松辽盆地伏龙泉断陷断裂特征及控藏作用
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摘要
对松辽盆地东南隆起区伏龙泉断陷近30条断裂平面与剖面发育特征进行了分析,并根据其形成时期与控制作用的不同将其划分为3期3级:一级为控洼断裂,二级为同沉积断裂,三级则为晚期调节断裂,其中,伏龙泉断陷西部缓坡带主要发育二、三级断裂。通过西部缓坡带F6同沉积断裂两侧钻井揭示到的油气赋存层系,分析了该断裂对油气的输导与封堵作用。断裂上盘主动盘发育大量诱导缝,断面成为油气运移的主要通道;下盘被动盘中形成泥岩涂抹,对油气藏侧向封堵,证实了断裂主动盘侧利于油气输导、被动盘侧利于油气封堵的观点。根据同沉积断裂与调节断裂组合方式的差异,总结出断裂对伏龙泉西部缓坡带原生与次生油气藏的控制作用。
The horizontal and vertical characteristics of nearly 30 faults in the Fulongquan Fault Depression in the southeastern uplift of the Songliao Basin were analyzed. According to the epochs and controls of these faults, we classified them into three stages and three levels. The level 1 includes depression controlling faults, the level 2 includes synsedimentary faults, and the level 3 includes accommodation faults. On the western slope of the Fulongquan Fault Depression, there mainly develop level 2 and level 3 faults. Meanwhile, based on the hydrocarbon shows revealed by wells on both sides of the fault F6 on the western gentle slope, we analyzed the conducting and sealing effects of faults on hydrocarbon. A large number of induced fractures were developed on the active side of faults. Mudstones on the passive side laterally block oil and gas. It confirms that the active side of faults is favorable for hydrocarbon migration, while the passive side is favorable for hydrocarbon sealing. Based on the difference between the combination of sedimentary and accommodation faults, we identified the controls of fractures on hydrocarbon accumulation in primary and secondary reservoirs on the western slope of Fulongquan Fault Depression.
The horizontal and vertical characteristics of nearly 30 faults in the Fulongquan Fault Depression in the southeastern uplift of the Songliao Basin were analyzed. According to the epochs and controls of these faults, we classified them into three stages and three levels. The level 1 includes depression controlling faults, the level 2 includes synsedimentary faults, and the level 3 includes accommodation faults. On the western slope of the Fulongquan Fault Depression, there mainly develop level 2 and level 3 faults. Meanwhile, based on the hydrocarbon shows revealed by wells on both sides of the fault F6 on the western gentle slope, we analyzed the conducting and sealing effects of faults on hydrocarbon. A large number of induced fractures were developed on the active side of faults. Mudstones on the passive side laterally block oil and gas. It confirms that the active side of faults is favorable for hydrocarbon migration, while the passive side is favorable for hydrocarbon sealing. Based on the difference between the combination of sedimentary and accommodation faults, we identified the controls of fractures on hydrocarbon accumulation in primary and secondary reservoirs on the western slope of Fulongquan Fault Depression.
引文
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[19] 付晨阳,汤良杰,曹自成,等.塔中北坡走滑断裂横向变形差异及其油气地质意义[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(6):783-789.FU Chenyang,TANG Liangjie,CAO Zicheng,et al.Lateral deformation difference of strike-slip faults on the northern slope of Tazhong uplift and its control on petroleum geology[J].Petroleum Geo-logy & Experiment,2017,39(6):783-789.
[20] 刘峻桥,张桐,吕延防,等.断裂密集带对油气运聚成藏的控制:以松辽盆地杏北扶余油层为例[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(4):453-460.LIU Junqiao,ZHANG Tong,Lü Yanfang,et al.Controls of intensively faulted zones on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation:an example of Fuyu oil layer in Xingbei area,Songliao Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2017,39(4):453-460.
[2] 罗群,姜振学,庞雄奇.断裂控藏机理与模式[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.LUO Qun,JIANG Zhenxue,PANG Xiongqi.Mechanism and model of fault controlling petroleum accumulation[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.
[3] 罗群.断裂带的输导与封闭性及其控藏特征[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(5):474-479.LUO Qun.Transporting and sealing capacity of fault belt and its controlling on reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2011,33(5):474-479.
[4] 吴智平,陈伟,薛雁,等.断裂带的结构特征及其对油气的输导和封堵性[J].地质学报,2010,84(4):570-578.WU Zhiping,CHEN Wei,XUE Yan,et al.Structural characte-ristics of faulting zone and its ability in transporting and sealing oil and gas[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2010,84(4):570-578.
[5] 徐文,李浩,陈延哲.松辽盆地长岭断陷伏龙泉地区油气源及成藏特征分析[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(3):334-340.XU Wen,LI Hao,CHEN Yanzhe.Oil and gas source and reservoir characteristics in Fulongquan Subsag,Changling Depre-ssion,Songliao Basin[J] Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2017,39(3):334-340.
[6] 张美华,王春华,栾颖.松辽盆地伏龙泉断陷边界断层构造反转率[J].石油与天然气地质,2019,40(2):413-422.ZHANG Meihua,WANG Chunhua,LUAN Ying.Inverted rate of boundary faults along Fulongquan Fault Depression,Songliao Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2019,40(2):413-422.
[7] 崔盛芹,李锦蓉,吴珍汉,等.燕山地区中新生代陆内造山作用[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.CUI Shengqin,LI Jinrong,WU Zhenhan,et al.Meso-Cenozoic intra-continental orogeny in Yanshan area[M].Beijing:Geolo-gical Publishing House,2002.
[8] 丁国瑜.中国岩石圈动力学概论[M].北京:地震出版社,1991.DING Guoyu.Summary of the lithospheric dynamics in China[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1991.
[9] 李浩,陆建林,王保华,等.长岭断陷南部地区断陷层油气成藏机制及勘探潜力[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):44-54.LI Hao,LU Jianlin,WANG Baohua,et al.Reservoir-forming mechanism and its exploration potential of Songliao Basin in the southern area of Changling Depression[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2016,40(3):44-54.
[10] 付晓飞,方德庆,吕延防,等.从断裂带内部结构出发评价断层垂向封闭性的方法[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2005,30(3):328-336.FU Xiaofei,FANG Deqing,Lü Yanfang,et al.Method of evaluating vertical sealing of faults in terms of the internal structure of fault zones[J].Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),2005,30(3):328-336.
[11] 陈伟,吴智平,侯峰,等.断裂带内部结构特征及其与油气运聚关系[J].石油学报,2010,31(5):774-780.CHEN Wei,WU Zhiping,HOU Feng,et al.Internal structures of fault zones and their relationship with hydrocarbon migration and accumulation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(5):774-780.
[12] YIELDING G,FREEMAN B,NEEDHAM D T.Quantitative fault seal prediction[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(6):897-917.
[13] 姜大朋,王文勇,高翔,等.从内部结构出发探讨断裂控藏机理及模式:以珠江口盆地珠一坳陷为例[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(4):91-97.JIANG Dapeng,WANG Wenyong,GAO Xiang,et al.Mechanism and model of fault controlling reservoir in terms of the internal structure of fault zones:examples from Zhu I Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2016,35(4):91-97.
[14] 张焕旭,陈世加,张静,等.大断距断层封闭性评价:以柴达木盆地英东地区油砂山断层为例[J].新疆石油地质,2013,34(4):421-423.ZHANG Huanxu,CHEN Shijia,ZHANG Jing,et al.Large fault throw fault sealing ability evaluation:an example from Youshashan Fault in Yingdong area of Qaidam Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2013,34(4):421-423.
[15] CAINE J S,EVANS J P,FORSTER C B.Fault zone architecture and permeability structure[J].Geology,1996,24(11):1025-1028.
[16] 付晓飞,许鹏,魏长柱,等.张性断裂带内部结构特征及油气运移和保存研究[J].地学前缘,2012,19(6):200-212.FU Xiaofei,XU Peng,WEI Changzhu,et al.Internal structure of normal fault zone and hydrocarbon migration and conservation[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(6):200-212.
[17] SIBSON R H.Fault rocks and fault mechanisms[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1977,133(3):191-213.
[18] 罗枭,刘俊锋,张磊,等.塔里木盆地轮古西地区奥陶系断裂特征及其对油气富集的控制作用[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(2):19-24.LUO Xiao,LIU Junfeng,ZHANG Lei,et al.Ordovician fault properties and its effect on hydrocarbon enrichment in western Lungu of Tarim Basin[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(2):19-24.
[19] 付晨阳,汤良杰,曹自成,等.塔中北坡走滑断裂横向变形差异及其油气地质意义[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(6):783-789.FU Chenyang,TANG Liangjie,CAO Zicheng,et al.Lateral deformation difference of strike-slip faults on the northern slope of Tazhong uplift and its control on petroleum geology[J].Petroleum Geo-logy & Experiment,2017,39(6):783-789.
[20] 刘峻桥,张桐,吕延防,等.断裂密集带对油气运聚成藏的控制:以松辽盆地杏北扶余油层为例[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(4):453-460.LIU Junqiao,ZHANG Tong,Lü Yanfang,et al.Controls of intensively faulted zones on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation:an example of Fuyu oil layer in Xingbei area,Songliao Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2017,39(4):453-460.
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