页岩气储层脆性评价方法研究现状
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摘要
随着常规油气资源的不断开发,其存量资源越来越少。美国非常规油气资源的开发成功,为页岩气勘探开发奠定了技术基础。储层改造技术是决定页岩气开发成败的两大关键技术之一。而页岩气储层的脆性指数是评价页岩气储层可改造(可压裂)的关键指标。本文对国内外的页岩气储层脆性评价方法进行了广泛深入的研究,总结了岩石脆性的各种力学表征方法以及矿物成分对岩石脆性的影响,为我国页岩气储层脆性评价方法的研究提供了基础性参考资料。
With the continuous development of conventional oil and gas resources, its stock resources are becoming less and less. The successful development of unconventional oil and gas resources in the United States has laid the technical foundation for shale gas exploration and development. Reservoir reconstruction technology is one of the two key technologies to determine the success or failure of shale gas development. The brittleness index of shale gas reservoirs is a key indicator for evaluating the shale gas reservoirs that can be modified(fracturable). In this paper, extensive and in-depth research on shale gas reservoir brittleness evaluation methods at home and abroad is carried out, and various mechanical characterization methods of rock brittleness and the influence of mineral composition on rock brittleness are summarized. That provides basic reference materials for the study of shale gas reservoir brittleness evaluation methods in China.
With the continuous development of conventional oil and gas resources, its stock resources are becoming less and less. The successful development of unconventional oil and gas resources in the United States has laid the technical foundation for shale gas exploration and development. Reservoir reconstruction technology is one of the two key technologies to determine the success or failure of shale gas development. The brittleness index of shale gas reservoirs is a key indicator for evaluating the shale gas reservoirs that can be modified(fracturable). In this paper, extensive and in-depth research on shale gas reservoir brittleness evaluation methods at home and abroad is carried out, and various mechanical characterization methods of rock brittleness and the influence of mineral composition on rock brittleness are summarized. That provides basic reference materials for the study of shale gas reservoir brittleness evaluation methods in China.
引文
[1] 张金川,徐波,聂海宽,等.中国页岩气资源勘探潜力[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):136-140.ZHANG Jinchuan,XU Bo,NIE Haikuan,et al.Exploration potential of shale gas resources in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(6):136-140.
[2] 吴奇,胥云,王腾飞,等.增产改造理念的重大变革——体积改造技术概论[J].天然气工业,2011,31(4):7-12.WU Qi,XU Yun,WANG Tengfei,et al.The revolution of reservoir stimulation:an introduction of volume fracturing[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(4):7-12.
[3] 唐颖,邢云,李乐忠,等.页岩储层可压裂性影响因素及评价方法[J].地学前缘,2012,19(5):356-363.TANG Ying,XING Yun,LI Lezhong,et al.Influence factors and evaluation methods of the gas shale fracability[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(5):356-363.
[4] 赵金洲,任岚,胡永全.页岩储层压裂缝成网延伸的受控因素分析[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(1):1-9.ZHAO Jinzhou,REN Lan,HU Yongquan.Controlling factors of hydraulic fractures extending into network in shale formations[J].Journal of Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition),2013,35(1):1-9.
[5] 李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩气储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):17-22.LI Qinghui,CHEN Mian,JIN Yan,et al.Rock mechanics characteristic and brittleness evaluation of shale gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Drilling Technology,2012,40(4):17-22.
[6] 李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩脆性的室内评价方法及改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1680-1685.LI Qinghui,CHEN Mian,JIN Yan,et al.Indoor evaluation method for shale brittleness and improvement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(8):1680-1685.
[7] 刘曰武,高大鹏,李奇,等.页岩气开采中的若干力学前沿问题[J].力学进展,2019 ,49(1):1-236.LIU Yuewu,GAO Dapeng,LI Qi,et al.Mechanical frontiers in shale-gas development[J].Advances in Mechanics,2019,49(1):1-236.
[8] Jarvie D M,Hill R J,Ruble T E,et al.Unconventional shale-gas systems:The Mississippian Barnett Shale of North-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499.
[9] Rickman R,Mullen M J,Petre J E,et al.A practical use of shale petrophysics for stimulation design optimization:all shale plays are not clones of the Barnett Shale[C]// SPE Technical Conference and Exhibition.Society of Petroleum Engineers,Colorado USA:2008.
[10] Rickman R,Mullen M,Petre E,et al.A practical use of shale petrophysics for stimulation design optimization:all shale plays are not clones of the Barnett Shale[J].SPE 115258,2008.
[11] Altindag R.Assessment of some brittleness indexes in rock-drilling efficiency[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2010,43(3):361-370.
[12] Hucka V,Das B.Brittleness determination of rocks by different methods[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1974,11(10):389-392.
[13] Altindag R.Correlation of specific energy with rock brittleness concepts on rock cutting[J].Jounal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2003,103(3):163-171.
