船舶压载水高级氧化处理技术海域应用效果分析
|
摘要
以大气压强电场放电产生高浓度活性氧为基础,协同水力空化高级氧化技术,研制完成了集装式、可移动、处理量为30t/h的"海洋生物入侵风险防控应急处理装置",以大连港老港区4码头海域海水为对象开展应用性试验,主要从生物有效性、相关化学物质分析以及水质指标变化3个方面检验海洋生物入侵风险防控应急处理技术及装置系统性能。试验结果表明,在原海水中浮游动植物细胞数密度为1.6×10~3m L~(-1)、细菌含量为610CFU·m L~(-1)(CFU为细菌菌落总数)、水处理量为35t/h情况下,处理后海水生物有效性可以达到国际海事组织(IMO)D-2标准。处理后水质指标中总有机碳(TOC)、浊度和叶绿素均明显降低,三溴甲烷浓度略有升高,但未超出WHO饮用水标准要求,处理后海水水质得到显著改善。
We designed and prepared the container-type movable "treatment equipment for preventing and controlling non-indigenous marine organism invasion risk in case of emergency" with a volume of 30 t/h based on advanced oxidation processes of strong electric-field discharge at atmospheric pressure and the hydrodynamic cavitation technology, and the equipment was used to perform the application experiments of sea water in the fourth wharf of Dalian Port. Moreover,we investigated the performance of ballast water treatment system from bio-availability, related chemical analysis and water quality change. The results show that when the processing capacity is 35 t/h, the contents of phytoplankton and bacteria are 1.6×10~3 mL~(-1) and 610 CFU·mL~(-1), respectively, and the treatment effect can meet the discharge standard of D-2 of International Maritime Organization(IMO). The total organic carbon(TOC), the turbidity and chlorophyll significantly decrease in treated water; however, the concentration of Tribromomethane(TBM) slightly increases in treated water and is lower than World Health Organization drinking water standard. Finally, the water quality is improved significantly. Therefore, the emergency treatment device is safe and reliable to deal with the risk of foreign marine biological invasion, and the treatment effect meet the requirements of discharge standard of IMO.
We designed and prepared the container-type movable "treatment equipment for preventing and controlling non-indigenous marine organism invasion risk in case of emergency" with a volume of 30 t/h based on advanced oxidation processes of strong electric-field discharge at atmospheric pressure and the hydrodynamic cavitation technology, and the equipment was used to perform the application experiments of sea water in the fourth wharf of Dalian Port. Moreover,we investigated the performance of ballast water treatment system from bio-availability, related chemical analysis and water quality change. The results show that when the processing capacity is 35 t/h, the contents of phytoplankton and bacteria are 1.6×10~3 mL~(-1) and 610 CFU·mL~(-1), respectively, and the treatment effect can meet the discharge standard of D-2 of International Maritime Organization(IMO). The total organic carbon(TOC), the turbidity and chlorophyll significantly decrease in treated water; however, the concentration of Tribromomethane(TBM) slightly increases in treated water and is lower than World Health Organization drinking water standard. Finally, the water quality is improved significantly. Therefore, the emergency treatment device is safe and reliable to deal with the risk of foreign marine biological invasion, and the treatment effect meet the requirements of discharge standard of IMO.
引文
[1]张拿慧,白敏冬,薛晓红,等.强电场放电制备羟基自由基处理压载水实船试验[J].广东工业大学学报,2011,28(3):40-44.ZHANG Nahui,BAI Mindong,XUE Xiaohong,et al.On board trial of ballast water treatment system based on hydroxyl radicals produced by strong electric-field discharge[J].Journal of Guangdong University of Technology,2011,28(3):40-44.
[2]ENDRESEN?,BEHRENS L H,BRYNESTAD S,et al.Challenges in global ballast water management[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2004,48(7/8):615-623.
[3]NANAYAKKARA K G,KHORSHED K M,ZHENG Y,et al.Alow-energy intensive electrochemical system for the eradication of Escherichia coli from ballast water:Process development,disinfection chemistry,and kinetics modeling[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2012,64(6):1238-1245.
