on ecological suitability model.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(12):220-228.]
[15]秦天天,齐伟,李云强,等.基于生态位的山地农村居民点适宜度评价.生态学报,2012,32(16):5175-5183.[Qin Tiantian,Qi Wei,Li Yunqiang,et al.Suitability evaluation of rural residential land based on niche theory in mountainous area.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(16):5175-5183.]
[16]付清,赵小敏,乐丽红,等.基于GIS和生态位适宜度模型的耕地多适宜性评价.农业工程学报,2009,25(2):208-213.[Fu Qing,Zhao Xiaomin,Le Lihong,et al.Evaluation on multi-suitability of cultivated land based on GIS and ecological suitability model.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2009,25(2):208-213.]
[17]王筱明.生态位适宜度评价模型在退耕还林决策中的应用.农业工程学报,2007,23(8):113-116.[Wang Xiaoming.Application of ecological niche suitability evaluation model to decision-making for converting cultivated land into forests.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(8):113-116.]
[18]Ouyang Z,Jason W,Wang R,et al.Ecological niche suitability model with an application in Taojiang land use planning.Journal of Environment Science,1994,6(4):449-456.
[19]李伟芳,陈阳,马仁锋,等.发展潜力视角的海岸带土地利用模式:以杭州湾南岸为例.地理研究,2016,35(6):1061-1073.[Li Weifang,Chen Yang,Ma Renfeng,et al.Land-use pattern in coastal zone from the perspective of development potentiality:A case study of the southern bank of Hangzhou Bay.Geographical Research,2016,35(6):1061-1073.]
[20]潘卓.基于生态位适宜度的两江新区低丘缓坡土地利用情景模拟研究.重庆:西南大学硕士学位论文,2013.[Pan Zhuo.Research on scenario simulation of gentle hillside land use in Liangjiang new area.Chongqing:Master Dissertation of Southwest University,2013.]
[21]刘焱序,王仰麟,彭建,等.耦合恢复力的林区土地生态适宜性评价:以吉林省汪清县为例.地理学报,2015,70(3):476-487.[Liu Yanxu,Wang Yanglin,Peng Jian,et al.Land ecological suitability assessment for forest coupled with the resilience perspective:A case study in Wangqing county,Jilin province,China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(3):476-487.]
[22]吴健生,钟晓红,彭建,等.基于生态系统服务簇的小尺度区域生态用地功能分类:以重庆两江新区为例.生态学报,2015,35(11):3808-3816.[Wu Jiansheng,Zhong Xiaohong,Peng Jian,et al.Function classification of ecological land in a small area based on ecosystem service bundles:A case study in Liangjiang New Area,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(11):3808-3816.]
[23]郭艳,张成才,康鸳鸯.河南省经济发展的国土空间评价分区研究.地理研究,2015,34(12):2320-2328.[Guo Yan,Zhang Chengcai,Kang Yuanyang.Land assessment division research on economic development in Henan province.Geographical Research,2015,34(12):2320-2328.]
[24]信桂新,杨朝现,杨庆媛,等.用熵权法和改进TOPSIS模型评价高标准基本农田建设后效应.农业工程学报,2017,33(1):238-249.[Xin Guixin,Yang Chaoxian,Yang Qingyuan,et al.Post-evaluation of well-facilitied capital farmland construction based on entropy weight method and improved TOPSIS model.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(1):238-249.]
[2]黄杉,陈前虎,梁影君,等.浙江省开化县城关工业区低丘缓坡开发的评价方法与利用策略.中国土地科学,2009,23(6):31-38.[Huang Shan,Chen Qianhu,Liang Yingjun,et al.Assessment methods and utilization strategies on developing low-slope hilly land in Chengguan industrial district,Kaihua county,Zhejiang province.China Land Sciences,2009,23(6):31-38.]
[3]刘卫东,严伟.经济发达地区低丘缓坡土地资源合理开发利用:以浙江省永康市为例.国土资源科技管理,2007,24(3):1-5.[Liu Weidong,Yan Wei.Mild slope land exploitation of low mountains and hills in developed regions:With Yongkang city as an example.Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources,2007,24(3):1-5.]
[4]刘焱序,彭建,韩忆楠,等.基于OWA的低丘缓坡建设开发适宜性评价:以云南大理白族自治州为例.生态学报,2014,34(12):3188-3197.[Liu Yanxu,Peng Jian,Han Yinan,et al.Suitability assessment for building land consolidation on gentle hillside based on OWA operator:A case in Dali Bai Nationality Borough in Yunnan,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(12):3188-3197.]
[5]李健飞,李林,郭泺,等.基于最小累积阻力模型的珠海市生态适宜性评价.应用生态学报,2016,27(1):225-232.[Li Jianfei,Li Lin,Guo Luo,et al.Assessment on the ecological suitability in Zhuhai city,Guangdong,China,based on mini-mum cumulative resistance model.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(1):225-232.]
[6]梁涛,蔡春霞,刘民,等.城市土地的生态适宜性评价方法:以江西萍乡市为例.地理研究,2007,26(4):782-788.[Liang Tao,Cai Chunxia,Liu Min,et al.Study on methodology of ecological suitability assessment of urban land use:An example of Pingxiang.Geographical Research,2007,26(4):782-788.]
[7]吕杰,袁希平,甘淑.低丘缓坡土地资源开发利用战略分析研究.中国农学通报,2013,29(35):225-229.[Lv Jie,Yuan Xiping,Gan Shu.Research on strategy analysis of low-slop hilly land resources development.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(35):225-229.]