[14] 周辉,孟凡震,张传庆,等.基于应力-应变曲线的岩石脆性特征定量评价方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,3013,33(6):1114-1122.ZHOU Hui,MENG Fanzhen,ZHANG Chuanqing,et al.Quantitative evaluation of rock brittleness based on stress-strain cure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,33(6):1114-1122.
[15] Bishop A W.Progressive failure with special reference to the mechanism causing it[C].Oslo:Proceedings of the Geotechnical Conference,1967:142-150.
[16] Hajiabdolmajid V,Kaiser P K,Martin C D.Modelling brittle failure of rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2002,39(6):731-741.
[17] Hajiabdolmajid V,P.Kaiser.Brittleness of rock and stability assessment in hard rock tunneling[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2003,18:35-48.
[18] Tarasov B,Potvin Y.Universal criteria for rock brittleness estimation under triaxial compression[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2013,59(4):57-69.
[19] Aubertin M,Gill D E.Simon R.On the use of the brittleness index modification (BIM) to estimate the post peak behavior or rocks[C]// Proceedings of the 1st North American Rock Mechanics Symposium.A.A.Balkema,Rotterdam,1994:945-952.
[20] Munoz H,Taheri A,Chanda E K.Rock drilling performance evaluation by energy dissipation based rock brittleness index[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2016,49(8):3343-3355.
[21] Baron L I.Determination of Properties of Rocks.Gozgotekhizdat,Moscow:1992:784-795.
[22] 刘佑荣,唐辉明.岩体力学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1999.LIU Yourong,TANG Huiming.Rockmass Mechanics[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1999.
[23] Lawn B R,Marshall D B.Hardness,toughness and brittleness:an indentation analysis[J].Journal of American Ceramic Society,1979,62(7/8):347-350.
[24] Quinn J B,Quinn G D.Indentation brittleness of ceramics:a fresh approach[J].Journal of Materials Science,1997,32(16):4331-4346.
[25] Ingram G M,Urai J L.Top-seal leakage through faults and fractures:the role of mudrock properties[J].Muds and mudstones:Physical and fluid flow properties,1999,158:125-135.
[26] Copur H,Bilgin N,uncdemir H,et al.A set of indices based on indentation test for assessment of rock cutting performance and rock properties[J].Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2003,103(9):589-600.
[27] 张新华,邹筱春,赵红艳,等.利用X荧光元素录井资料评价页岩脆性的新方法[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(5):92-95.ZHANG Xinhua,ZOU Xiaochun,ZHAO Hongyan,et al.A new method of evaluation shale brittleness using X-ray fluorescence element logging data[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(5):92-95.
[28] 才博,丁云宏,卢拥军,等.非常规储层体积改造中岩石脆性特征的判别方法[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2012,14(5):86-88.CAI Bo,DING Yunhong,LU Yongjun,et al.Study of rock brittleness for stimulated reservoir volume fracturing technology[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology:Natural Sciences Edition,2012,14(5):86-88.
[29] 陈吉,肖贤明.南方古生界3 套富有机质页岩矿物组成与脆性分析[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(5):822-826.CHEN Ji,XIAO Xianming.Mineral composition and brittleness of three sets of Paleozoic organic-rich shales in China South area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(5):822-826.
[30] 李钜源.东营凹陷泥页岩矿物组成及脆度分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):616-620.LI Juyuan.Mineral composition and brittleness analysis of shale in Dongying Sag[J].Journal of Sedimentology,2013,31(4):616-620.
[31] 刁海燕.泥页岩储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].岩石学报,2013,29( 9):3300-3306.DIAO Haiyan.Rock mechanical properties and brittleness evaluation of shale reservoir[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):3300-3306.
[2] 吴奇,胥云,王腾飞,等.增产改造理念的重大变革——体积改造技术概论[J].天然气工业,2011,31(4):7-12.WU Qi,XU Yun,WANG Tengfei,et al.The revolution of reservoir stimulation:an introduction of volume fracturing[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(4):7-12.
[3] 唐颖,邢云,李乐忠,等.页岩储层可压裂性影响因素及评价方法[J].地学前缘,2012,19(5):356-363.TANG Ying,XING Yun,LI Lezhong,et al.Influence factors and evaluation methods of the gas shale fracability[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(5):356-363.
[4] 赵金洲,任岚,胡永全.页岩储层压裂缝成网延伸的受控因素分析[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(1):1-9.ZHAO Jinzhou,REN Lan,HU Yongquan.Controlling factors of hydraulic fractures extending into network in shale formations[J].Journal of Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition),2013,35(1):1-9.
[5] 李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩气储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):17-22.LI Qinghui,CHEN Mian,JIN Yan,et al.Rock mechanics characteristic and brittleness evaluation of shale gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Drilling Technology,2012,40(4):17-22.
[6] 李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩脆性的室内评价方法及改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1680-1685.LI Qinghui,CHEN Mian,JIN Yan,et al.Indoor evaluation method for shale brittleness and improvement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(8):1680-1685.