[4]KIM E,OH J,LEE S.Consideration on the maximum allowable dosage of active substances produced by ballast water management system using electrolysis[J].International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Economy,2016,4:88-96.
[5]ZHANG X F,BAI M D,TIAN Y P,et al.The estimation for ballast water discharged to China from 2007 to 2014[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2017,124(1):89-93.
[6]International Maritime Organization(IMO).International convention for the control and management of ship's ballast water and sediments:BWM/CONF/36[S],2004.
[7]International maritime organization(IMO).Agrees to implementation dates for ballast water treatment systems[C]∥71st Meeting of Marine Environment Protection Committee(MEPC).Hamburg,Germany:MEPC,2017.
[8]BRISKI E,ALLINGER L E,BALCER M,et al.Multidimensional approach to invasive species prevention[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,47(3):1216-1221.
[9]GON?ALVES A A,GAGNON G A.Recent technologies for ballast water treatment[J].Ozone-Science&Engineering,2012,34(3):174-195.
[10]RIGBY G R,HALLEGRAEFF G M,SUTTON C.Novel ballast water heating technique offers cost-effective treatment to reduce the risk of global transport of harmful[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,1999,191:289-293.
[11]BALCIO?LU A,SARA?C,KIVILCIMDAN C,et al.Application of ozonation and biotreatment for forest industry wastewater[J].Ozone-Science&Engineering,2006,28(6):431-436.
[12]IMO.Harmful aquatic organisms in ballast water[C]∥The Thirty-First Meeting of the GESAMP-ballast Water Working Group.London,UK:GESAMP-ballast water working group,2015
[13]青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司.青岛双瑞船舶压载水管理系统原理介绍[M].青岛:青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司,2017.Qingdao Shuangrui Marine Environment Engineering Co.,Ltd.Principle introduction of BalClor?BWMS of Sunrui[M].Qingdao,China:Qingdao Shuangrui Marine Environment Engineering Co.,Ltd.,2017.
[14]张楷,方振东,杨琴,等.压载水处理系统研究进展[J].环境科学导刊,2012,31(1):49-53.
[15]TSOLAKI E,DIAMADOPOULOS E.Technologies for ballast water treatment:a review[J].Journal of Chemical Technology&Biotechnology,2010,85(1):19-32.
[16]MORENO-ANDRES J,ROMERO-MARTINEZ L,ACEVE-DO-MERINO A.Determining disinfection efficiency on E.faecalis in saltwater by photolysis of H2O2:Implications for ballast water treatment[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,283:1339-1348.
[17]OLLER I,MALATO S,SáNCHEZ-PéREZ J A.Combination of advanced oxidation processes and biological treatments for wastewater decontamination-a review[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(20):4141-4166.
[18]ARSLAN I,BALCIOGLU I A.Degradation of remazol black B dye and its simulated dyebath wastewater by advanced oxidation processes in heterogeneous and homogeneous media[J].Coloration Technology,2001,117(1):38-42.
[19]李成玉.一种唯一通过IMO最终认可的船舶压载水处理系统[J].中国水运,2008,8(1):15-17.LI Chengyu.A only one ballast water treatment system final approved by IMO[J].China Water Transport,2008,8(1):15-17.
[20]汪超,王铁成,屈广周,等.脉冲电晕放电等离子体耦合土壤颗粒去除废水中盐酸四环素[J].高电压技术,2018,44(9):3076-3082.WANG Chao,WANG Tiecheng,QU Guangzhou,et al.Removal of tetracycline hcl in wastewater by pulsed corona discharge plasma coupled with soil particles[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(9):3076-3082..
[21]ZHAO C,ARROYO-MORA L E,DECAPRIO A P,et al.Reductive and oxidative degradation of iopamidol,iodinated X-ray contrast media,by Fe(III)-oxalate under UV and visible light treatment[J].Water Research,2014,67:144-153.
