性类固醇激素在虾夷扇贝性腺发育周期的分布
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摘要
性类固醇激素不仅在脊椎动物性别分化、生殖、发育等过程中发挥重要作用,在部分软体动物中也参与生殖调控。本文分析了3种主要性类固醇激素(孕酮、睾酮和雌二醇)在虾夷扇贝性腺发育过程中的变化情况。首先通过组织学方法确定虾夷扇贝性腺4个发育阶段的周年分布:休止期(7—9月)、增殖期(10—12月)、生长期(1—2月)、成熟期(1—6月)。之后,采用酶联免疫吸附实验测定虾夷扇贝性腺各发育阶段中性类固醇激素的含量。结果表明,性腺中激素含量呈现孕酮>雌二醇>睾酮,它们分别约占激素总含量的60%、30%、10%;精巢中3种激素含量均呈显著正相关,但卵巢中仅孕酮和睾酮之间显著相关;研究还发现,虽然3种激素含量在性别、发育阶段之间差异均不显著,但睾酮比例和雌二醇/睾酮在生长期的精巢和卵巢之间差异显著,精巢睾酮比例高于卵巢,而卵巢的雌二醇/睾酮高于精巢。以上结果表明,性类固醇激素很可能参与虾夷扇贝生殖调控,在性腺发育、配子发生过程中发挥重要作用。
Sex steroid hormones play an important role in gender differentiation, reproduction and development in vertebrates. They also participate in reproductive regulations in some molluscs. In this study, we examined the variations of three major sex steroids(progesterone, testosterone and estradiol) during the gonadal development of Patinopecten yessoensis. Firstly, annual distribution of the four developmental stages of Patinopecten yessoensis gonads was determined by histological sections: resting stage(July-September), proliferative stage(October-December), growing stage(January-February) and maturation stage(January-June). Then, levels of the three hormones in the gonads of various developmental stages were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results showed that the level of progesterone is highest in scallop gonads, followed by estradiol and testosterone, accounting for about 60%, 30% and 10% of the total content of the sex steroids, respectively. In testis, correlations between the three hormones are significantly positive, but in ovary, only the correlation between progesterone and testosterone is significant. Although levels of the three hormones do not vary significantly between sex or gonadal developmental stages, there are significant differences in testosterone% and estradiol/testosterone between testis and ovary at growing stage, with testosterone% being higher in testis, and estradiol/testosterone being higher in ovary. These results suggest that sex steroids may participate in scallop reproductive regulation, including gonadal development and gametogenesis.
Sex steroid hormones play an important role in gender differentiation, reproduction and development in vertebrates. They also participate in reproductive regulations in some molluscs. In this study, we examined the variations of three major sex steroids(progesterone, testosterone and estradiol) during the gonadal development of Patinopecten yessoensis. Firstly, annual distribution of the four developmental stages of Patinopecten yessoensis gonads was determined by histological sections: resting stage(July-September), proliferative stage(October-December), growing stage(January-February) and maturation stage(January-June). Then, levels of the three hormones in the gonads of various developmental stages were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results showed that the level of progesterone is highest in scallop gonads, followed by estradiol and testosterone, accounting for about 60%, 30% and 10% of the total content of the sex steroids, respectively. In testis, correlations between the three hormones are significantly positive, but in ovary, only the correlation between progesterone and testosterone is significant. Although levels of the three hormones do not vary significantly between sex or gonadal developmental stages, there are significant differences in testosterone% and estradiol/testosterone between testis and ovary at growing stage, with testosterone% being higher in testis, and estradiol/testosterone being higher in ovary. These results suggest that sex steroids may participate in scallop reproductive regulation, including gonadal development and gametogenesis.
引文
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[2] Siah A,Pellerin J,Benosman A,et al.Seasonal gonad progesterone pattern in the soft-shell clam Mya arenaria[J].Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology,2002,132(2):499-511.
[3] Reis-Henriques M A,Guellec D L,Remy-Martin J P,et al.Studies of endogenous steroids from the marine mollusc Mytilus edulis,L.By gas chromatography and mass spectrometry[J].Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology Part B Comparative Biochemistry,1990,95(2):303-309.
