四川甲基卡矿田花岗岩型锂工业矿体的发现及意义
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摘要
以往都认为四川甲基卡是"伟晶岩型锂辉石矿床",经过2018年的钻探验证,尤其是对甲基卡矿田东南部鸭柯柯矿区ZK801钻孔的详细研究,发现鸭柯柯矿区的锂矿物不只有锂辉石,还有磷锂铝石;矿体不局限在伟晶岩中,也出现在细粒花岗岩中,更常见的是以锂辉石、磷锂铝石和其他造岩矿物(长石、石英、云母等)共同组成近等粒状的或不规则状但总体上矿物粒度达不到伟晶结构,与标准的伟晶岩明显不同。因此,鸭柯柯矿区的工业矿体主要属于花岗岩型而非伟晶岩型;矿体在成因上以交代为主,充填为次;矿石类型以细晶状为主,伟晶状少见;矿石矿物以锂辉石为主,常见磷锂铝石,偶见锂云母;矿化分带不明显,局部出现非常复杂的结构带,如"锂辉石伟晶岩+磷锂铝石锂辉石花岗细晶岩"组成的复式脉和"含磷锂铝石锂辉石细晶花岗岩+石英微斜长石伟晶岩+石英细脉"组成的复式脉。这一非传统矿化类型的发现,弥补了硬岩型锂矿以"伟晶岩型锂辉石"为主导的单打一局面,拓宽了找矿思路,同时也为伟晶岩型矿脉深部寻找大规模的层状稀有金属矿体"地下室"提供了实例。
The Jiajika superlarge Li-polymetal deposits located in western Sichuan province was previously regarded as a pegmatite spodumene deposit.After drilling verification in 2018, especially the detailed study of drill core from the ZK801 drilling in the Yakoko mining area, southeast Jiajika, it is found that the lithium mineral in the Yakoko mining area is not only spodumene, but also amblygonite; ores are not limited to pegmatite, but also appear in fine granite; more common are spodumene, amblygonite and other rock-forming minerals(feldspar, quartz, mica etc.). It is obviously different from the standard pegmatite in the crystalline rocks, which together form near equal grain size or irregular shape, but generally the mineral particle size is not up to the degree of pegmatite. Therefore, the industrial orebodies in Yakoko mining area mainly belong to granite type rather than pegmatite type, the ore body is mainly metasomatic and filling, the ore type is mainly fine crystal, and the pegmatite is rare. The ore mineral is mainly spodumene, and the mineralized zone is not obvious, and there are very complex structural zones in the part, and the ore mineral is mainly composed of spodumene, such as the complex vein composed of "spodumene pegmatite+amblygonite spodumite granite" and "amblygonite-bearing spodumite granite+quartz microplagioclase pegmatite+quartz vein". The discovery of this non-traditional mineralization type makes up for the single-play situation of "pegmatite spodumene" in hard-rock lithium deposits, and widens the thinking of ore prospecting. At the same time, it also provides an example for finding the basement of large-scale layered rare metal orebody in the deep part of pegmatite vein.
The Jiajika superlarge Li-polymetal deposits located in western Sichuan province was previously regarded as a pegmatite spodumene deposit.After drilling verification in 2018, especially the detailed study of drill core from the ZK801 drilling in the Yakoko mining area, southeast Jiajika, it is found that the lithium mineral in the Yakoko mining area is not only spodumene, but also amblygonite; ores are not limited to pegmatite, but also appear in fine granite; more common are spodumene, amblygonite and other rock-forming minerals(feldspar, quartz, mica etc.). It is obviously different from the standard pegmatite in the crystalline rocks, which together form near equal grain size or irregular shape, but generally the mineral particle size is not up to the degree of pegmatite. Therefore, the industrial orebodies in Yakoko mining area mainly belong to granite type rather than pegmatite type, the ore body is mainly metasomatic and filling, the ore type is mainly fine crystal, and the pegmatite is rare. The ore mineral is mainly spodumene, and the mineralized zone is not obvious, and there are very complex structural zones in the part, and the ore mineral is mainly composed of spodumene, such as the complex vein composed of "spodumene pegmatite+amblygonite spodumite granite" and "amblygonite-bearing spodumite granite+quartz microplagioclase pegmatite+quartz vein". The discovery of this non-traditional mineralization type makes up for the single-play situation of "pegmatite spodumene" in hard-rock lithium deposits, and widens the thinking of ore prospecting. At the same time, it also provides an example for finding the basement of large-scale layered rare metal orebody in the deep part of pegmatite vein.
引文
Liu Lijun,Fu Xiaofang,Wang Denghong,Hao Xuefeng,Yuan Linping,Pan Meng.2015.Geological characteristics and metallogeny of Jiajika-style rare metal deposits.Mineral Deposits,34(6):1187～1198 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Lijun,Wang Denghong,Yang Yueqing,Fu Xiaofang,Hao Xuefeng,Pan Meng,Tang Yi,Chen Zhenyu.2016.Journal of Guilin University of Technology,36(1):50～59 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Chenghui,Yang Yueqing,Wang Denghong,Sun Yan,Chen Zhenyu,Xie Guogang,Fan Xiujun.2018.Discovery of amblygonite and Li-Be-Sn-Ta minerals in the Jiulingarea,Jiangxi Province.Rock and Mineral Analysis,37(1):108～110 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,Chen Yuchuan,Xu Zhigang,Sheng Jifu,Zhu Mingyu,Liu Xifang,Zhang Changqing,Wang Chenghui,Wang Yonglei.2013a.Prediction type of mineral resources and its application in the assessment work of mineral resources potential.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),43(4):1092～1099 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,Fu Xiaofang.2013b.Breakthroughs in periphery prospecting for lithium ore in the Jiajika,Sichuan.Rock and Mineral Analysis,32(6):987 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,Liu Lijun,Hou Jianglong,Dai Hongzhang,Yu Yang,Dai Jingjing,Tian Shihong.2017.A preliminary review of the application of “Five levels+Basement” model for Jiajika-style rare metal deposits.Earth Science Frontiers,24(5):1～7 (in Chinese with English abstract).
刘丽君,付小方,王登红,郝雪峰,袁蔺平,潘蒙.2015.甲基卡式稀有金属矿床的地质特征与成矿规律.矿床地质,34(6):1187～1198.
刘丽君,王登红,杨岳清,付小方,郝雪峰,潘蒙,唐屹,陈振宇.2016.四川甲基卡新三号稀有金属矿脉成矿特征的初步研究.桂林理工大学学报,36(1):50～59.
王成辉,杨岳清,王登红,孙艳,陈振宇,谢国刚,凡秀君.2018.江西九岭地区三稀调查发现磷锂铝石等锂铍锡钽矿物.岩矿测试,37(1):108～110.
王登红,陈毓川,徐志刚,盛继福,朱明玉,刘喜方,张长青,王成辉,王永磊.2013a.矿产预测类型及其在矿产资源潜力评价中的运用.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),43(4):1092～1099.
王登红,付小方.2013b.四川甲基卡外围锂矿找矿取得突破.岩矿测试,32(6):987.
王登红,刘丽君,侯江龙,代鸿章,于扬,代晶晶,田世洪.2017.初论甲基卡式稀有金属矿床“五层楼+地下室”勘查模型.地学前缘,24(5):1～7.
? 中国地质科学院地质矿产所稀有组.1978.我国稀有稀土金属矿床地质特征及找矿方向.
? 唐国凡,吴盛先.1984.四川康定县甲基卡花岗伟晶岩锂矿床地质研究报告.
? 四川省地质矿产勘查开发局区域地质调查大队.2014.四川省雅江县德扯弄锂矿勘探地质报告.
Liu Lijun,Wang Denghong,Yang Yueqing,Fu Xiaofang,Hao Xuefeng,Pan Meng,Tang Yi,Chen Zhenyu.2016.Journal of Guilin University of Technology,36(1):50～59 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Chenghui,Yang Yueqing,Wang Denghong,Sun Yan,Chen Zhenyu,Xie Guogang,Fan Xiujun.2018.Discovery of amblygonite and Li-Be-Sn-Ta minerals in the Jiulingarea,Jiangxi Province.Rock and Mineral Analysis,37(1):108～110 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,Chen Yuchuan,Xu Zhigang,Sheng Jifu,Zhu Mingyu,Liu Xifang,Zhang Changqing,Wang Chenghui,Wang Yonglei.2013a.Prediction type of mineral resources and its application in the assessment work of mineral resources potential.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),43(4):1092～1099 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,Fu Xiaofang.2013b.Breakthroughs in periphery prospecting for lithium ore in the Jiajika,Sichuan.Rock and Mineral Analysis,32(6):987 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,Liu Lijun,Hou Jianglong,Dai Hongzhang,Yu Yang,Dai Jingjing,Tian Shihong.2017.A preliminary review of the application of “Five levels+Basement” model for Jiajika-style rare metal deposits.Earth Science Frontiers,24(5):1～7 (in Chinese with English abstract).
刘丽君,付小方,王登红,郝雪峰,袁蔺平,潘蒙.2015.甲基卡式稀有金属矿床的地质特征与成矿规律.矿床地质,34(6):1187～1198.
刘丽君,王登红,杨岳清,付小方,郝雪峰,潘蒙,唐屹,陈振宇.2016.四川甲基卡新三号稀有金属矿脉成矿特征的初步研究.桂林理工大学学报,36(1):50～59.
王成辉,杨岳清,王登红,孙艳,陈振宇,谢国刚,凡秀君.2018.江西九岭地区三稀调查发现磷锂铝石等锂铍锡钽矿物.岩矿测试,37(1):108～110.
王登红,陈毓川,徐志刚,盛继福,朱明玉,刘喜方,张长青,王成辉,王永磊.2013a.矿产预测类型及其在矿产资源潜力评价中的运用.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),43(4):1092～1099.
王登红,付小方.2013b.四川甲基卡外围锂矿找矿取得突破.岩矿测试,32(6):987.
王登红,刘丽君,侯江龙,代鸿章,于扬,代晶晶,田世洪.2017.初论甲基卡式稀有金属矿床“五层楼+地下室”勘查模型.地学前缘,24(5):1～7.
? 中国地质科学院地质矿产所稀有组.1978.我国稀有稀土金属矿床地质特征及找矿方向.
? 唐国凡,吴盛先.1984.四川康定县甲基卡花岗伟晶岩锂矿床地质研究报告.
? 四川省地质矿产勘查开发局区域地质调查大队.2014.四川省雅江县德扯弄锂矿勘探地质报告.
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