[22]SUN Y,FENG Q,LI X,et al.Heterogeneous fenton for advanced treatment of hydraulic fracturing wastewater utilizing nano-Fe-Co/Al2O3 catalyst[J].Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2017,17(9):6909-6918.
[23]白敏菂,冷白羽,陈宝玖.采用强电离放电法降解废水中难降解有机物[J].高电压技术,2017,43(8):2653-2659.BAI Mindi,LENG Baiyu,CHEN Baojiu.Non-thermal oxygen plasma produced by a strong ionization discharge and its application in degrading recalcitrant organic pollutants in wastewater[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(8):2653-2659.
[24]BAI M D,ZHENG Q L,TIAN Y P,et al.Inactivation of invasive marine species in the process of conveying ballast water using·OHbased on a strong ionization discharge[J].Water Research,2016,96:217-224.
[25]BAI M D,ZHANG Z T,BAI M D.Simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas by·OH radicals produced from O2+and water vapor in a Duct[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2012,46(18):10161-10168.
[26]BAI M D,ZHANG Z T,ZHANG N H,et al.Treatment of 250 t/h ballast water in oceanic ships using·OH radicals based on strong electric-field discharge[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2012,32(4):693-702.
[27]ZHANG Y B,BAI M D,CHEN C,et al.·OH treatment for killing of harmful organisms in ship’s ballast water with medium salinity based on strong ionization discharge[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2013,33(4):751-763.
[28]俞哲,张芝涛,于清旋,等.针·板微流注与微辉光交替生成的机理研究[J].物理学报,2012,61(19):195-202.YU Zhe,ZHANG Zhitao,YU Qingxuan,et al.Atmospheric pressure streamer and glow-discharge generated alternately by pin-to-plane dielectric barrier discharge in air[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(19):195-202.
[29]朱文明,吴纯德,吴国枝.水力空化强化臭氧消毒技术的影响因素研究[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(11):13-16.ZHU Wenming,WU Chunde,WU Guozhi.Study on influencing factors of ozone disinfection enhanced by hydrodynamic cavitation[J].China Water&Wastewater,2007,23(11):13-16.
[30]American Public Health Association.Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater[M].20th ed.Washington DC,USA:Amer Public Health Assn,1998.
[31]田一平,周新颖,袁晓莉,等.强电离放电等离子体在应急净化饮用水中的应用[J].高电压技术,2017,43(6):1792-1799.TIAN Yiping,ZHOU Xinying,YUAN Xiaoli,et al.Application on strong ionized discharge plasma to emergency drinking water disinfection[J].High Voltae Engineering,2017,43(6):1792-1799.
[32]ALLONIER A S,KHALANSKI M,BERMOND A,et al.Determination of trihalomethanes in chlorinated sea water samples using a purge-and-trap system coupled to gas chromatography[J].Talanta,1999,51:467-477.
[33]ZHANG N H,ZHANG Y B,BAI M D,et al.Risk assessment of marine environments from ballast water discharges with laboratory-scale hydroxyl radicals treatment in Tianjin Harbor,China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2014,145:122-128.
[34]王小宁,杨传玺,宗万松.饮用水消毒副产物生物毒性与调控策略的研究[J].工业水处理,2017,37(1):12-17.WANG Xiaoning,YANG Chuanxi,ZONG Wansong.Research on biological toxicity of drinking water disinfection by-products and its control strate-gies[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2017,37(1):12-17.
[35]VEDAT U,ISMAIL T.Investigation of bromide ion effects on disinfection by-products formation and speciation in an Istanbul water supply[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,149(2):445-451.
[36]CHANGE E E,LIN Y P.CHIANG P C.Effects of bromide on the formation of THMs and HAAs[J].Chemophere,2001,43(8):1029-1034.
[2]ENDRESEN?,BEHRENS L H,BRYNESTAD S,et al.Challenges in global ballast water management[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2004,48(7/8):615-623.