[4] Ketata I,Guermazi F,Rebai T,et al.Variation of steroid concentrations during the reproductive cycle of the clam Ruditapes decussatus:a one year study in the gulf of Gabes area[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol,2007,147(2):424-431.
[5] Liu J,Zhang Z,Zhang L,et al.Variations of estradiol-17β and testosterone levels correlated with gametogenesis in the gonad of Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) during annual reproductive cycle[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,2014,92(3):195-204.
[6] Wang Q C.Introduction of Japanese scallop and prospect of culture it in northern China[J].Fisheries Science,1984,3(4):24-27.
[7] Maru K.Studies on the reproduction of a scallop,Pationopecten yessoensis (Jay),2:Gonad development in 1-year-old scallops[J].Scientific Reports of Hokkaido Fisheries Experimental Station,1978(20):13-26.
[8] 高悦勉,田斌,于永刚,等.大连塔河湾海区虾夷扇贝的性腺发育与繁殖规律[J].大连海洋大学学报,2007,22(5):335-339.Gao Yue-Mian,Tian Bin,YU Yong-Gang,et al.The gonadal development and reproductive cycle of Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis in Tahe Bay in Dalian[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2007,22(5):335-339.
[9] Osada M,Tawarayama H,Mori K.Estrogen synthesis in relation to gonadal development of Japanese scallop,Patinopecten yessoensis:gonadal profile and immunolocalization of P450 aromatase and estrogen[J].Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol,2004,139(1):123-128.
[10] Osada M,Takamura T,Sato H,et al.Vitellogenin synthesis in the ovary of scallop,Patinopecten yessoensis:Control by estradiol-17 beta and the central nervous system[J].Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A Comparative Experimental Biology,2003,299(2):172-179.
[11] 李文姬,滕炜鸣,王笑月,等.黄海北部虾夷扇贝性腺发育及繁殖规律研究[J].水产科学,2012,31(12):703-707.LI Wen-Ji,TENG Wei-Ming,WANG Xiao-Yue,et al.The gonadal development and life cycle in japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis in northern Yellow Sea[J].Fisheries Science,2012,31(12):703-707.
[12] 廖承义,徐应馥,王远隆.栉孔扇贝的生殖周期[J].水产学报,1983,7(1):1-13.Liao Cheng-Yi,XU Ying-Fu,Wang Yuan-Long.Reproductive cycle of the scallop Chlamys farreri(Jones et Preston) at Qingdao[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1983.7(1):1-13.
[13] 白胡木吉力图,马汝河,高悦勉,等.大连海区青蛤的性腺发育和生殖周期[J].大连海洋大学学报,2008,23(3):196-199.Bai Hu-mu-ji-li-tu,Ma Ru he,Gao Yue mian,et al.The gonadal development and reproductive cycle of clam Cyclina sinensis in coastal Dalian[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2008,23(3):196-199.
[14] Mouneyrac C,Linot S,Amiard J C,et al.Biological indices,energy reserves,steroid hormones and sexual maturity in the infaunal bivalve Scrobicularia plana from three sites differing by their level of contamination[J].General & Comparative Endocrinology,2008,157(2):133-141.
[15] Gauthier-Clerc S,Pellerin J,Amiard J C.Estradiol-17β and testosterone concentrations in male and female Mya arenaria,(Mollusca bivalvia) during the reproductive cycle[J].General & Comparative Endocrinology,2006,145(2):133-139.
[16] Yan H,Li Q,Liu W,et al.Seasonal changes of oestradiol-17β and testosterone concentrations in the gonad of the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta (Lamarck,1818)[J].Journal of Molluscan Studies,2011,77(2):116-122.
[17] Ni J,Zeng Z,Ke C.Sex steroid levels and expression patterns of estrogen receptor gene in the oyster Crassostrea angulata during reproductive cycle[J].Aquaculture,2013,s376-379(3):105-116.
[18] Markov G V,Tavares R,Dauphin-Villemant C,et al.Independent elaboration of steroid hormone signaling pathways in metazoans[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2009,106(29):11913-11918.
[2] Siah A,Pellerin J,Benosman A,et al.Seasonal gonad progesterone pattern in the soft-shell clam Mya arenaria[J].Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology,2002,132(2):499-511.
