考虑深部赋存条件的岩石动态破坏试验研究进展
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摘要
由于深部岩石处于高地应力、高地温、高渗透压的复杂地质环境下,现有的岩石力学理论已不能很好地解释深部岩石在开采、爆破或地震等动态荷载下的力学特性及破坏机理。近几十年来,国内外诸多学者对岩石动态力学开展了大量的室内试验研究,在岩石的动态压缩、拉伸、断裂和剪切等基本力学特性方面取得了丰硕的成果。由于深部岩石所处地质环境的复杂性,这些岩石动力学的成果有待扩充以考虑深部岩石的特殊赋存环境的影响。结合已有的动力学研究方法,考虑高温、含水、以及原位应力对岩石动态力学特性的影响,是深部岩石工程的关键问题。对考虑深部赋存条件的高应力、高温和含水条件下岩石动态力学特性研究现状进行系统的总结,从试验系统原理、分析方法和试验结果 3个方面归纳针对深部赋存条件下岩石动态测试方法及其力学响应特性,并对深部岩石动态力学这一新兴的岩石力学研究方向进行展望。
Deep underground rocks are in a complex geomechanical environment featuring high in situ stress,high temperature,and high osmotic pressure. The mechanical responses and failure mechanisms of deep rocks under dynamic loading due to excavation,blasting and earthquakes cannot be explained by traditional rock mechanics theories due to these factors. In recent decades,significant progress has been made in the characterization of dynamic properties of rocks,including compression,tension,fracture and shear. Due to the complex geomechanical environment of deep rocks,extension of these investigations to deep rocks is desirable by considering high in situ stress,high temperature and high osmotic pressure,which is a critical issue in deep rock engineering. This study reviewed existing rock dynamic studies considering such three factors,summarized the influence of these factors to dynamic responses of rocks. Experimental systems,data analytical methods,and experimental results were summarized. In the last,future directions in deep rock dynamics were proposed.
Deep underground rocks are in a complex geomechanical environment featuring high in situ stress,high temperature,and high osmotic pressure. The mechanical responses and failure mechanisms of deep rocks under dynamic loading due to excavation,blasting and earthquakes cannot be explained by traditional rock mechanics theories due to these factors. In recent decades,significant progress has been made in the characterization of dynamic properties of rocks,including compression,tension,fracture and shear. Due to the complex geomechanical environment of deep rocks,extension of these investigations to deep rocks is desirable by considering high in situ stress,high temperature and high osmotic pressure,which is a critical issue in deep rock engineering. This study reviewed existing rock dynamic studies considering such three factors,summarized the influence of these factors to dynamic responses of rocks. Experimental systems,data analytical methods,and experimental results were summarized. In the last,future directions in deep rock dynamics were proposed.
引文
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