[3]NANAYAKKARA K G,KHORSHED K M,ZHENG Y,et al.Alow-energy intensive electrochemical system for the eradication of Escherichia coli from ballast water:Process development,disinfection chemistry,and kinetics modeling[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2012,64(6):1238-1245.
[4]KIM E,OH J,LEE S.Consideration on the maximum allowable dosage of active substances produced by ballast water management system using electrolysis[J].International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Economy,2016,4:88-96.
[5]ZHANG X F,BAI M D,TIAN Y P,et al.The estimation for ballast water discharged to China from 2007 to 2014[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2017,124(1):89-93.
[6]International Maritime Organization(IMO).International convention for the control and management of ship's ballast water and sediments:BWM/CONF/36[S],2004.
[7]International maritime organization(IMO).Agrees to implementation dates for ballast water treatment systems[C]∥71st Meeting of Marine Environment Protection Committee(MEPC).Hamburg,Germany:MEPC,2017.
[8]BRISKI E,ALLINGER L E,BALCER M,et al.Multidimensional approach to invasive species prevention[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,47(3):1216-1221.
[9]GON?ALVES A A,GAGNON G A.Recent technologies for ballast water treatment[J].Ozone-Science&Engineering,2012,34(3):174-195.
[10]RIGBY G R,HALLEGRAEFF G M,SUTTON C.Novel ballast water heating technique offers cost-effective treatment to reduce the risk of global transport of harmful[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,1999,191:289-293.
[11]BALCIO?LU A,SARA?C,KIVILCIMDAN C,et al.Application of ozonation and biotreatment for forest industry wastewater[J].Ozone-Science&Engineering,2006,28(6):431-436.
[12]IMO.Harmful aquatic organisms in ballast water[C]∥The Thirty-First Meeting of the GESAMP-ballast Water Working Group.London,UK:GESAMP-ballast water working group,2015
[13]青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司.青岛双瑞船舶压载水管理系统原理介绍[M].青岛:青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司,2017.Qingdao Shuangrui Marine Environment Engineering Co.,Ltd.Principle introduction of BalClor?BWMS of Sunrui[M].Qingdao,China:Qingdao Shuangrui Marine Environment Engineering Co.,Ltd.,2017.
[14]张楷,方振东,杨琴,等.压载水处理系统研究进展[J].环境科学导刊,2012,31(1):49-53.
[15]TSOLAKI E,DIAMADOPOULOS E.Technologies for ballast water treatment:a review[J].Journal of Chemical Technology&Biotechnology,2010,85(1):19-32.
[16]MORENO-ANDRES J,ROMERO-MARTINEZ L,ACEVE-DO-MERINO A.Determining disinfection efficiency on E.faecalis in saltwater by photolysis of H2O2:Implications for ballast water treatment[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,283:1339-1348.
[17]OLLER I,MALATO S,SáNCHEZ-PéREZ J A.Combination of advanced oxidation processes and biological treatments for wastewater decontamination-a review[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(20):4141-4166.
[18]ARSLAN I,BALCIOGLU I A.Degradation of remazol black B dye and its simulated dyebath wastewater by advanced oxidation processes in heterogeneous and homogeneous media[J].Coloration Technology,2001,117(1):38-42.
[19]李成玉.一种唯一通过IMO最终认可的船舶压载水处理系统[J].中国水运,2008,8(1):15-17.LI Chengyu.A only one ballast water treatment system final approved by IMO[J].China Water Transport,2008,8(1):15-17.
[20]汪超,王铁成,屈广周,等.脉冲电晕放电等离子体耦合土壤颗粒去除废水中盐酸四环素[J].高电压技术,2018,44(9):3076-3082.WANG Chao,WANG Tiecheng,QU Guangzhou,et al.Removal of tetracycline hcl in wastewater by pulsed corona discharge plasma coupled with soil particles[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(9):3076-3082..