[3] Reis-Henriques M A,Guellec D L,Remy-Martin J P,et al.Studies of endogenous steroids from the marine mollusc Mytilus edulis,L.By gas chromatography and mass spectrometry[J].Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology Part B Comparative Biochemistry,1990,95(2):303-309.
[4] Ketata I,Guermazi F,Rebai T,et al.Variation of steroid concentrations during the reproductive cycle of the clam Ruditapes decussatus:a one year study in the gulf of Gabes area[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol,2007,147(2):424-431.
[5] Liu J,Zhang Z,Zhang L,et al.Variations of estradiol-17β and testosterone levels correlated with gametogenesis in the gonad of Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) during annual reproductive cycle[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,2014,92(3):195-204.
[6] Wang Q C.Introduction of Japanese scallop and prospect of culture it in northern China[J].Fisheries Science,1984,3(4):24-27.
[7] Maru K.Studies on the reproduction of a scallop,Pationopecten yessoensis (Jay),2:Gonad development in 1-year-old scallops[J].Scientific Reports of Hokkaido Fisheries Experimental Station,1978(20):13-26.
[8] 高悦勉,田斌,于永刚,等.大连塔河湾海区虾夷扇贝的性腺发育与繁殖规律[J].大连海洋大学学报,2007,22(5):335-339.Gao Yue-Mian,Tian Bin,YU Yong-Gang,et al.The gonadal development and reproductive cycle of Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis in Tahe Bay in Dalian[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2007,22(5):335-339.
[9] Osada M,Tawarayama H,Mori K.Estrogen synthesis in relation to gonadal development of Japanese scallop,Patinopecten yessoensis:gonadal profile and immunolocalization of P450 aromatase and estrogen[J].Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol,2004,139(1):123-128.
[10] Osada M,Takamura T,Sato H,et al.Vitellogenin synthesis in the ovary of scallop,Patinopecten yessoensis:Control by estradiol-17 beta and the central nervous system[J].Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A Comparative Experimental Biology,2003,299(2):172-179.
[11] 李文姬,滕炜鸣,王笑月,等.黄海北部虾夷扇贝性腺发育及繁殖规律研究[J].水产科学,2012,31(12):703-707.LI Wen-Ji,TENG Wei-Ming,WANG Xiao-Yue,et al.The gonadal development and life cycle in japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis in northern Yellow Sea[J].Fisheries Science,2012,31(12):703-707.
[12] 廖承义,徐应馥,王远隆.栉孔扇贝的生殖周期[J].水产学报,1983,7(1):1-13.Liao Cheng-Yi,XU Ying-Fu,Wang Yuan-Long.Reproductive cycle of the scallop Chlamys farreri(Jones et Preston) at Qingdao[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1983.7(1):1-13.
[13] 白胡木吉力图,马汝河,高悦勉,等.大连海区青蛤的性腺发育和生殖周期[J].大连海洋大学学报,2008,23(3):196-199.Bai Hu-mu-ji-li-tu,Ma Ru he,Gao Yue mian,et al.The gonadal development and reproductive cycle of clam Cyclina sinensis in coastal Dalian[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2008,23(3):196-199.
[14] Mouneyrac C,Linot S,Amiard J C,et al.Biological indices,energy reserves,steroid hormones and sexual maturity in the infaunal bivalve Scrobicularia plana from three sites differing by their level of contamination[J].General & Comparative Endocrinology,2008,157(2):133-141.
[15] Gauthier-Clerc S,Pellerin J,Amiard J C.Estradiol-17β and testosterone concentrations in male and female Mya arenaria,(Mollusca bivalvia) during the reproductive cycle[J].General & Comparative Endocrinology,2006,145(2):133-139.
[16] Yan H,Li Q,Liu W,et al.Seasonal changes of oestradiol-17β and testosterone concentrations in the gonad of the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta (Lamarck,1818)[J].Journal of Molluscan Studies,2011,77(2):116-122.
[17] Ni J,Zeng Z,Ke C.Sex steroid levels and expression patterns of estrogen receptor gene in the oyster Crassostrea angulata during reproductive cycle[J].Aquaculture,2013,s376-379(3):105-116.
[18] Markov G V,Tavares R,Dauphin-Villemant C,et al.Independent elaboration of steroid hormone signaling pathways in metazoans[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2009,106(29):11913-11918.
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