农牧交错区小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)人工灌木林土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征
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摘要
研究小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)人工灌木林土壤化学计量特征,有助于阐明林下土壤养分分配及限制因素,为人工灌-草生态系统物质平衡和稳定维持提供理论依据。以内蒙古中部农牧交错区天然草地为对照(CK),比较相同林龄不同密度人工小叶锦鸡儿灌木林下0～50 cm土层土壤有机碳、总氮和总磷含量及其化学计量特征。结果表明(1)与天然草地相同,小叶锦鸡儿人工灌木林土壤SOC和TN在0～5 cm出现明显地"表聚性",且随着土壤深度的增加逐渐降低。(2)该研究区土壤释放P素能力较强且含量相对稳定,但C素和N素含量总体偏低;其间,C/P受控于土壤SOC含量,N/P受控于TN含量,C/N受林分密度影响较小,相对稳定。(3)在土壤养分平衡过程中,该地区低密度林(1200棵hm-2)各土层C、N、P含量均显著高于中、高密度林,促进了土壤C素和N素的积累与循环,有助于改善土壤环境。
Learning the stoichiometric characteristics of soil carbon(C), nitrogen(N), and phosphorus(P) would help to know soil nutrient allocations and their limiting factors and would provide theoretical foundation for the material balance and stabilization in the artificial shrub-grass ecosystem. Taking the natural pasture as control(CK), we analyzed the contents of soil C, N, P and their stoichiometric ratios in Caragana microphylla with different densities at0-50 cm soil depth in the interlocked agro-pasturing area of central Inner Mongolia. Compared with CK, the contents of soil nutrients in the test sites decreased with soil depths. Soil total P(TP) was relatively stable and the capability of soil releasing P was strong, while the contents of soil organic C(SOC) and total N(TN) were deficient. In addition, there were linear relationships among the contents of SOC, TN, TP and their stoichiometric ratios in the test sites with different densities of Caragana microphylla. The ratios of C/P and N/P were controlled by the contents of SOC and TN, respectively. The 1200 plants hm-2 of planting density was the most appropriate, with the high contents of SOC, TN and TP, which promoted the accumulation and turnover of soil C and N.
Learning the stoichiometric characteristics of soil carbon(C), nitrogen(N), and phosphorus(P) would help to know soil nutrient allocations and their limiting factors and would provide theoretical foundation for the material balance and stabilization in the artificial shrub-grass ecosystem. Taking the natural pasture as control(CK), we analyzed the contents of soil C, N, P and their stoichiometric ratios in Caragana microphylla with different densities at0-50 cm soil depth in the interlocked agro-pasturing area of central Inner Mongolia. Compared with CK, the contents of soil nutrients in the test sites decreased with soil depths. Soil total P(TP) was relatively stable and the capability of soil releasing P was strong, while the contents of soil organic C(SOC) and total N(TN) were deficient. In addition, there were linear relationships among the contents of SOC, TN, TP and their stoichiometric ratios in the test sites with different densities of Caragana microphylla. The ratios of C/P and N/P were controlled by the contents of SOC and TN, respectively. The 1200 plants hm-2 of planting density was the most appropriate, with the high contents of SOC, TN and TP, which promoted the accumulation and turnover of soil C and N.
引文
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[11]刘进辉,王雪芹,马洋.沙漠绿洲过渡带柽柳灌丛沙堆-丘间地系统土壤养分空间异质性[J].生态学报, 2016, 36(4):979-990.
[12]邵英男,刘延坤,李云红,等.不同林分密度长白落叶松人工林土壤养分特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报, 2017, 37(9):27-31.
[13]刘骏,杨清培,余定坤,等.细根对竹林—阔叶林界面两侧土壤养分异质性形成的贡献[J].植物生态学报, 2013, 37(8):739-749.
[14]温仲明,焦峰,刘宝元,等.黄土高原森林草原区退耕地植被自然恢复与土壤养分变化[J].应用生态学报, 2005, 16(11):2025-2029.
[15]黄菊莹,赖荣生,余海龙,等. N添加对宁夏荒漠草原植物和土壤C:N:P生态化学计量特征的影响[J].生态学杂志, 2013, 32(11):2850-2856.
[16]李从娟,雷加强,徐新文,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工植被及土壤CNP的化学计量特征[J].生态学报, 2013, 33(18):5760-5767.
[17]牛西午.柠条研究[M].北京:科学出版社, 2003.
[18]周伶,上官铁梁,郭东罡,等.晋、陕、宁、蒙柠条锦鸡儿群落物种多样性对放牧干扰和气象因子的响应[J].生态学报, 2012, 32(1):0111-0122.