[8]谭见安.地理词典.北京:化学工业出版社,2009.[Tan Jian'an.Dictionary of Geography.Beijing:Chemical Indus-try Press,2009.]
[9]焦胜李振民,高青,等.景观连通性理论在城市土地适宜性评价与优化方法中的应用.地理研究,2013,32(4):720-730.[Jiao Sheng,Li Zhenmin,Gao Qing,et al.The application of landscape connectivity theory in urban ecology suitability assessment and optimization.Geographical Research,2013,32(4):720-730.]
[10]朱晓芸.低丘缓坡土地资源开发利用评价研究.杭州:浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.[Zhu Xiaoyun.Evaluation of land resource development in low-slope hilly region.Hangzhou:Master Dissertation of Zhejiang University,2008.]
[11]魏海,秦博,彭建,等.基于GRNN模型与邻域计算的低丘缓坡综合开发适宜性评价:以乌蒙山集中连片特殊困难片区为例.地理研究,2014,33(5):831-841.[Wei Hai,Qin Bo,Peng Jian,et al.Evaluation on comprehensive exploitation suitability of low-slope hilly land based on GRNN model and neighborhood calculation:A case study of Wumeng Mountain continuous poverty-stricken region.Geographical Research,2014,33(5):831-841.]
[12]王旭熙,彭立,苏春江,等.基于景观生态安全格局的低丘缓坡土地资源开发利用:以四川省泸县为例.生态学报,2016,36(12):3646-3654.[Wang Xuxi,Peng Li,Su Chunjiang,et al.Development and utilization of low-slope hilly land resources based on a landscape security pattern theory:A case study in Luxian county,Sichuan province.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(12):3646-3654.]
[13]Grinnell J.The niche-relationships of the California Thrasher.Auk,1917,34(4):427-433.
[14]赵素霞,牛海鹏,张捍卫,等.基于生态位模型的高标准基本农田建设适宜性评价.农业工程学报,2016,32(12):220-228.[Zhao Suxia,Niu Haipeng,Zhang Hanwei,et al.Suitability evaluation on high quality capital farmland consolidation based on ecological suitability model.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(12):220-228.]
[15]秦天天,齐伟,李云强,等.基于生态位的山地农村居民点适宜度评价.生态学报,2012,32(16):5175-5183.[Qin Tiantian,Qi Wei,Li Yunqiang,et al.Suitability evaluation of rural residential land based on niche theory in mountainous area.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(16):5175-5183.]
[16]付清,赵小敏,乐丽红,等.基于GIS和生态位适宜度模型的耕地多适宜性评价.农业工程学报,2009,25(2):208-213.[Fu Qing,Zhao Xiaomin,Le Lihong,et al.Evaluation on multi-suitability of cultivated land based on GIS and ecological suitability model.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2009,25(2):208-213.]
[17]王筱明.生态位适宜度评价模型在退耕还林决策中的应用.农业工程学报,2007,23(8):113-116.[Wang Xiaoming.Application of ecological niche suitability evaluation model to decision-making for converting cultivated land into forests.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(8):113-116.]
[18]Ouyang Z,Jason W,Wang R,et al.Ecological niche suitability model with an application in Taojiang land use planning.Journal of Environment Science,1994,6(4):449-456.
[19]李伟芳,陈阳,马仁锋,等.发展潜力视角的海岸带土地利用模式:以杭州湾南岸为例.地理研究,2016,35(6):1061-1073.[Li Weifang,Chen Yang,Ma Renfeng,et al.Land-use pattern in coastal zone from the perspective of development potentiality:A case study of the southern bank of Hangzhou Bay.Geographical Research,2016,35(6):1061-1073.]
[20]潘卓.基于生态位适宜度的两江新区低丘缓坡土地利用情景模拟研究.重庆:西南大学硕士学位论文,2013.[Pan Zhuo.Research on scenario simulation of gentle hillside land use in Liangjiang new area.Chongqing:Master Dissertation of Southwest University,2013.]
[21]刘焱序,王仰麟,彭建,等.耦合恢复力的林区土地生态适宜性评价:以吉林省汪清县为例.地理学报,2015,70(3):476-487.[Liu Yanxu,Wang Yanglin,Peng Jian,et al.Land ecological suitability assessment for forest coupled with the resilience perspective:A case study in Wangqing county,Jilin province,China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(3):476-487.]
[22]吴健生,钟晓红,彭建,等.基于生态系统服务簇的小尺度区域生态用地功能分类:以重庆两江新区为例.生态学报,2015,35(11):3808-3816.[Wu Jiansheng,Zhong Xiaohong,Peng Jian,et al.Function classification of ecological land in a small area based on ecosystem service bundles:A case study in Liangjiang New Area,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(11):3808-3816.]
[23]郭艳,张成才,康鸳鸯.河南省经济发展的国土空间评价分区研究.地理研究,2015,34(12):2320-2328.[Guo Yan,Zhang Chengcai,Kang Yuanyang.Land assessment division research on economic development in Henan province.Geographical Research,2015,34(12):2320-2328.]
[24]信桂新,杨朝现,杨庆媛,等.用熵权法和改进TOPSIS模型评价高标准基本农田建设后效应.农业工程学报,2017,33(1):238-249.[Xin Guixin,Yang Chaoxian,Yang Qingyuan,et al.Post-evaluation of well-facilitied capital farmland construction based on entropy weight method and improved TOPSIS model.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(1):238-249.]
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