[7] 刘曰武,高大鹏,李奇,等.页岩气开采中的若干力学前沿问题[J].力学进展,2019 ,49(1):1-236.LIU Yuewu,GAO Dapeng,LI Qi,et al.Mechanical frontiers in shale-gas development[J].Advances in Mechanics,2019,49(1):1-236.
[8] Jarvie D M,Hill R J,Ruble T E,et al.Unconventional shale-gas systems:The Mississippian Barnett Shale of North-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499.
[9] Rickman R,Mullen M J,Petre J E,et al.A practical use of shale petrophysics for stimulation design optimization:all shale plays are not clones of the Barnett Shale[C]// SPE Technical Conference and Exhibition.Society of Petroleum Engineers,Colorado USA:2008.
[10] Rickman R,Mullen M,Petre E,et al.A practical use of shale petrophysics for stimulation design optimization:all shale plays are not clones of the Barnett Shale[J].SPE 115258,2008.
[11] Altindag R.Assessment of some brittleness indexes in rock-drilling efficiency[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2010,43(3):361-370.
[12] Hucka V,Das B.Brittleness determination of rocks by different methods[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1974,11(10):389-392.
[13] Altindag R.Correlation of specific energy with rock brittleness concepts on rock cutting[J].Jounal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2003,103(3):163-171.
[14] 周辉,孟凡震,张传庆,等.基于应力-应变曲线的岩石脆性特征定量评价方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,3013,33(6):1114-1122.ZHOU Hui,MENG Fanzhen,ZHANG Chuanqing,et al.Quantitative evaluation of rock brittleness based on stress-strain cure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,33(6):1114-1122.
[15] Bishop A W.Progressive failure with special reference to the mechanism causing it[C].Oslo:Proceedings of the Geotechnical Conference,1967:142-150.
[16] Hajiabdolmajid V,Kaiser P K,Martin C D.Modelling brittle failure of rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2002,39(6):731-741.
[17] Hajiabdolmajid V,P.Kaiser.Brittleness of rock and stability assessment in hard rock tunneling[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2003,18:35-48.
[18] Tarasov B,Potvin Y.Universal criteria for rock brittleness estimation under triaxial compression[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2013,59(4):57-69.
[19] Aubertin M,Gill D E.Simon R.On the use of the brittleness index modification (BIM) to estimate the post peak behavior or rocks[C]// Proceedings of the 1st North American Rock Mechanics Symposium.A.A.Balkema,Rotterdam,1994:945-952.
[20] Munoz H,Taheri A,Chanda E K.Rock drilling performance evaluation by energy dissipation based rock brittleness index[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2016,49(8):3343-3355.
[21] Baron L I.Determination of Properties of Rocks.Gozgotekhizdat,Moscow:1992:784-795.
[22] 刘佑荣,唐辉明.岩体力学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1999.LIU Yourong,TANG Huiming.Rockmass Mechanics[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1999.
[23] Lawn B R,Marshall D B.Hardness,toughness and brittleness:an indentation analysis[J].Journal of American Ceramic Society,1979,62(7/8):347-350.
[24] Quinn J B,Quinn G D.Indentation brittleness of ceramics:a fresh approach[J].Journal of Materials Science,1997,32(16):4331-4346.
[25] Ingram G M,Urai J L.Top-seal leakage through faults and fractures:the role of mudrock properties[J].Muds and mudstones:Physical and fluid flow properties,1999,158:125-135.
[26] Copur H,Bilgin N,uncdemir H,et al.A set of indices based on indentation test for assessment of rock cutting performance and rock properties[J].Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2003,103(9):589-600.
[27] 张新华,邹筱春,赵红艳,等.利用X荧光元素录井资料评价页岩脆性的新方法[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(5):92-95.ZHANG Xinhua,ZOU Xiaochun,ZHAO Hongyan,et al.A new method of evaluation shale brittleness using X-ray fluorescence element logging data[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(5):92-95.
[28] 才博,丁云宏,卢拥军,等.非常规储层体积改造中岩石脆性特征的判别方法[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2012,14(5):86-88.CAI Bo,DING Yunhong,LU Yongjun,et al.Study of rock brittleness for stimulated reservoir volume fracturing technology[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology:Natural Sciences Edition,2012,14(5):86-88.
[29] 陈吉,肖贤明.南方古生界3 套富有机质页岩矿物组成与脆性分析[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(5):822-826.CHEN Ji,XIAO Xianming.Mineral composition and brittleness of three sets of Paleozoic organic-rich shales in China South area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(5):822-826.
[30] 李钜源.东营凹陷泥页岩矿物组成及脆度分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):616-620.LI Juyuan.Mineral composition and brittleness analysis of shale in Dongying Sag[J].Journal of Sedimentology,2013,31(4):616-620.
[31] 刁海燕.泥页岩储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].岩石学报,2013,29( 9):3300-3306.DIAO Haiyan.Rock mechanical properties and brittleness evaluation of shale reservoir[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):3300-3306.
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