[19]安韶山,黄懿梅.黄土丘陵区柠条林改良土壤作用的研究[J].林业科学, 2006, 42(1):70-74.
[20]刘任涛,柴永青,徐坤,等.荒漠草原区柠条人工固沙林生长过程中地表植被-土壤的变化[J].应用生态学报, 2012, 23(11):2955-2960.
[21]李少华,王学会,包岩峰.高寒沙区人工柠条林对土壤养分影响的时效性[J].东北林业大学学报, 2015, 43(11):70-74.
[22]赵荣玮,张建军,李玉婷,等.晋西黄土区人工林地土壤水分特征及其对降雨的响应[J].水土保持学报, 2016, 30(1):178-183.
[23]杨阳,刘秉儒,宋乃平,等.人工柠条灌丛密度对荒漠草原土壤养分空间分布的影响[J].草业学报, 2014, 23(5):107-115.
[24]舒维花,蒋齐,王占军,等.宁夏盐池沙地不同密度人工柠条林对土壤微生物的影响[J].宁夏大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 33(2):205-209.
[25]杨阳,刘秉儒,杨新国,等.荒漠草原中不同密度人工柠条灌丛土壤化学计量特征[J].水土保持通报, 2014, 34(5):67-73.
[26] Tian H Q, Chen G S, Zhang C, et al. Pattern and variation of C:N:P ratios in China's soils:a synthesis of observational data[J].Biogeochemistry, 2010, 98(1/3):139-151.
[27]李琪,薛兴权,赵文武,等.降水梯度序列下柠条林地土壤养分的空间变异[J].地球与环境, 2016, 44(4):398-405.
[28]刘兴诏,周国逸,张德强,等.南亚热带森林不同演替阶段植物与土壤中N, P的化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报, 2010, 34(1):64-71.
[29]刘增文,李雅素.黄土丘陵区柠条林地养分状况及其循环规律[J].生态学杂志, 1997, 16(6):27-29.
[30]徐荣.宁夏河东沙地不同密度柠条灌丛草地水分与群落特征的研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院畜牧研究所, 2004.
[31]王晶苑,张心昱,温学发,等.氮沉降对森林土壤有机质和凋落物分解的影响及其微生物学机制[J].生态学报, 2013, 33(5):1337-1346.
[32] CLEVELAND CC, LIPTZIN DC:N:P stoichiometry in soil:is there a"Redfield ratio"for the microbial biomass?[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2007,85:235-252.
[33]朱秋莲,邢肖毅,张宏,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被区土壤生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报, 2013, 33(15):4674-4682.
[34]贾宇,徐炳成,李风民,等.半干旱黄土氏陵区首拾人工草地土壤磷素有效性及对生产力的响应[J].生态学报, 2011, 18(5):166-170.
[35] GUSEWELL S, KOERSELMAN W, VERHOEVEN JT A. Biomass N:P ratios as indicators of nutrient limitation for plant populations in wetlands[J]. Ecological Applications, 2003, 13(2):372-384.
[36]刘作云,杨宁.紫色土丘陵坡地不同恢复阶段土壤生态化学计量特征[J].中国农学通报, 2015, 31(18):163-167.
[2]贺金生,韩兴国.生态化学计量学:探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论[J].植物生态学报, 2010, 34(1):2-6.
[3] ELSER J J, STERNER R W, GOROKHOVA E, et al. Biological stoichiometry from genes to ecosystems[J]. Ecology Letters, 2000, 3(6):540-550.
[4] WANG X D. MA X X. YAN Y. Effects of soil C:N:P stoichiometry on biomass allocation in the alpine and arid steppe systems[J].Ecology and Evolution, 2017, 7:1354-1362.
[5]张丽霞,白永飞,韩兴国. N:P化学计量学在生态学研究中的应用(英文)[J].植物学报, 2003, 45(9):1009-1018.
[6]尹秋龙,寇萌,焦菊英,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植物群落的土壤养分及其化学计量特征[J].水土保持通报, 2017, 37(1):62-66.
[7]赵护兵.黄土丘陵沟壑区安塞纸坊沟流域生态恢复过程中养分演变特征研究[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学, 2004.
[8]陈凯.黄土高原不同乔灌树种人工纯林生态系统的养分循环研究[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学, 2011.
[9]安韶山.黄土丘陵区土壤肥力质量对植被恢复的响应及其演变[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学, 2004.
[10]陶冶,吴甘霖,刘耀斌,等.古尔班通古特沙漠典型灌木群落土壤化学计量特征及其影响因素[J].中国沙漠, 2017, 37(2):305-314.
[11]刘进辉,王雪芹,马洋.沙漠绿洲过渡带柽柳灌丛沙堆-丘间地系统土壤养分空间异质性[J].生态学报, 2016, 36(4):979-990.
[12]邵英男,刘延坤,李云红,等.不同林分密度长白落叶松人工林土壤养分特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报, 2017, 37(9):27-31.
[13]刘骏,杨清培,余定坤,等.细根对竹林—阔叶林界面两侧土壤养分异质性形成的贡献[J].植物生态学报, 2013, 37(8):739-749.
[14]温仲明,焦峰,刘宝元,等.黄土高原森林草原区退耕地植被自然恢复与土壤养分变化[J].应用生态学报, 2005, 16(11):2025-2029.
[15]黄菊莹,赖荣生,余海龙,等. N添加对宁夏荒漠草原植物和土壤C:N:P生态化学计量特征的影响[J].生态学杂志, 2013, 32(11):2850-2856.
[16]李从娟,雷加强,徐新文,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工植被及土壤CNP的化学计量特征[J].生态学报, 2013, 33(18):5760-5767.
[17]牛西午.柠条研究[M].北京:科学出版社, 2003.
[18]周伶,上官铁梁,郭东罡,等.晋、陕、宁、蒙柠条锦鸡儿群落物种多样性对放牧干扰和气象因子的响应[J].生态学报, 2012, 32(1):0111-0122.
[19]安韶山,黄懿梅.黄土丘陵区柠条林改良土壤作用的研究[J].林业科学, 2006, 42(1):70-74.
[20]刘任涛,柴永青,徐坤,等.荒漠草原区柠条人工固沙林生长过程中地表植被-土壤的变化[J].应用生态学报, 2012, 23(11):2955-2960.
[21]李少华,王学会,包岩峰.高寒沙区人工柠条林对土壤养分影响的时效性[J].东北林业大学学报, 2015, 43(11):70-74.
[22]赵荣玮,张建军,李玉婷,等.晋西黄土区人工林地土壤水分特征及其对降雨的响应[J].水土保持学报, 2016, 30(1):178-183.
[23]杨阳,刘秉儒,宋乃平,等.人工柠条灌丛密度对荒漠草原土壤养分空间分布的影响[J].草业学报, 2014, 23(5):107-115.
[24]舒维花,蒋齐,王占军,等.宁夏盐池沙地不同密度人工柠条林对土壤微生物的影响[J].宁夏大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 33(2):205-209.
[25]杨阳,刘秉儒,杨新国,等.荒漠草原中不同密度人工柠条灌丛土壤化学计量特征[J].水土保持通报, 2014, 34(5):67-73.
[26] Tian H Q, Chen G S, Zhang C, et al. Pattern and variation of C:N:P ratios in China's soils:a synthesis of observational data[J].Biogeochemistry, 2010, 98(1/3):139-151.
[27]李琪,薛兴权,赵文武,等.降水梯度序列下柠条林地土壤养分的空间变异[J].地球与环境, 2016, 44(4):398-405.
[28]刘兴诏,周国逸,张德强,等.南亚热带森林不同演替阶段植物与土壤中N, P的化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报, 2010, 34(1):64-71.
[29]刘增文,李雅素.黄土丘陵区柠条林地养分状况及其循环规律[J].生态学杂志, 1997, 16(6):27-29.
[30]徐荣.宁夏河东沙地不同密度柠条灌丛草地水分与群落特征的研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院畜牧研究所, 2004.
[31]王晶苑,张心昱,温学发,等.氮沉降对森林土壤有机质和凋落物分解的影响及其微生物学机制[J].生态学报, 2013, 33(5):1337-1346.
[32] CLEVELAND CC, LIPTZIN DC:N:P stoichiometry in soil:is there a"Redfield ratio"for the microbial biomass?[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2007,85:235-252.
[33]朱秋莲,邢肖毅,张宏,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被区土壤生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报, 2013, 33(15):4674-4682.
[34]贾宇,徐炳成,李风民,等.半干旱黄土氏陵区首拾人工草地土壤磷素有效性及对生产力的响应[J].生态学报, 2011, 18(5):166-170.
[35] GUSEWELL S, KOERSELMAN W, VERHOEVEN JT A. Biomass N:P ratios as indicators of nutrient limitation for plant populations in wetlands[J]. Ecological Applications, 2003, 13(2):372-384.
[36]刘作云,杨宁.紫色土丘陵坡地不同恢复阶段土壤生态化学计量特征[J].中国农学通报, 2015, 31(18):163-167.
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