[21]ZHAO C,ARROYO-MORA L E,DECAPRIO A P,et al.Reductive and oxidative degradation of iopamidol,iodinated X-ray contrast media,by Fe(III)-oxalate under UV and visible light treatment[J].Water Research,2014,67:144-153.
[22]SUN Y,FENG Q,LI X,et al.Heterogeneous fenton for advanced treatment of hydraulic fracturing wastewater utilizing nano-Fe-Co/Al2O3 catalyst[J].Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2017,17(9):6909-6918.
[23]白敏菂,冷白羽,陈宝玖.采用强电离放电法降解废水中难降解有机物[J].高电压技术,2017,43(8):2653-2659.BAI Mindi,LENG Baiyu,CHEN Baojiu.Non-thermal oxygen plasma produced by a strong ionization discharge and its application in degrading recalcitrant organic pollutants in wastewater[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(8):2653-2659.
[24]BAI M D,ZHENG Q L,TIAN Y P,et al.Inactivation of invasive marine species in the process of conveying ballast water using·OHbased on a strong ionization discharge[J].Water Research,2016,96:217-224.
[25]BAI M D,ZHANG Z T,BAI M D.Simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas by·OH radicals produced from O2+and water vapor in a Duct[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2012,46(18):10161-10168.
[26]BAI M D,ZHANG Z T,ZHANG N H,et al.Treatment of 250 t/h ballast water in oceanic ships using·OH radicals based on strong electric-field discharge[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2012,32(4):693-702.
[27]ZHANG Y B,BAI M D,CHEN C,et al.·OH treatment for killing of harmful organisms in ship’s ballast water with medium salinity based on strong ionization discharge[J].Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2013,33(4):751-763.
[28]俞哲,张芝涛,于清旋,等.针·板微流注与微辉光交替生成的机理研究[J].物理学报,2012,61(19):195-202.YU Zhe,ZHANG Zhitao,YU Qingxuan,et al.Atmospheric pressure streamer and glow-discharge generated alternately by pin-to-plane dielectric barrier discharge in air[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(19):195-202.
[29]朱文明,吴纯德,吴国枝.水力空化强化臭氧消毒技术的影响因素研究[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(11):13-16.ZHU Wenming,WU Chunde,WU Guozhi.Study on influencing factors of ozone disinfection enhanced by hydrodynamic cavitation[J].China Water&Wastewater,2007,23(11):13-16.
[30]American Public Health Association.Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater[M].20th ed.Washington DC,USA:Amer Public Health Assn,1998.
[31]田一平,周新颖,袁晓莉,等.强电离放电等离子体在应急净化饮用水中的应用[J].高电压技术,2017,43(6):1792-1799.TIAN Yiping,ZHOU Xinying,YUAN Xiaoli,et al.Application on strong ionized discharge plasma to emergency drinking water disinfection[J].High Voltae Engineering,2017,43(6):1792-1799.
[32]ALLONIER A S,KHALANSKI M,BERMOND A,et al.Determination of trihalomethanes in chlorinated sea water samples using a purge-and-trap system coupled to gas chromatography[J].Talanta,1999,51:467-477.
[33]ZHANG N H,ZHANG Y B,BAI M D,et al.Risk assessment of marine environments from ballast water discharges with laboratory-scale hydroxyl radicals treatment in Tianjin Harbor,China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2014,145:122-128.
[34]王小宁,杨传玺,宗万松.饮用水消毒副产物生物毒性与调控策略的研究[J].工业水处理,2017,37(1):12-17.WANG Xiaoning,YANG Chuanxi,ZONG Wansong.Research on biological toxicity of drinking water disinfection by-products and its control strate-gies[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2017,37(1):12-17.
[35]VEDAT U,ISMAIL T.Investigation of bromide ion effects on disinfection by-products formation and speciation in an Istanbul water supply[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,149(2):445-451.
[36]CHANGE E E,LIN Y P.CHIANG P C.Effects of bromide on the formation of THMs and HAAs[J].Chemophere,2001,43(8):1029-1034.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |