基于生态系统服务供需关系的农业生态管理分区
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摘要
生态系统服务是人类赖以生存和发展的基础,厘清生态系统服务供给与需求的关系并对其分区管控有助于提升人类福祉。本文针对如何表征农业生态系统服务供需状态及其空间异质性问题,采用基于LUCC的生态系统服务矩阵,构建供需匹配度和供需协调度2个指标,并对2015年河北省曲周县村级行政单元农业生态系统服务状态和可持续能力进行评判;运用局部空间自相关分析,以局部空间集聚特征为依据,通过空间叠加产生的组合类型划分曲周县的农业生态管理区,并提出针对分区的管理措施。研究结果表明:①供需匹配度和供需协调度指标能实现区域内农业生态系统服务的整体评价,且具有可应用性和普适性。②2015年曲周县生态系统服务供需匹配度和协调度空间差异明显。区域供需匹配度为1.0647,处于一般均衡等级,表明2015年曲周县生态系统服务供需处于均衡状态;区域供需协调度为0.8977,处于良好协调状态,表明区域生态系统服务可持续能力较高。③将曲周县339个村级行政单元划分为4个一级生态管理区和12个二级生态管理亚区。提出的管理措施如下:生态保育区实施严格保护,禁止大规模建设;生态培育区实施综合保护,提升投产效益;生态改良区实施综合改良,促使生态环境转好;生态重构区实施整体生态整治和针对性生态重构。该研究结果可为区域的生态系统服务精细化管理、差异化保护提供思路。
Ecosystem services are the basis for human survival and development. Clarifying the relationship between supply and demand of ecosystem services and applying differentiated management and control can contribute to human well-being. This research aimed at characterizing the relationship between supply and demand of agroecosystem services and their spatial heterogeneity. It used ecosystem service matrix based on land use and cover change data to obtain ecosystem service capability in different spaces. Two indices—supply and demand matching degree and coordination degree—were formulated to evaluate the agroecosystem service status and sustainability of administrative village units in Quzhou County in 2015. Based on the characteristics of local spatial agglomeration, the agroecosystem management areas of Quzhou County were divided, and the management measures for the districts were put forward by using local spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results show that:(1) Supply and demand matching degree and coordination degree can realize the overall evaluation of natural resources in the region.(2) The spatial differences of the supply and demand matching degree and coordination degree of agroecosystem services in Quzhou County in 2015 were obvious. The matching degree of Quzhou County was 1.0647, which was at the general equilibrium level, indicating that the supply and demand of agroecosystem services was in an equilibrium state. The coordination degree of Quzhou County was 0.8977, which was in a state of good coordination, indicating that the sustainability of regional ecosystem services was high.(3) The 339 administrative village units in Quzhou County can be divided into four primary agroecological management areas and 12 secondary agroecological management subareas. Differential management measures are proposed for the ecological areas: Ecological conservation area shall be protected strictly and large-scale construction is prohibited. Ecological protection area shall be protected comprehensively to improve production efficiency. Ecological improvement area should implement comprehensive improvement measures in order to improve the ecosystem. Ecological reconstruction area should implement overall ecological rehabilitation and targeted ecological reconstruction. This study can provide some references for the fine management and differential protection of regional ecosystem services.
Ecosystem services are the basis for human survival and development. Clarifying the relationship between supply and demand of ecosystem services and applying differentiated management and control can contribute to human well-being. This research aimed at characterizing the relationship between supply and demand of agroecosystem services and their spatial heterogeneity. It used ecosystem service matrix based on land use and cover change data to obtain ecosystem service capability in different spaces. Two indices—supply and demand matching degree and coordination degree—were formulated to evaluate the agroecosystem service status and sustainability of administrative village units in Quzhou County in 2015. Based on the characteristics of local spatial agglomeration, the agroecosystem management areas of Quzhou County were divided, and the management measures for the districts were put forward by using local spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results show that:(1) Supply and demand matching degree and coordination degree can realize the overall evaluation of natural resources in the region.(2) The spatial differences of the supply and demand matching degree and coordination degree of agroecosystem services in Quzhou County in 2015 were obvious. The matching degree of Quzhou County was 1.0647, which was at the general equilibrium level, indicating that the supply and demand of agroecosystem services was in an equilibrium state. The coordination degree of Quzhou County was 0.8977, which was in a state of good coordination, indicating that the sustainability of regional ecosystem services was high.(3) The 339 administrative village units in Quzhou County can be divided into four primary agroecological management areas and 12 secondary agroecological management subareas. Differential management measures are proposed for the ecological areas: Ecological conservation area shall be protected strictly and large-scale construction is prohibited. Ecological protection area shall be protected comprehensively to improve production efficiency. Ecological improvement area should implement comprehensive improvement measures in order to improve the ecosystem. Ecological reconstruction area should implement overall ecological rehabilitation and targeted ecological reconstruction. This study can provide some references for the fine management and differential protection of regional ecosystem services.
引文
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