充填体下顶底柱开采结构参数优化及工程应用

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英文篇名：Structure parameters optimization and engineering application for exploitation of the roof and bottom pillars under filling body 作者：杨春城 英文作者：YANG Chuncheng;Sichuan Electromechanical Institute of Vocation and Technology; 关键词：充填体 ; 顶底柱 ; 采场结构参数 ; 有限元计算 ; 工程应用 英文关键词：filling body;;roof and bottom pillars;;stope structure parameter;;FEM simulation;;engineering application 中文刊名：中国矿业 英文刊名：China Mining Magazine 机构：四川机电职业技术学院; 出版日期：2019-04-15 出版单位：中国矿业 年：2019 期：04 语种：中文; 页：138-143 页数：6 CN：11-3033/TD ISSN：1004-4051 分类号：TD853.34

摘要

为了安全有效回收矿山充填体下顶底矿柱,提高资源利用率,本文结合顶底柱开采环境的特点,采用力学模型和数值模拟计算相结合,对留设残矿层的厚度、进路高度、进路宽度等不同参数下顶底开采顶板稳定性进行计算,分析开挖进路的安全系数、应力变化、塑性变形、沉降变形随着残矿层厚度、进路宽度、进路高度的改变而产生的变化规律。计算结果表明,留设残矿层时能有效吸收开挖进路上部荷载对其的作用能量,同时能均匀地将能量向下传递,使残矿层下方的充填体变形能分布变得均匀,塑性变形小;残矿层在吸收大量变形能之后,容易发生塑性变形,当残矿层厚度较小时会出现拱形贯通塑性变形区,造成采场顶板冒落;在留设残矿层时,开采进路宽度的大小对顶板主应力数值大小影响较大,且影响最大主应力超过矿体抗拉强度的范围。并将计算结果应用于工程实际,通过位移监测论证结果的合理性。综上分析,建议矿山充填体下顶底柱开采留设残矿层厚度为0.9m,开采进路宽度为2.5m,进路高度2.6m。
        In order to mine roof and bottom pillars under filling body safely and improve the utilization of resources,the approach fill mining method with residual seam is put forward based on the mining environmental characteristics of the roof and bottom pillars.Mechanics theory and finite element theory are applied to analyze the variation of safety factor,stress,plastic deformation and tensile stress with the changes from the thickness of residual ore and width and height of the approach.The results show that the plastic deformation of filling body is little and distribution of deformation energy from the filling body is uniform when certain thickness of the pillars is remained at the top of the mining approach,because the energy from the upper load of the mining approach is absorbed and passed down evenly by the residual ore;the residual ores produce plastic deformation easily,which even appear transfixion when the thickness of the residual ore is small because a large number of energy is absorbed by the residual ores.The range of the maximum principal stress being out of ore-body's tensile strength is affected by the width of mining approach stronger as well as the value of top moderators stress.In summary,in order to maximize the economic benefits of the mine,the safe width and height of the mining approach is 2.5 meters and 2.6 meters based on the recommended thickness of the residual ores which is 0.9 meters,and the support of the mining approach's roof near the ore needed to strengthen to ensure the safety of the stope.

引文

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