大尺寸高精度锥轴工件精加工过程检测及补偿方法研究
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摘要
针对大尺寸高精度锥轴类工件加工成本高、一次尺寸合格率低,传统检具需反复装卡工件,不能用于加工过程的检测等问题,对高精度锥轴类工件锥度的精加工过程检具及其补偿方法进行了研究。以某大型矿机锥度主轴及用于加工的大型卧式车床为研究对象,根据锥度的计算原理,建立了用于表征锥轴工件锥度和圆跳动的量化分析模型。在此基础上,综合考虑锥度主轴精加工工艺系统、精加工过程测量和补偿方法,结合卧式车床的结构特点,设计了可用于精加工过程中锥度和圆跳动尺寸测量的专用检具,给出了相应的过程测量和补偿方法,并将其应用于某大型矿机主轴的精加工过程。研究表明:该装置可方便地应用于大型锥轴类工件的精加工过程,可准确测量出精加工过程的锥度和圆跳动偏差,并直观地显现出补偿量大小及位置,有效提高了大型锥轴类工件精加工尺寸合格率。从而为大尺寸锥轴类工件的批量加工提供了技术保障。
Effective process measurement and compensation is one of most important means to improve the qualification rate of finishing machining for large precision parts. Aiming at high processing cost and low size qualification rate problems of large size and high-precision taper shaft parts,as well as traditional inspection tools need repeated clamping parts,which cannot be used for machining process detection,a measuring tool for taper which can be used in finishing process of high precision taper shaft parts were studied in this paper. Taking the taper spindle of a large mining machine and the large horizontal lathe used in processing as the research object,according to the calculation principle of the taper,a quantitative analysis model is established to characterize the taper and round jump of the cone shaft parts. On this basis,considering the machining process system of the taper spindle,the measurement and compensation method of the finishing process,and combining the structural characteristics of the horizontal lathe,a special inspection tool which can be used to measure the taper and round jump size in the process of fine machining is designed,and the corresponding method of process measurement and compensation is given,and it is applied to a large scale. The finishing process of the spindle of the type mining machine. The research shows that the device can be conveniently applied to the finishing process of large conical shaft parts. It can accurately measure the taper and Circular Runout deviation of the finishing process,the size and position of the compensation amount are also intuitively show. It effectively improves the qualified rate of the precision machining dimension of the large cone shaft parts. It provides technical guarantee for batch processing of large size conical shaft parts.
Effective process measurement and compensation is one of most important means to improve the qualification rate of finishing machining for large precision parts. Aiming at high processing cost and low size qualification rate problems of large size and high-precision taper shaft parts,as well as traditional inspection tools need repeated clamping parts,which cannot be used for machining process detection,a measuring tool for taper which can be used in finishing process of high precision taper shaft parts were studied in this paper. Taking the taper spindle of a large mining machine and the large horizontal lathe used in processing as the research object,according to the calculation principle of the taper,a quantitative analysis model is established to characterize the taper and round jump of the cone shaft parts. On this basis,considering the machining process system of the taper spindle,the measurement and compensation method of the finishing process,and combining the structural characteristics of the horizontal lathe,a special inspection tool which can be used to measure the taper and round jump size in the process of fine machining is designed,and the corresponding method of process measurement and compensation is given,and it is applied to a large scale. The finishing process of the spindle of the type mining machine. The research shows that the device can be conveniently applied to the finishing process of large conical shaft parts. It can accurately measure the taper and Circular Runout deviation of the finishing process,the size and position of the compensation amount are also intuitively show. It effectively improves the qualified rate of the precision machining dimension of the large cone shaft parts. It provides technical guarantee for batch processing of large size conical shaft parts.
引文
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[3]Ni Jun. A perspective review of CNC machine accuracy enhancement through real-time error compensation[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,1997,8(1):29-33.
[4]Lian R J. A grey prediction fuzzy controller for constant cutting force in turning[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2005(45):1047-1056.
[5]李启建.万能锥度检具的设计及应用[J].机械制造,2006(10):68.
[6]鲜光远,朱津平.锥度尺寸测量专用检具[J].金属加工:冷加工,2012(8):65-66.
[7]卢才富.测锥体锥度及大小头交点尺寸的专用检具[J].机械工人:冷加工,1998(2):21.
[8]王晶.轴类零件加工工艺过程分析[J].科技创新导报,2010(35):122-123.
[9]范开国,杨建国,姚晓栋,等.基于牛顿插值的批量轴类零件加工误差补偿[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(9):112-116.
[10]韩守连.锥度检具加工精度影响因素分析及对策[J].科技资讯,2014,12(11):70-72.
[11]闫利文.高精度大型轴类零件在位测量方法及关键技术研究[D].上海:上海大学,2009.
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